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Wednesday, September 2, 2026

BWC1e: Pieper→Baier-Walther cross-reference (#1), updated

      This continues from Part BWC1d in a series (Table of Contents in Part BWC1) presenting Walther's edition of Baier's Compendium of Positive Theology. — The following cross-reference was presented in 2017 before all the updates became available where one could link directly to English translations of the sources. Now all links have been updated to their English sources and have been compiled in the following tables. This allows fast access for rigorous study of various topics as covered by Pieper and Walther (and Baier). — Rather than a scrollable embedded window, I am presenting the table in the blog itself so that it may be archived as a unit. What follows is the listing for Volume 1 with over 300 links (pink shaded links will be updated when the translation of Volume 3 of Baier-Walther is completed):

Christliche Dogmatik

v:ppp:xxxxx

Christian Dogmatics

ppp;nnnn

Baier-

Walther

Compendium

Notes

1:006n12

8n8

1:014

Calov’s detailed account of various derivations of the Latin religio

1:044n164

42

1:002

Baier: Theology  – Greek word composite of God and Word.

1:051n181

47

1:069

Baier: Theology is a supernatural aptitude

1:056n202

52n80

1:043, 076

Pfeiffer: no doctrine outside of those based on Scripture

1:064n225

58n87

1:005

true nature of theology, is based on Scripture

1:091n319

81

3:245 f.

Dogmaticians call doctrine of justification the fundamental article.

1:095n346

85

1:061 note e [sic?]

"fundamental doctrines" did not originate with the Church

1:099n361

88n122

1:062

not every false doctrine which by its nature is destructive of the foundation of faith … "felicitous inconsistency" (“glückliche Inkonsequenz”)

1:103n376

92

1:065

Baier: errors on non-fundamental articles  – be “on our guard lest by embracing and teaching error we rashly sin”

1:106n387

94n135

1:067 nota c

Open question: Is the soul of each individual created by God immediately (creationism) or mediately through the parents (traducianism)?

1:107n390

95n137

1:067 

1767 ed.: p 52

Open questions: “... the many questions which Scripture leaves unanswered

1:117n422

104

1:040

The subject of the operation of theology is homo peccator (the sinner) in so far as he is to be led to eternal salvation

1:158n545

138n190

1:076

Does theology constitute a system?

1:173n570

150n200

1:076

Baier prefers “analytic method” over synthetic” method of theology

1:173n572

150n201

1:029

Analytical method, however, proceeds from effect to cause or seeks to derive the whole from a particular part

1:175n583

151n204

—   

Baier is infected with the synergistic bias of his father-in-law Musaeus.  The edition of Walther, St. Louis, 1879, is not a mere reprint of Baier's compend, but by the addition of quotations has been expanded to three volumes

- - - - - - - 

In the cited quotations, not only Luther and the old theologians, but also the modern theologians of the 19th century, are abundantly cited, so that students are offered a source material which enables them to judge both the old and modern theology.  Prof. Th. Bünger has supplied a index of subject and names on this edition of Walther’s, which has been worked with great diligence and great expertise.

1:176

152

Baier discusses the last things: death, resurrection, the Judgment, and the destruction of the world immediately in connection with salvation

1:176n585

152n205

1:077

The all-important point is that the theologian observe the principle of divine revelation, not the “faith” of the theologian (Objective!)


The balance for Volume 1 is available after the jump break (Volumes 2 and 3 will come later, see below):


Christliche Dogmatik

v:ppp:xxxxx

Christian Dogmatics

ppp;nnnn

Baier-

Walther

Compendium

Notes

1:194

166n227

General intro to Baier-Walther, defense against misunderstandings - “The dogmatic works of the 17th century, …  rather do we observe in them already a pollution of the stream that gushed forth in crystal purity in the sixteenth century

1:211

174

1:069

Luther: “A doctor of the Holy Scriptures no one can make for you but alone the Holy Ghost from heaven”

1:234n673

193n2, 194n2

1:106, 105

"But after God had chosen to transmit His Word in writing, the Church of every age was strictly bound to the written Word of God"

1:245n713

203n10

1:087

Consensus of Church not equal to Holy Scripture

1:249n721

206n18

1:081

Roman pontiff, when he speaks ex cathedra, … infallibilityunalterable.

1:271n776

225

1:099

Inspiration itself, … , implies the impulse of executing the act of writing”

1:275n787

228n40

1:102

R.F. Grau: “The boundaries between the divine and the human in Scripture cannot be determined mechanically and quantitatively”

1:280n801

233n42

1:101 f.

Arguments against the inspiration of Holy Scripture: (1) different style in the various books in the Scripture

1:285n810

236n45

1:102

(2) The appeal of the holy writers to their historical research

1:297n834

247n53

1:102 f.

(4) alleged contradictions in Scripture and erroneous statements  – Kahnis: “all the inaccurate quotations” from the Old Testament found in the New.

1:308n850

255n58

1:102 f.

Kahnis: “solecisms and barbarisms of the Apostolic Scriptures, all faulty constructions of Paul”

1:315n870

261

1:102

The brief personal letter to Philemon has also been used as an argument against the inspiration of Scripture

1:321n891

266n77

Baier’s 1690 ed. 

The Church Fathers, too, taught the Verbal Inspiration

1:325

270

1:103

Kahnis: “Among these Prophetic and Apostolic writings we find differences, from the viewpoint of both origin and content

1:342n953

283n94

1:102

Against the inspiration of Scripture Kahnis also advances this fact, that the Evangelists do not use the identical words in their report of the institution of the Lord's Supper.

1:367n1018

304n102

1:103

Kahnis: “This principle [of Scripture’s sole authority] is independent of the dogmaticians' doctrine of inspiration”

1:372n1036

307

1:119

This divine authority of Scripture (Christian certainty, or fides divina) is absolute  – “worthy of credence on its own account

1:374n1041

310

1:121

Fides humana, or ‘scientific certainty’, of the divine authority of Scripture.

1:375n1043

310n106

1:130 f.

Comparing the Holy Scriptures according to content and style with other "Bibles" in the world, e.g. the Koran.

1:375n1044

310n107

1:129

Christiantity “is an offense to the Jews and foolishness to the Greeks

1:375n1047

310n110

1:121-131

Apologetics / fides humana: “more reasonable to grant the divinity of Scripture than to deny it”

1:378n1055

313n113

1:136

The Holy Ghost …  testifies externally in the written Word and within the heart by working faith in the written Word that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures

1:387n1078

320n122

1:176

Unitarian  – the writings of St. John have been singled out as being particularly obscure

1:392n1094

324

1:168

Augustine: “For hardly anything is derived from those obscure passages but what is stated elsewhere most clearly." 

1:393n1099

326n129

1:169 ff.

External clarity of Scripture “is also the unanimous teaching of the dogmaticians”

1:399n1118

330n133

1:149

Neither the Jewish Church nor Christ recognized Apochrypha as canonical

1:399n1119

330n134

1:150 note b

Eusebius in his Church History lists the homologoumena and the antilegomena.

Christliche Dogmatik

v:ppp:xxxxx

Christian Dogmatics

ppp;nnnn

Baier-

Walther

Compendium

Notes

1:406n1124

336

1:153

A. Osiander, A. Hunnius, etc. agree with Chemnitz on canon of Scripture

1:406n1126

336n138

1:150, 153


1:406n1127

336n139

1:153

Gerhard’s weakness in speaking of second rank in canon of doctrine of Scripture.

1:423n1161

351

1:186

Baier: Men “cannot contradict [Scripture’s plain meaning] except against the protest of their conscience

1:425n1163

353n156

1:188 f.

Gerhard quote on authority of Scripture against Pope.

1:433n1172

358n162

1:139 ff.

The Symbols are a …  derived norm, because the doctrines confessed in our Symbols are taken from Scripture.

1:433n1174

358 

1:140 f.

The Symbols should not be called "inspired”.

1:446n1201

372n4

1:026 ff.

Heathen attempt to propitiate God by idol worship, sacrifices, asceticism, etc., and thus to silence their accusing consciences.

1:458n1223

381n11

1:131

Mohammedans / Koran

“Believe in God and in His messenger [Jesus], but say nothing of the Triad

1:462n1232

384n17

2:053 ff.

Kahnis, [Subordinationist] speaks of the Son and the Holy Ghost as "God in the second and third sense of the word." 

1:501n1314

409n47

2:057

Doctrine of Trinity, term of “person

1:504n1321

415n50

2:069

The Filioque became one of the points which caused the schism between the Eastern and the Western Churches … Augustine taught it

1:506n1323

417n53

2:064

Athanasian Creed (see BookOfConcord, Trigl. 31 ff

1:509n1329

419

2:069

Distinction between the Son's generation and the Spirit's procession

1:525n1347

429

2:011

“our finite and imperfect reason cannot comprehend the infinite perfection of God

1:527n1350

429n59

2:011

“Divine essence”  – 

1:534n1359

435n67

2:016

Positive attributes, such as life, knowledge, wisdom, holiness, righteousness, truth, power, love, goodness, grace, merey

1:537n1366

438

2:014

No carefully worded definition of God.

1:539n1370

439n73

2:018, 019

The dream of modern theosophists of a spiritual body which was solidified in and by the creation of the world

1:546n1382

445

2:024 ff.

Special presence of God?  – No

Christliche Dogmatik

v:ppp:xxxxx

Christian Dogmatics

ppp;nnnn

Baier-

Walther

Compendium

Notes

1:566n1430

460n101

2:044

Gerhard: “God is really good, He alone is good, and He is the cause of all goodness”

1:571n1439

468n2

2:098

heathen pantheism, heathen dualism 

1:571n1440

468n3

2:097 f.

Only he knows God who knows that He created the world from nothing

1:572n1441

469n4

2:079

Hexaemeron - 6-Day Creation: forces us to accept the days as days of twenty-four hours  – Luther over Augustine

1:574n1447

471n6

2:083

“Restitution theory” (or “Gap Theory”) of creation.

1:575n1450

471n8

2:084

According to the clear statement of Scripture there was light before sun, moon, and stars existed.

1:579n1457

475n13

2:087-88

6th Day  – Before Fall, no decay, animals not against Man, no poisonous plants.

1:582n1462

477n17

2:091 f.

Older Lutheran dogmaticians teach dichotomy of body and soul.

1:582n1463

477n18

2:093

There were no pre-Adamites

1:585n1471

479

2:096

The creatures were good because they were exactly as God desired them to be

1:586n1474

480n26

2:095

Creation the work of Trine God, not divided among Persons.

1:587n1476

480n27

2:096

Nor had there been any prevenient cause of creation accept solely the pleasure of God

1:591n1483

486n4

2:164 - 165 (pg # not cited  in Pieper)

divine providence extends even to the minutest creatures (Page in Baier not mentioned in CDk or CD)

1:595n1491

489n6

2:169

The so-called “laws of nature” are not something which differs from God's will and operation

1:598n1495

492n8

2:176

“According to the law of divine providence, which rules all things, it is correctly said that all things happen of necessity; from the standpoint of man everything in human affairs is done freely and contingency." ”

1:604n1508

500n6

2:108 f.

Angels clothed with some kind of ethereal body, a refined material fabric and the like, has no basis in Scripture

1:604n1509

500n7

2:109

Angels with assumed bodies really did eat

1:605n1509

501n7

2:113

Angels with assumed bodies

1:606n1511

501

2:111

The angels do not know all things

1:609n1515

503n10

2:117

"The immaterial soul fills no space, and still we can say where it is"

1:612n1521

506n14

2:163 f.

Hofmann has the notion that God needs the angels "to make Himself present to His world”.

1:613n1524

507n16

2:128

We should rejoice and take comfort in their service and carefuly avoid grieving angels.

1:615n1530

510n20

2:136 ff.


1:617n1534

515

2:143

Gen. 1:26-27: “Image” and “likeness” are synonyms

1:621n1544

519

2:146

Luther: “man as the noble creature who once bore the image of God and in whom God would recreate this image through faith in Christ”

1:626n1552

524n11

2:158

Baier's opinion that Eve had less knowledge of nature than Adam cannot be substantiated from Scripture

1:633n1564

529n16

2:275

Modern theology: nothing is sin, unless it be voluntary

1:636n1567

532n17

2:269

Heathen “show the work of the law written in their hearts…”

1:637n1570

3:351 ff.

On Sunday

1:637n1570

3:358-366

Usury (Wucher): Lehre und Wehre, Chemnitz, Luther

1:641n1572

534n20

2:274

God punishes sins with sins, yet the cause of sin is the will of the wicked, that is, of the devil and ungodly men

1:646n1580

538n23

2:291 f.

Original guilt … even some modern Lutherans insist that only that can he charged against man as a transgression which he has himself committed

1:648n1586

540n27

2:290

We may not and dare not measure the justice of God with a human yardstick.

1:649n1593

541

2:281

hereditary corruption  – only known by Holy Scripture

1:659n1609

550n35  – ref. omitted but quote given

2:294

Not Scripture, but the decretal of Pius IX, 1854, took Mary, in the interest of Mariolatry, out of the category of sinners and ascribed to her an immaculate conception

1:660n1610

550

2:295

hereditary corruption  – resides primarily in the soul, also body

1:662n1613

552n37

2:305

Why the eating of the forbidden fruit brought death to Adam and Eve  – by creating, first and foremost, doubt of God's Word

1:665n1616

554n39

2:305 f.

"This pestilence forms a part of the original corruption, which clings to us throughout our life on earth"

1:668n1626

557n42

2:300 ff.

The reasons which lead men to assert the freedom of will in spiritual matters - self-righteousness and self-conceit

1:674n1638

562n48

2:313 ff.

The truth of the Gospel is at stake when the weak brother insists that his error be acknowledged as the true doctrine.

1:677n1650

566n52

2:269

Erring conscience creates double jeopardy  – sinning if he does and sinning if he doesn’t

1:680n1659

568

Omitted ref.

2:324

“A secretly harbored implacability may be a more grievous sin than a word or deed prompted by a sudden burst of passion”

1:680n1661

568n58

2:325 ff.

Arminians hold essentially the same view as the Catholics on “venial sins” deserving only temporal punishment.

1:682n1666

570n62

2:322

Chemnitz on partaking of sins of others


The next listing, for Volume 2, will come in Part BWC2i after the translation of Volume 3 is completed.

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