tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-582292081366280432024-03-18T14:16:50.474-04:00Back To Luther... and the old (German) Missouri Synod.Back To Luther... and the old (German) Missouri Synod. Below are thoughts, confessions, quotations from a Missouri Synod Lutheran (born 1952) who came back to his old faith... and found more treasures than he knew existed in the training of his youth.
The great Lutheran lineage above: Martin Luther, C.F.W. Walther, Franz Pieper.BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.comBlogger1378125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-17834252597254401242024-03-17T09:58:00.000-04:002024-03-17T09:58:47.014-04:00RH2: "So much about the Missouri Synod": Hoffmann's report<div style="text-align: justify;"> This continues from <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/03/rh1-german-pastor-yes-no-on-missouri.html" target="_blank">Part 1</a> (Table of Contents in <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/03/rh1-german-pastor-yes-no-on-missouri.html#:~:text=%C2%A0%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D-,Table%20of%20Contents,-%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D%20%2D" target="_blank">Part 1</a>) in a series presenting Pastor's Hochstetter's critique of a German pamphlet on the Old Missouri Synod. — In this post we present an English translation of the full 33-page pamphlet that acknowledged "so much about the Missouri Synod." </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIwMtM6Y5Z79PUFOHE4kJFfGiw2QD0Iba6WkRSd8otNzPWbPh2JSgUgPSsPou38FXX_S0J6PIVcxLV7fctR124l-bE3Bb8yBz4E5XHJtZf9oH4Wk-xUlU6Bn1Izmv-DjLU_n1vHbEaAckapEzo-e0IyAkOOj2P1KGzPS7L-bdav7UiXk8Jop1AoGvPBw/s198/Luthardt,%20C.%20E.%20(later%20years,%20Wikipedia).jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Prof. Christoph Ernst Luthardt (Wikipedia)" border="0" data-original-height="198" data-original-width="146" height="148" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIwMtM6Y5Z79PUFOHE4kJFfGiw2QD0Iba6WkRSd8otNzPWbPh2JSgUgPSsPou38FXX_S0J6PIVcxLV7fctR124l-bE3Bb8yBz4E5XHJtZf9oH4Wk-xUlU6Bn1Izmv-DjLU_n1vHbEaAckapEzo-e0IyAkOOj2P1KGzPS7L-bdav7UiXk8Jop1AoGvPBw/w109-h148/Luthardt,%20C.%20E.%20(later%20years,%20Wikipedia).jpg" title="Prof. Christoph Ernst Luthardt (Wikipedia)" width="109" /></a></div> On the first page of Pastor Rudolf Hoffmann's narrative is a quote from <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nH5OAQAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&pg=PA15#v=snippet&q=Luthardt&f=false" target="_blank">Prof. <b>C. E. Luthardt</b></a>'s German state church newspaper that provided his motivation. It spoke of some Missourian leaning pastors in Germany who were disturbing a conference. I located the source of the quote and found the following sentences to show how these "Missourians" were received at the conference:</div><blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">The tone in which this happened is so well known that we need to qualify it in more detail. But because the closing prayer of Superintendent Fauck asked us to <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">forget the discord</span> in an extremely heartfelt and pleasant way, we should not take it upon ourselves to refresh our memory of the addresses in question by quoting <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">the offensive statements</span> here.</div></blockquote> <div style="text-align: justify;">So these "Missourians" had ruffled the feathers of the state churchmen. Pastor Hoffmann thus poses the question: "Would we [in Germany] have to sit learning at the feet of Missouri?". He uses this question to launch his investigation. — The following is my English translation, using machine translators, from the original German. Because there are no chapters, only long narratives, I have added my own "Table of Contents" to allow the reader quick access to various sections<a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/10wn3ok2-InWFO6JoArvIRcna7cInyJ4B3PuduOAARZ4/edit" target="_blank">:</a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">
<iframe height="600" src="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vSzM2VPt8RE8HSN8Bmbz-WuVMKJQM62KXj8HnhEtqDxtsRwkdUf9piWEXxvIbNsfg/pub?embedded=true" width="590"></iframe>
</div><div style="text-align: center;">A DOCX file of the above is available >> <b><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Fqb9oJf_51HO0D5h6YQWyFXT2xs-13i-/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=101561581649277893705&rtpof=true&sd=true" target="_blank">here</a> <<.</b> PDF of original <b><a href="https://archive.org/details/die-missouri-synode-in-nord-amerika-historisch-und-kritisch-beleuchtet/mode/1up" target="_blank">here</a></b>.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Because the writing above is focused on the <u>old</u> Missouri Synod (not the LC-MS) and its doctrinal differences with the German United, or Union, Church, I would encourage the reader to read Hoffmann's small 34-page pamphlet to get the full background of what was being said in Germany. — </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> A year after the above pamphlet appeared, in January and February of 1882, Pastor Christian Hochstetter would provide his critique in the pages of <i>Lehre und Wehre</i>. In the following blog posts, I present an enhanced translation of Hochstetter's 16-page article. I will reserve my comments on Hoffmann's writing until then. The presentation starts with the next <b>Part 3</b>.</div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-62606453156268958052024-03-14T10:29:00.003-04:002024-03-17T10:30:22.940-04:00RH1: German pastor: Yes & No on Missouri; Hochstetter's critique (Part 1 of 12)<div style="text-align: justify;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhduMmQi6GLc8GbFcc57Cfm8J4QD9t-wNHdYJPMaxBzO7xZjFLgfQzEyAYwjN12QY3NGbUrKd9dWB7DopfWrzxJs3uY8R5QNgir5wywzY3F4O5tb33ROxjK7-ocYGKBvnPQ0XC1WSgMwgG0JBGqv_0-CRNehyVFC7hf-5eXg5KJ8lguoYpLc38IkqHGWA/s374/Hochstetter,%20C.W.%20(from%20Haseley%20family%20photos,%20Bryce)-cropped2.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="374" data-original-width="255" height="157" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhduMmQi6GLc8GbFcc57Cfm8J4QD9t-wNHdYJPMaxBzO7xZjFLgfQzEyAYwjN12QY3NGbUrKd9dWB7DopfWrzxJs3uY8R5QNgir5wywzY3F4O5tb33ROxjK7-ocYGKBvnPQ0XC1WSgMwgG0JBGqv_0-CRNehyVFC7hf-5eXg5KJ8lguoYpLc38IkqHGWA/w107-h157/Hochstetter,%20C.W.%20(from%20Haseley%20family%20photos,%20Bryce)-cropped2.jpg" width="107" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pr. Christian Hochstetter</td></tr></tbody></table> While reviewing the essays in the Old Missouri Synod journal <i>Lehre und Wehre</i>, a lively article from <b>1882</b> caught my eye, for it concerned how Germany's pastors and theologians viewed the Missouri Synod in Walther's day, in the 19th century. The essay was by Pastor <b>Christian Hochstetter</b>, the one who would 3 years later write the well-known book <i><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2020/05/history-4a-hochstetters-foreword-1-of-2.html" target="_blank">The History of the Missouri Synod, 1838-1884</a></i> in <b>1885</b>. This 1882 essay was prompted by a pamphlet published in Germany in <b>1881</b> by a young pastor. Here is what Pastor Hochstetter stated about this pamphlet: </div><blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">To this day no report from German state-church circles has appeared in print which <b>acknowledges so much about the Missouri Synod</b> as this lecture by the late Pastor <b>R. [Rudolf] Hoffmann [RH]</b>.</div></blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">I suspect that Pastor Hochstetter became motivated to write his later great history in part because of the false judgments reported in <u>this</u> pamphlet. But the striking part about the pamphlet was just what Hochstetter alluded to, that Hoffmann did not ignore the incredible successes evident in the (Old) Missouri Synod. And so this pamphlet represents what I would call a "Yes and No" judgment on the Missouri Synod. Hochstetter uses this to reveal the remarkable ironies that Pastor Hoffmann presents.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUj7XTt65kMLhaJBHdgrYEBh_PW_HOx0wB_QxN4F59AyJATpm1OmEv34b1uuRcpl6HR_ZGIq1Kw1WrSnYQ69udpAZhNOiWfpD_gIPHltsBTEJRXFaOPPRNwkT3afmHGfDfTAGmXk-aQV71_8AE-mqTygjyWO521V9fyNnHERgJdy9Jg4Y-5gh7rDsFlA/s734/Title%20page.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Die Missouri-Synode in Nord-Amerika, historisch und kritisch beleuchtet : ein Vortrag (Title page)" border="0" data-original-height="734" data-original-width="413" height="242" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUj7XTt65kMLhaJBHdgrYEBh_PW_HOx0wB_QxN4F59AyJATpm1OmEv34b1uuRcpl6HR_ZGIq1Kw1WrSnYQ69udpAZhNOiWfpD_gIPHltsBTEJRXFaOPPRNwkT3afmHGfDfTAGmXk-aQV71_8AE-mqTygjyWO521V9fyNnHERgJdy9Jg4Y-5gh7rDsFlA/w136-h242/Title%20page.jpg" title="Die Missouri-Synode in Nord-Amerika, historisch und kritisch beleuchtet : ein Vortrag (Title page)" width="136" /></a></div> Hoffmann's 33-page pamphlet was entitled <i>The Missouri Synod in North America, Historically and Critically Examined: A Lecture</i> (Gütersloh, 1881) (<a href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/1407653246" target="_blank">WorldCat</a>). Although there was no online availability of the original publication before, there is <u>now</u>: >> <b><a href="https://archive.org/details/die-missouri-synode-in-nord-amerika-historisch-und-kritisch-beleuchtet/mode/1up" target="_blank">here</a> <<</b>. One discovers that Pastor Hoffmann was young when he wrote this pamphlet, about the age of 31. And he passed away at the end of 1880, just before his writing was published. His history is remarkable for his depth of reading in Old Missouri's early writings. Unfortunately I was unable to obtain a picture of him.</div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> Here are some examples of Hoffmann's "Yes and No" judgment of the <u>Old</u> Missouri Synod, most of which Hochstetter addresses in his critique:</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">"Yes":</span></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><ul><li>"Walther's [<a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nH5OAQAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&pg=PA15#v=snippet&q=%22Altenburg%20Theses%2C%20The.%201.%22&f=false" target="_blank">Altenburg] theses</a> were a resounding success" (p. 9)</li><li>"The greater right lay on the side of Missouri" vs. Pastor Grabau (p. 16)</li><li>"The doctrinal unity is built on the Lutheran Confession" (p. 20)</li><li>"the unshakeable consistency with which they rest on the symbolic books" (p. 23)</li><li>Walther's "astonishing wealth of thorough scholarship" (p. 24)</li><li>"highly commendable that they have uncovered the hidden treasures of doctrine" (p. 25)</li></ul></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">"No":</span></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><ul><li>"… difficult for anyone to agree with their democratic conception of Church and Ministry" (p. 16)</li><li>"excessive language" (p. 19)</li><li>Confessions are a "paper pope" (p. 28)</li><li>"exaggerated Lutheranism" (p. 28)</li><li>"arrogance of having pure doctrine" (p. 29)</li><li>"unbiblical and un-Lutheran radicalism" (p. 32)</li></ul></div><div style="text-align: justify;">We find judgmental "whiplash" throughout Hoffmann's writing that will be evident to the reader, German or American. — I first translated Hochstetter's critique, and learned much of what Pastor Hoffmann wrote about. So I became motivated to locate and scan a copy of Hoffmann's pamphlet because I wanted to learn <u>all</u> of what was being said about Missouri in Germany, because <u>so little</u> was written in Germany about the Missouri Synod, other than by <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2020/09/steeden-germanythen-now-brunn.html" target="_blank">Friedrich Brunn's Free Church</a>. In the next <b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/03/rh2-so-much-about-missouri-synod.html" target="_blank">Part 2</a></b>, we publish the translated text of Pastor Hoffmann, then in subsequent posts, we present Hochstetter's incisive critique of it translated into the English language. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - <b><span style="font-size: large;">Table of Contents</span></b> - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/03/rh1-german-pastor-yes-no-on-missouri.html" target="_blank">RH1</a>: Introduction; "Yes" and "No" judgments against the Missouri Synod</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/03/rh2-so-much-about-missouri-synod.html" target="_blank">RH2</a>: Hoffmann's pamphlet: <i>The Missouri Synod in North America, historically and critically examined</i>.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">RH3: Missourians disturb United Church in Germany; "must we sit at their feet?" </div><div style="text-align: justify;">RH4: “historical description” sourced from Köstering's book; constitution and congregations</div><div style="text-align: justify;">RH5: Missouri restricting church freedom?… compared to United (or Union) Church; Missouri grows</div><div style="text-align: justify;">RH6: Missourians disagree with Pastor Grabau; Hoffmann against Stephan, but <u>for</u> Grabau</div><div style="text-align: justify;">RH7: Hochstetter defends against Grabau (and Hoffmann); Grabau’s use of erring Lutheran teachers</div><div style="text-align: justify;">RH8: Not constitutional question, but doctrinal; calling not by Church <u>as a whole</u>, but <u>whole</u> Church</div><div style="text-align: justify;">RH9: <b>Christ</b>ocracy, not <b>dem</b>ocracy; State churchmen = servants of state authority, "only a glittering misery"</div><div style="text-align: justify;">RH10: Walther—Hoffmann criticizes, Hochstetter defends; “Thank God Missouri also errs”; <u>Yes</u> & <u>No</u> theology</div><div style="text-align: justify;">RH11: Irony of Hoffmann and his United (State) Church; Repristination theology?; Chiliasm</div><div style="text-align: justify;">RH12: Walther’s lament—don’t be another United Church; Iowa-Ohio shamed by German pastor</div><div style="text-align: justify;">RH13: Appendix: Exegesis; Revelation; Confessionalism</div><div style="text-align: justify;">RH14: Antichrist, Usury, Lutheran Orthodoxy, Predestination, Regeneration, Sunday/Sabbath</div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-20793456013253843242024-03-09T06:13:00.000-05:002024-03-09T06:13:20.640-05:00"According to a pure understanding": true unity of the Church<div style="text-align: justify;"> Ten years ago I did <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2014/03/is-it-enough-logia-14-congress-lc-ms.html#:~:text=Or%20could%20it%20be%20here%20that%20the%20Augsburg%20Confession%20means%20something%20much%20more%20than%20Sasse%27s%20understanding%3F%20%C2%A0Could%20the%20Augsburg%20Confession%20be%20quite%20serious%20at%20this%20point%20in%20emphasizing%20the%20pure%20Gospel%3F" target="_blank">a blog post</a> where I tried to expand upon the meaning of <b>Article VII of the Augsburg Confession</b> for the unity of the Church. Where Article VII spoke of agreement on "the doctrine of the Gospel", I asked the rhetorical question: "Could the Augsburg Confession be quite serious at this point in emphasizing <u>the <b>pure</b> Gospel</u>?" At that time I was not aware of what the original text said in the <u>German</u> version. Here are the relevant texts for comparison, as published in the venerable <i>Triglotta</i>:</div>(1) In the <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vQtIZfctcRYC&pg=RA1-PA47#v=onepage&q=%22And%20to%20the%20true%20unity%20of%20the%20Church%20it%20is%20enough%20to%20agree%20concerning%20the%20doctrine%20of%20the%20Gospel%20and%20the%20administration%20of%20the%20Sacraments%22&f=false" target="_blank"><b>English</b></a> it reads:<blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">And to the true unity of the Church it is enough to agree concerning <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">the doctrine of the Gospel</span> and the administration of the Sacraments.</div></blockquote><div>(2) In the <a href="https://books.google.com/books?pg=RA1-PA47&id=vQtIZfctcRYC&output=text#:~:text=Et%20ad%20veram,Pater%20omnium%20etc." target="_blank">original <b>Latin</b></a>, it reads as translated by <a href="https://translate.google.com/?sl=la&tl=en&text=Et%20ad%20veram%20unitatem%20ecclesiae%20satis%20est%20consentire%20de%20doctrina%20evangelii%20et%20administratione%20sacramentorum.%20&op=translate" target="_blank">Google Translate</a> and <a href="https://translate.yandex.com/?source_lang=la&target_lang=en&text=Et%20ad%20veram%20unitatem%20ecclesiae%20satis%20est%20consentire%20de%20doctrina%20evangelii%20et%20administratione%20sacramentorum." target="_blank">Yandex Translate</a>:</div><blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">And for the true unity of the church, it is enough to agree on <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">the doctrine of the Gospel</span> and the administration of the sacraments.</div></blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">(3) However the <a href="https://translate.google.com/?sl=de&tl=en&text=Denn%20dieses%20ist%20genug%20zu%20wahrer%20Einigkeit%20der%20christlichen%20Kirche%2C%20da%C3%9F%20da%20eintr%C3%A4chtiglich%20nach%20reinem%20Verstand%20das%20Evangelium%20gepredigt%20und%20die%20Sakramente%20dem%20g%C3%B6ttlichen%20Wort%20gem%C3%A4%C3%9F%20gereicht%20werden.%20&op=translate" target="_blank"><b>German</b> language version</a> is more explicit, for it does not want a misapplication of this article by opponents (DeepL/Google Translation):</div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">For this is enough for the true unity of the Christian Church, that the Gospel is with one accord [<i>einträchtiglich</i>] <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">preached <u><b>according to a <span style="font-size: medium;">pure understanding</span></b></u></span>, and the sacraments are administered according to the divine Word.</div></blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzj2DmysFvUnAcuO3QvkfVTJGqmNVNwKp85RrV6LLWuttyWEiH6n3WhBeEdSzGdtNVZhwRoDTTCwVGVWxxyCJxBRnCo9eU_xk97bvRntof-ZCOcUhJb3nWq2Vxr5A6ZSJMqVhzuVREyRG_ns4ZyiI3GzZR6-z8CY7CqWzfKa7JRDsNv_xQ9M1YYRAMOA/s275/Walther%20-%20Find-A-Grave%2017860085_1494475811%20(crop).jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="275" data-original-width="211" height="123" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzj2DmysFvUnAcuO3QvkfVTJGqmNVNwKp85RrV6LLWuttyWEiH6n3WhBeEdSzGdtNVZhwRoDTTCwVGVWxxyCJxBRnCo9eU_xk97bvRntof-ZCOcUhJb3nWq2Vxr5A6ZSJMqVhzuVREyRG_ns4ZyiI3GzZR6-z8CY7CqWzfKa7JRDsNv_xQ9M1YYRAMOA/w94-h123/Walther%20-%20Find-A-Grave%2017860085_1494475811%20(crop).jpg" width="94" /></a></div>So the simple phrase "the doctrine of the Gospel" is clarified by the addition of "according to a <b>pure understanding</b>" of this Gospel. The Roman Catholic and Reformed errors on the Gospel take away this "pure understanding". Now I have, in the German original text, a confirmation of my point that <u>all</u> disunity in the Church is caused by an <b>impure</b> understanding of the Gospel. And a <u>true</u> unity was restored by <b><span style="font-size: medium;">C. F. W. Walther</span></b> with <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/search/label/Walther%20on%20Justification" target="_blank">his pure teaching</a> of the <u>pure</u> Gospel, i.e. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div><div style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">the <u>Lutheran</u> Doctrine of Justification.</span></b></div></div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-83726944050350097132024-03-07T12:00:00.004-05:002024-03-12T08:38:27.123-04:00Luther on the Church in the End Times (Dan. 12:11-12), not in American Edition (yet)<div style="text-align: justify;"> Over 11 years ago I posted <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2012/10/pieper-luther-no-public-ministry-now.html" target="_blank">a blog</a> where <a href="https://archive.org/details/christiandogmati0003piep/page/449/mode/1up?q=%22It+may+happen+that+the+world+will+become+so+utterly+epicurean+that+we+shall+have+no+public+ministry+in+all+the+world+and+the+preaching+will+be+solely+epicurean+outrage%22" target="_blank">Pieper quoted Luther</a> to emphasize the necessity that the <u>pure Gospel</u> be preached in the <u>public</u> ministry, and the dire effects when it is lacking. Although the quote was powerful, yet I find that I had only translated the first of five paragraphs that were missing from the <i>American Edition of Luther's Works.</i> In the following, that will be rectified.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> As one reads the news today of what is going on in the world, a Christian will surely notice signs of the End Times. The marginalization of Christianity in the land of "<a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2021/09/lindemanns-religious-freedom-1876-real.html" target="_blank">religious freedom</a>" is certainly evident. And, as <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2022/08/dl7b-few-believe-pope-is-antichrist.html#:~:text=only%20a%20few%20still%20believe%20that%20the%20Pope%20is%20the%20real%20Antichrist" target="_blank">Friedrich Lochner pointed out</a> even in his day, few people believe the Pope (now Pope Francis) the Antichrist, yet there he is, sitting in the Church, exalting "himself above all that is called God". (2 Thess. 2:4)</div> <div style="text-align: justify;"> In the concluding paragraphs of Luther's Daniel commentary, he gives more details of the End Times, and thereby warns Christians of the dangers ahead. But the following is missing in the <i>American Edition</i> (<a href="https://archive.org/details/luthersworks0035unse/page/313/mode/1up?q=%22The+twelfth+chapter192+of+Daniel%E2%80%94+as+all+teachers+unanimously+interpret+it%22" target="_blank">volume 35, p. 313</a>), even though it is in the <i>Weimar Ausgabe</i> (<a href="https://archive.org/details/s12werkediedeuts11luth/page/120/mode/1up" target="_blank">here</a> and <a href="https://archive.org/details/s12werkediedeuts11luth/page/122/mode/1up" target="_blank">here</a>). According to the current <a href="https://communication.cph.org/hubfs/Luthers%20Works/Luther-Prospectus-2019.pdf#page=11" target="_blank">CPH Prospectus</a> ("included are the portions of his influential preface to Daniel"), it is promised to appear in the future, presumably volume 63. But readers of this blog do not have to wait. — From <a href="https://archive.org/details/Walch06/page/n481/mode/1up" target="_blank"><i>St. Louis Edition</i>, vol. 6, pp. 938-940</a>, §§ 14-18 [<a href="https://archive.org/details/st-l-06-deep-l-en/page/n485/mode/1up" target="_blank">EN</a>]<a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1a1CSa71in1C_qrJ03YafFC-wZn9DoLM5Wm2EXYWsdfs/edit" target="_blank">:</a> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -</div><div style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">Daniel 12:11-12</span></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div></div></div><blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"> And from the time that the <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">daily sacrifice</span> shall be taken away, and the abomination that maketh desolate set up, there shall be a thousand two hundred and ninety (1290) days. <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Blessed is he that waiteth</span>, and cometh to the thousand three hundred and five and thirty (1335) days.</span></div></div></blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIV4beKzZhXsF0p96zZ-rpQAswiSZBpZjLWrJIpPhsu5VIK6r6tsMLzj9hqJRfHL3Ob6xhiqoqxc0Dd52tH_I9-BbLBY2vbto8dDXv4jM-z2dlXZ2Iym7EdusPfNvyROJHalmysOXs2jNPqMtzOhrSi3Bzg98mgoj_TAL8nZxXj4rYjZn88gzpUiloow/s108/Luther,%20backtoluther%20blogspot%20header%20pic.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="108" data-original-width="76" height="108" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIV4beKzZhXsF0p96zZ-rpQAswiSZBpZjLWrJIpPhsu5VIK6r6tsMLzj9hqJRfHL3Ob6xhiqoqxc0Dd52tH_I9-BbLBY2vbto8dDXv4jM-z2dlXZ2Iym7EdusPfNvyROJHalmysOXs2jNPqMtzOhrSi3Bzg98mgoj_TAL8nZxXj4rYjZn88gzpUiloow/s1600/Luther,%20backtoluther%20blogspot%20header%20pic.png" width="76" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-9f0a7c82-7fff-1e1b-2ed2-c050034b19c5"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 14.7pt 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 13.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;">14</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> But I would like to interpret the daily sacrifice [</span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Dan. 12:11</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] in a spiritual way, that it is the Holy Gospel, which must remain until the end of the world, together with the faith and the Church. </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">But nevertheless it may happen that the world will become so epicurean that there will be no public preaching [or pulpit] in the whole world, and public speaking will be a vain epicurean outrage, and the Gospel will be heard only in houses by the fathers of the house</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">; and this will be the time between the words of Christ on the cross: </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Consummatum est</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> [</span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">“It is finished”</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">], and: </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Pater, in manus tuas commendo spiritum meum</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> [“Father, into thy hands I commend my spirit”, Luke 23:46]. For just as Christ lived a little after such </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Consummatum</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, [</span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">consummation</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">], so also the Church can remain a little after the public silence of the Gospel. And just as the daily sacrifice of the Jews was indeed done away with in the seventh week by the Apostles' council [</span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Acts 15:6</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">], and yet remained afterward until the destruction of Jerusalem, and was also kept by the Apostles themselves where they wished (but without necessity), so also the Gospel can publicly become dormant [</span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">liegen</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] and remain silent in the pulpit, </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">and yet be preserved by pious Christians in homes</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-Po2cit0tkxDSmcLBw6EGvDeQlyEz-31T-uzDmSC34rTfqb5223H5pyaYLgkekbswNg9FBGOFmHZgQG_bOouHCr2RcynnrzSz-bQkceOvHjf0tK_L2767aUCiHBcBf7KFnc4SaGZTPNkHLECfSkswl_E2wcRwtlAgxRuiEsi0h8jl6cBR8rSTzDBLEw/s193/there%20will%20continue%20to%20be%20little%20faith%20even%20in%20homes.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="there will continue to be little faith even in homes" border="0" data-original-height="77" data-original-width="193" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-Po2cit0tkxDSmcLBw6EGvDeQlyEz-31T-uzDmSC34rTfqb5223H5pyaYLgkekbswNg9FBGOFmHZgQG_bOouHCr2RcynnrzSz-bQkceOvHjf0tK_L2767aUCiHBcBf7KFnc4SaGZTPNkHLECfSkswl_E2wcRwtlAgxRuiEsi0h8jl6cBR8rSTzDBLEw/s16000/there%20will%20continue%20to%20be%20little%20faith%20even%20in%20homes.png" title="there will continue to be little faith even in homes" /></a></div><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 14.7pt 0pt 13.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;">15</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> But such misery should not last longer than 1290 days, that is, four and a half years; for without public preaching the faith cannot stand for long, because at this time the world also becomes more evil in one year. The last 1335 days will finally be evil, </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">so that there will continue to be little faith even in homes</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. Therefore He says: <span style="background-color: #d9ead3;">Blessed is he who endures until that Day</span>. As if to say, as Christ said [Luke 18:8]: “When the Son of Man comes, do you think he will find faith on earth?”</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 14.7pt 0pt 13.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;">16</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Almost all teachers</span> have spoken of such four and a half years, and all the books are full of them, </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">without pointing to the reign of the Antichrist</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> [</span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Endechrist</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">], which, according to the order of the text, Daniel does not suffer, who goes on to prophesy what is to happen after the fall of the Antichrist, and places these four and a half years after Michael, and after the oath of the angel on the water.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 14.7pt 0pt 13.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;">17</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> And although this interpretation seems as if one should be certain of the Last Day, which day or year it should come, that yet Christ denies knowing, Acts 1:7 and in the Gospel [Mark 13:32], yet it falls far short. First of all, if the sacrifice of the Gospel is made in public, </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">no one will be able to recognize the year or the day when it begins, since it cannot cease on one day in all sacrifices</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. On the other hand, even if it were already known when it should begin, the 1335 days are set above the 1290, which no one in the whole world would recognize. And in summary, I think that these 1335 days will not be publicly understood as being fulfilled on the Last Day. Unless God were to raise up a Noah, for example, who could count these same days and certainly fulfill them.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 14.7pt 0pt 13.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;">18</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">But I for myself am content with this, that the Last Day must be at the door</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">for the signs which Christ preached and the Apostles Peter and Paul have now almost all come to pass</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, and the trees are budding, the Scriptures are greening and blossoming. Whether we can't just know the day is not the point; another make it better; it is certainly all at the end.</span></p><div>- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -</div></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> Luther's powerful words are all the commentary I need on the Biblical teaching of the End Times, and the Antichrist, the Pope. May readers, and I, "endure until that day".</div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-85323181667780197332024-03-05T17:12:00.001-05:002024-03-08T06:14:00.153-05:00H6b: Pasche’s history, part 2: Germany–>America; to "the world-famous, truly Lutheran, Missouri Synod"<div style="text-align: justify;"> This concludes from <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/03/h6a-missouri-pastor-salzburger-f-e.html" target="_blank">Part 6a</a> (Table of Contents in <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/walther-on-hoe-von-hoeneggs-little-book.html" target="_blank">Part 1</a>) in a series that began with Walther's 1871 announcement of the republished "little book" by <b>Matthias Hoe von Hoenegg</b>, a book that gave instruction to <u>south</u> German Lutherans oppressed by Roman Catholics. — This concluding segment finishes my selection of snippets from Pastor F. E. Pasche's account of his Salzburger ancestry, and of himself.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_-gAYj3kGtg7KByG7XObcd0qpjNsZG6wMInBAdd2lRhr1VQi3CsZOstSMC33gnZCY_j-mH2hbJc0zhxVewGrLT7tIYSCpCHbQ6Do1aFr4YZSKGFgQqL4VhSlstkFwZUEE1zJhE-O4NZ2UUrq0jY-9cbsrn29-V_GpyJDiEtUmFJVB2QIj2ATSkxszAQ/s717/Pasche-picture,%20newspaper%20clip_004.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="717" data-original-width="412" height="224" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_-gAYj3kGtg7KByG7XObcd0qpjNsZG6wMInBAdd2lRhr1VQi3CsZOstSMC33gnZCY_j-mH2hbJc0zhxVewGrLT7tIYSCpCHbQ6Do1aFr4YZSKGFgQqL4VhSlstkFwZUEE1zJhE-O4NZ2UUrq0jY-9cbsrn29-V_GpyJDiEtUmFJVB2QIj2ATSkxszAQ/w129-h224/Pasche-picture,%20newspaper%20clip_004.jpg" width="129" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pasche and wife<br />c. 1940?</td></tr></tbody></table>- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-6ed36636-7fff-0a72-f3d5-1ca1d571fe2b"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 6pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">CHAPTER 4: Our new home where I was born</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">I, Frederick Emil Pasche, was born in the village of <a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/Baiersberg,+15328+Zechin-Buschdorf,+Germany/@52.5437976,13.6237199,10z/data=!4m6!3m5!1s0x47077a1bd673ca5b:0xa23c9924735c0825!8m2!3d52.6030549!4d14.4231469!16s%2Fg%2F1tdd8k3g?entry=ttu" target="_blank">Baiersberg, Germany</a>, April 8, 1872. Our village is forty-five miles from Berlin and five miles from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BCstrin-Kietz#:~:text=K%C3%BCstrin%2DKietz%20is%20a%20small,of%20the%20K%C3%BCstriner%20Vorland%20municipality." target="_blank">Kustrin on the Oder River</a> which flows northward into the Baltic Sea. …</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Our house was built with wood and clay, the roof being tiled. The trellis work, covered with grapevine …</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">We loved our home. My forefathers were lucky to be among those who were permitted to settle down here in the Oder Valley where the soil was exceptionally rich. …</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 6pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">CHAPTER 5: Our Church</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">… Our church was yet called a Lutheran church. But <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">many things have happened in Germany which deeply affected the Lutheran church</span>. Rationalism arose. … <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">the attempt of the State to combine the Protestant denominations, chiefly the Lutheran and Reformed into one church. This movement, called "The Union", began in Prussia</span> and then spread to other parts of Germany. …</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">What was to be done so that a truly Lutheran Church, unhindered by State control and freed from rationalistic unbelief, could flourish? … </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">A call for the organization of emigrants was issued, which met with a very hearty response</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. More than six hundred people signified their willingness to leave home and friends and try to build up their lives, and above all, their church, on the American frontier. … these people found themselves in a new country, ready to build their homes and…their church. </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">And what a great and wonderful church they were privileged to build</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">; </span><span style="background-color: #d9ead3; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">the world-famous, truly Lutheran, Missouri Synod</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. … </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">This is our church</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, a church of which we are proud. It teaches the Word of God …</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 6pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">CHAPTER 6: We go to America</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">… Mother…remained unshaken in her faith and taught us children to pray, and <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">she read with us from Spangenberg's Postil, a good old Lutheran sermon book</span> with Bible pictures in it.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">…Our good luck was that Mother's father had been good enough to deposit safely $400 for Mother before her marriage. And this sum was <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">just enough to bring us to America, the land of great plenty</span>. It was the end of November 1881, and the voyage over the Atlantic was extremely stormy.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 6pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">CHAPTER 7: The land where milk and honey flows</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">We came to America. It is good to be here. In the Old World many dangers threatened us. … </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">America is the land of liberty. We feel really at home here. We are happy. We sing "</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Country,_%27Tis_of_Thee" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">America</span></a><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">"</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.</span></p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijMRv7NFIT38r8h-vQZizm4Qrh1SC_mueb9Zhyt6Q_6Pt_rLqKoRsXGm_yiSF7AfcVAbWOmD95-pl3ngDJLXPpI8YdhDuKzwcxk2PQ_4QHyxGr77amJTsWYZ8YK93Gubi_8RMOY_qOOi5_fQGO7SFOrhjfJrr-STZfwE1TbEFlQshgE-ztx014dVR8jQ/s299/Hoe%20von%20Hoenegg%20-%20Wikipedia.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="299" data-original-width="224" height="145" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijMRv7NFIT38r8h-vQZizm4Qrh1SC_mueb9Zhyt6Q_6Pt_rLqKoRsXGm_yiSF7AfcVAbWOmD95-pl3ngDJLXPpI8YdhDuKzwcxk2PQ_4QHyxGr77amJTsWYZ8YK93Gubi_8RMOY_qOOi5_fQGO7SFOrhjfJrr-STZfwE1TbEFlQshgE-ztx014dVR8jQ/w108-h145/Hoe%20von%20Hoenegg%20-%20Wikipedia.jpg" width="108" /></a></div> While Pastor Pasche does not mention the names of <b>Hoe von Hoenegg</b> or Jacob Reihing, those names were likely known to him and his early ancestors, the Salzburger Emigrants. He mentions his mother's use of "<a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NhAqB3a1zpUC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Postilla.+Das+ist:+Gr%C3%BCndliche+und+deutliche+Auslegung+Derer+Evangelien+und+Episteln+inauthor:spangenberg&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiF_OuH3v2DAxUZhIkEHYmBDtYQ6AF6BAgMEAI#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank">Spangenberg's Postil</a>", a popular devotional book for the people. A <a href="https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1029&context=modlangfacpub#page=8" target="_blank">recent historian relates</a> (p. 26) that this book "stresses in particular how to … avoid <u>the delusions of the Papacy</u>". As this was the same function as Hoe von Hoenegg's "little book", we have come full circle to <span><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/walther-on-hoe-von-hoeneggs-little-book.html#:~:text=a%20favorite%20book%20of%20the%20people%20in%20Germany%20for%20two%20hundred%20years" target="_blank">Walther's comment</a></span>, from America, on Hoe's book, that it was "a favorite book <b>of the people</b> in Germany for two hundred years" and so this would also apply to the people of <u>South Germany</u>, now to America.</div><div> The above record is a most interesting read, of an individual, German born, Missouri Synod pastor. His account is much more edifying than that of <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2013/02/berthold-von-schenk-confusion-of.html#:~:text=this%20book%20of%20Berthold%20von%20Schenk%27s%20autobiography" target="_blank">Berthold von Schenk</a>. If any descendants of Pastor Pasche would like a copy of his 70-page "<a href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/13957853" target="_blank">Family Record</a>", with illustrations, send me an email. And if permission could be granted, I would publish whatever portion they would agree to be made public.</div><div> I have learned much from this series, much of it related to the Reformation and its after-effects in South Germany. Having travelled in Austria in my younger years, I knew that it remains largely a Catholic country. Walther's enthusiastic endorsement of Hoe and his <i><span><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/hoe2-evangelical-handbook-now-in.html" target="_blank">Evangelical Handbook</a></span></i> gave me the motivation to learn much more. Now I am not so ignorant of German history, of Lutheran history in Germany.</div></div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-1620231921214642922024-03-02T10:29:00.002-05:002024-03-05T17:14:58.685-05:00H6a: Missouri pastor, a "Salzburger": F. E. Pasche's personal account<div style="text-align: justify;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0eIIqt8OkacSc4e5DgnYNG4OHnR54ju0IROnEg5zOMnD826Uk7yVTFSjD8Fj08uEklrx74v97TLM7okOVA7yXUZYYIV4stypdAdgeEZSRX1JwPWUz_whIVLiBt6xMSMDL22Ox_k1JMloSjBxZs9Q5PflOVFWd7twWUz1jUlohcsFkJu2f5MrMnGH6pw/s114/Pasche,%20F.E.%20(Find-A-Grave)%20crop.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Pastor F. E. Pasche" border="0" data-original-height="114" data-original-width="81" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0eIIqt8OkacSc4e5DgnYNG4OHnR54ju0IROnEg5zOMnD826Uk7yVTFSjD8Fj08uEklrx74v97TLM7okOVA7yXUZYYIV4stypdAdgeEZSRX1JwPWUz_whIVLiBt6xMSMDL22Ox_k1JMloSjBxZs9Q5PflOVFWd7twWUz1jUlohcsFkJu2f5MrMnGH6pw/s16000/Pasche,%20F.E.%20(Find-A-Grave)%20crop.jpg" title="Pastor F. E. Pasche" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pastor F. E. Pasche</td></tr></tbody></table> This continues from <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/h5-salzburgers-emigration-they.html" target="_blank">Part 5</a> (Table of Contents in <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/walther-on-hoe-von-hoeneggs-little-book.html" target="_blank">Part 1</a>) in a series that began with Walther's 1871 announcement of the republished "little book" by <b>Matthias Hoe von Hoenegg</b>, a book that gave instruction to <u>south</u> German Lutherans oppressed by Roman Catholics. — For this concluding segment, we come to the 20th century, to a pastor of the Old Missouri Synod, Pastor <b><a href="https://www.google.com/search?q=Pasche+site%3Abacktoluther.blogspot.com&rlz=1C1UEAD_enUS1029US1029&oq=Pasche+site%3Abacktoluther.blogspot.com&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUyBggAEEUYOdIBCDk1ODNqMGo5qAIAsAIA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8" target="_blank">Frederick Emil Pasche</a></b> (1872-1954). Regular readers may remember his name <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2016/11/pasches-christliche-weltanschauung.html" target="_blank">from my Copernicanism series</a> as he was the most prominent pastor of the 20th century defending against Copernicanism. I learned from a library holding that Pastor Pasche had written a "Pasche Family Record" (<a href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/13957853" target="_blank">WorldCat</a>), and so obtained it. It was initially written in 1947. In the first section, he goes over the history of his ancestors, an ancestry going back <u>to the <span><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/#:~:text=1)-,East%20Prussia,-My%20familiarity%20with" target="_blank">Salzburgers in East Prussia</a></span></u>.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div> There are a number of helpful histories available on the South German Lutherans and the Salzbergers. But the following is one Missouri Synod pastor’s history which was written for his own descendants, not for the benefit of a wider audience. It was written 7 years before his passing, in 1947. I am certain that he draws on other histories, but he gives them a personal touch. And it is “biased”, as the “objectivists” would call it, biased as a <u>true</u> Lutheran would be. — The following brief excerpts from the "Pasche Family Record" have left out much of the “Family Record”, but have retained the material of interest to, and comfort for, all true Lutherans. Excerpts from <i><a href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/13957853" target="_blank">He Leadeth Me, or, The Wonderful Ways of God: the Life Story of a Lutheran Pastor</a></i><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/12wMENcPQQVAFNwkHD6_HU5SM2VzOE5cDNmALSw8If2Q/edit" target="_blank">:</a></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-10e9f402-7fff-87e8-69e9-1de143b281ae"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 6pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">CHAPTER 1: My forefathers' first country</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">At the time of the Lutheran Church Reformation </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">my forefathers lived in the Austrian crownland of Salzburg</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, on the Eastern slopes of the Alps …</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">God also had blessed them quite abundantly in spiritual and heavenly things. Here the doctrines of Luther were introduced at an early period. Here Staupitz, the friend of Luther, spent the last years of his life; here </span><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nH5OAQAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&pg=PA723#v=onepage&q=%22Speratus,%20Paul%22&f=false" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Paul Speratus</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, Urban Rhegius, and others, spread the Gospel during the Reformation; here </span><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg_Scherer_(M%C3%A4rtyrer)" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">George Sharer [Georg Scherer</span></a><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, no English Wikipedia</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] was beheaded in 1528 for his Lutheran witness. </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Here Luther's Bible translation and Catechism and the Augsburg Confession were cherished and, despite all attempts of the Salzburg archbishops to extirpate Lutheranism, remained in the mountains and valleys and mines of the Alpine country.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5Fc-8hORNFnOzQlrkDNWXyZivBB3BVKggbvn9bNKWJgWJ2n3Domghc62SzlmxJZyMWNNPEB5xyo4dlJNGrXH1WN1HbdZx-ksVImC5b5sL6ikSqH7X7lMkodCtgM88e97LHf2_4C_Au9_tW4g_xy4lnEH6EgpizBj5C5cYYclOrv04SI3zOEkpO2zfMQ/s260/Lutheranism%E2%80%A6%20remained%20in%20the%20mountains%E2%80%A6%20through%20the%20Bible.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Lutheranism… remained in the mountains… through the Bible" border="0" data-original-height="84" data-original-width="260" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5Fc-8hORNFnOzQlrkDNWXyZivBB3BVKggbvn9bNKWJgWJ2n3Domghc62SzlmxJZyMWNNPEB5xyo4dlJNGrXH1WN1HbdZx-ksVImC5b5sL6ikSqH7X7lMkodCtgM88e97LHf2_4C_Au9_tW4g_xy4lnEH6EgpizBj5C5cYYclOrv04SI3zOEkpO2zfMQ/s16000/Lutheranism%E2%80%A6%20remained%20in%20the%20mountains%E2%80%A6%20through%20the%20Bible.jpg" title="Lutheranism… remained in the mountains… through the Bible" /></a></div><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">It remained in the mountains long after the pastors were banished, through the Bible and the Lutheran writings. The miners sang the hymns of Luther and Speratus. The Lutheran books, for which the archbishops hunted, were hid in cellars and secret places in walls</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. …</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The last edict of yet more cruel banishment was issued in 1731. <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2021/09/freedom3-austriastaupitz-schaitberger.html#:~:text=Then%2C%20in%201732%2C%20King%20Frederick%20William%20of%20Prussia%20threatened%20that%2C%20%5BPage%2018%5D%20if%20the%20archbishop%20did%20not%20change%20his%20procedure%2C%20the%20numerous%20Catholics%20in%20Prussia%20should%20pay%20for%20it" target="_blank">Frederick William I of Prussia received twenty thousand fugitives in his kingdom</a>, while a small number found refuge in the state of Georgia in America.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 6pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">CHAPTER 2: How they were ousted from their country.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Firmian, the archbishop of Salzburg, had the most splendid palaces and gardens. He loved riches, was stingy, but given to drunkenness and wild life. When in the heat of much drink he was told that there were yet many secret heretics in his beautiful land he swore to exterminate all heretics from his land</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> … He launched a harder persecution than ever before.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Then the Lutherans united in a firm covenant. August 5, 1731, more than a hundred of their representatives descended from the surrounding mountains to an inn at Schwarzach, were seated around a table, took salt, and made an oath never to deny the true evangelical faith, but rather be steadfast in it in life and death. …</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdJfSHOuRMjwV00iLlS5ZJqkZmMb90BwhH56P_ZCmwHws0N2-X6n9aOlEgXKtRZYjOXFBf8Ke-u14TzMGsebmRRAgTM-gQUhBNMz3J6ZhTKGZ06m6SlYZcLWNltEvJc2jdntGb4AlmHB7zDXSb4QrQymGAKuOSNew2X5fHY5zY0e3pLI4atC81J8tMVg/s189/Firmian%E2%80%A6%20treated%20them%20as%20rebels.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Firmian… treated them as rebels" border="0" data-original-height="51" data-original-width="189" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdJfSHOuRMjwV00iLlS5ZJqkZmMb90BwhH56P_ZCmwHws0N2-X6n9aOlEgXKtRZYjOXFBf8Ke-u14TzMGsebmRRAgTM-gQUhBNMz3J6ZhTKGZ06m6SlYZcLWNltEvJc2jdntGb4AlmHB7zDXSb4QrQymGAKuOSNew2X5fHY5zY0e3pLI4atC81J8tMVg/s16000/Firmian%E2%80%A6%20treated%20them%20as%20rebels.jpg" title="Firmian… treated them as rebels" /></a></div><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">But then and there these Lutherans also resolved to send spokesmen to all the Protestant rulers in Germany with the request to do something for them. This was emphatically done by the Prussian king who spoke for them before the Emperor and realm. </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The infamous archbishop Firmian … treated them as rebels</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> who stirred up sedition and disorder, and he asked the papistic Emperor to help him subdue them. The Emperor acted as if he believed </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">the rebellion fiction</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> and </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">sent six thousand soldiers "to quench the rebellion"</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. … now they could not get away as all passes were guarded and emigration was stamped a crime which sharpened the punishment. But two men managed to slip by the guards that watched the border and got through to Berlin. Here Frederick William I received them friendly and promised them to do all he could for them on the day when they would be driven from their native country.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">That day was soon to come. In November 1731, the decree of emigration was issued: All those that owned no immovable property were to leave within eight days and all owners of such property must leave within three months. This decree, too, was <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">a shameless breach of the <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nH5OAQAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&pg=PA542#v=snippet&q=%22Peace%20of%20Westphalia%22&f=false" target="_blank">Westphalian Treaty of Peace</a></span> according to which all were guaranteed a full three years of time before their free and unmolested departure. </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">But this intolerant archbishop claimed that the Westphalian Treaty of 1648 was not binding in this case because, he said, these people were not mere religious renegades but rebels</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">How hard the lot of these poor people now became. Winter set in, but leave they must. … They were promised to be set free if they would swear off the Lutheran faith within fifteen days and again become Roman Catholic which, however, very few did</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Thus these suffering persecuted fugitives left their beloved Southern homes and wandered through foreign lands in a cold world. In several troops and at different times, from November 1731 until November 1732, thirty thousand of these people thus emigrated.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">… [God] directed all these things for their best. He already had prepared a new and good place for them afar North. … </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Then their mouth was filled with laughter and their tongue with singing. </span></p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-587e22cc-7fff-f362-e834-67439a0db0d9"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - <i>Concluded in Part 6b</i> - - - - - - - - - - </span></p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> It was good for Pasche to scoff at the false charges by Catholic leaders that the Lutherans were "rebels", calling this a "rebellion fiction". Even <span><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/#:~:text=1)-,East%20Prussia,-My%20familiarity%20with" target="_blank">today's modern Salzburgers</a></span> in East Prussia may be falling for this fiction. While Salzburg, Austria, may claim that it is tolerant towards Evangelicals, yet its website <a href="https://www.visit-salzburg.net/sights/christuskirche.htm#:~:text=Before%20we%20sound,political%20statement.">visit-Salzburg.net</a>, although hosted by <a href="https://www.visit-salzburg.net/subs/about.htm" target="_blank">local people</a> and not the government, states the following:</div><blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">“Before we sound all too critical about the expulsion of Protestants: <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Lutheran theology was</span> <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">only one side of the medal</span>; for centuries, religious conflicts were only one aspect of social and political warfare. In a Catholic state with a Bishop as the landlord, <span style="background-color: #f4cccc;">a Protestant denomination was automatically a subversive if not hostile political statement</span>.”</div></blockquote>Without clarification, this leaves the impression of placating its Catholic citizenry, and allowing that the Evangelicals, as Christians, were "subversive" under Catholic rule. The editors of this website may want to learn more about the "Peace of Westphalia, 1648" and why Firmian's ruling was <u>illegal</u> in that it did not allow the proper period of time for the emigrants to prepare. (This reasoning will likely be the reasoning used by the opponents of Christianity here in America in the future.) — In the next <b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/03/h6b-pasches-history-part-2.html" target="_blank">Part 6b</a></b>, we conclude these excerpts, and this series, on South German Lutherans.<div></div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-2859249078670834882024-02-27T06:20:00.002-05:002024-03-02T10:30:33.742-05:00H5: Salzburgers' emigration: "they went…singing hymns"; now in Georgia, a "reconciliation"?<div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVn07iRAawWqsHdjRY4leBsnsVdrC_n3TsMrDmLuQMDpuEc8hvaHWOo655xs_Q_vION3CS17gsQa0lStoBCAbnnBbAK8lIk7rPriJJWP2DB1Wd3oqU2gzr1W45r6OYYjo9f2AsMf_ItYzCo6Y6dCWq8TnYfoxVm-2FuMXjdzH07seAXH3zz9N6yKmTAQ/s998/Brock,%20Paul-%20Die%20Salzburger%20in%20Ostpreussen,%20Emigrants%201732%20(p.%2021).jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Train of Salzburg emigrants in 1732" border="0" data-original-height="624" data-original-width="998" height="188" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVn07iRAawWqsHdjRY4leBsnsVdrC_n3TsMrDmLuQMDpuEc8hvaHWOo655xs_Q_vION3CS17gsQa0lStoBCAbnnBbAK8lIk7rPriJJWP2DB1Wd3oqU2gzr1W45r6OYYjo9f2AsMf_ItYzCo6Y6dCWq8TnYfoxVm-2FuMXjdzH07seAXH3zz9N6yKmTAQ/w300-h188/Brock,%20Paul-%20Die%20Salzburger%20in%20Ostpreussen,%20Emigrants%201732%20(p.%2021).jpg" title="Train of Salzburg emigrants in 1732" width="300" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div> This continues from <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/h4-hoes-book-200-year-favorite-for.html" target="_blank">Part 4</a> (Table of Contents in <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/walther-on-hoe-von-hoeneggs-little-book.html" target="_blank">Part 1</a>) in a series that began with Walther's 1871 announcement of the republished "little book" by <b>Matthias Hoe von Hoenegg</b>, a book that gave instruction to <u>south</u> German Lutherans oppressed by Roman Catholics. — We now go deeper into the history of the Salzburger Emigration and follow them to two of their destinations: (1) East Prussia and (2) America: </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitIYJcUVMULB6DCv-5d2CfSyPWU88TjcNODR0DStWR2tUCLV5lCWtseSxPymZTQVTJDJYU735EIMzfQP8WQZUxWbInhlrBPhvSxF7uZI0B3yLcAg6jvu9yi3c79Q5CwhZ_KMRwYvwkxhtGWhW0Lxu1nrtlIFiXpH8hiG2TDtNAb1rXDvGegdLaUQQ5fw/s4019/Salzberger%20emigration%20map%20(East%20Preussia).jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Salzburger emigration (from Salzburg to Nuremberg, to Berlin, to East Prussia)" border="0" data-original-height="3822" data-original-width="4019" height="173" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitIYJcUVMULB6DCv-5d2CfSyPWU88TjcNODR0DStWR2tUCLV5lCWtseSxPymZTQVTJDJYU735EIMzfQP8WQZUxWbInhlrBPhvSxF7uZI0B3yLcAg6jvu9yi3c79Q5CwhZ_KMRwYvwkxhtGWhW0Lxu1nrtlIFiXpH8hiG2TDtNAb1rXDvGegdLaUQQ5fw/w182-h173/Salzberger%20emigration%20map%20(East%20Preussia).jpg" title="Salzburger emigration (from Salzburg to Nuremberg, to Berlin, to East Prussia)" width="182" /></a></div><b><span style="font-size: large;">1) East Prussia</span></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> My familiarity with this area has been minimal, but that increased as I learned of some events surrounding the story of the 20,000 re-settled Salzburg emigrant Lutherans who were given some available lands in north Germany by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_William_I_of_Prussia" target="_blank">King Frederick William of Prussia</a>. More details of their travels are available at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salzburg_Protestants#Emigration_to_Prussia" target="_blank">this Wikipedia article</a>, and at "The Red Brick Parsonage" <a href="https://redbrickparsonage.wordpress.com/tag/salzburgers/#:~:text=Then%2C%20in%20disdain%20and%20defiance%20of%20everyone%2C%20the%20archbishop%20issued%20his%20infamous%20Emigration%20Proclamation%20(Emigrationspatent)23%20dated%20October%2031%2C%201731%2C%20in%20which%20all%20evangelicals%20were%20publicly%20ordered%20to%20move%20out%20of%20the%20country" target="_blank">here</a>. (See <a href="https://ostpreussen.de/uploads/media/Die_Salzburger_in_Ostpreussen.pdf#page=17" target="_blank">the map at left</a> for a general idea of their route.)</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> The following is a translation from a <a href="https://search.worldcat.org/title/9501490719" target="_blank">1965 East Prussian book</a> (<a href="https://ostpreussen.de/uploads/media/Die_Salzburger_in_Ostpreussen.pdf#page=11" target="_blank">pp. 21-22)</a> about the emigration which included "a rather vivid report on the arrival of a train of emigrants in the … Imperial City of Memmingen":</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjz_GPJ6fSBTREDOo2PwbRmSdcyby8MrgUx7y2X3OVuYWR_38SoI6a_zMwsgr-BIsZnqt5ypS3KnmqE9ZkuHEbhvddFrFayAHLPzxxHlS60sGQswTfrJjgKZgZ8q26epynJ3kpWNuiIjV8H7XDPg8IPPNYCsu2-5x9hpsvs82DhVPd8nqwb-RTNTxHKSA/s2550/East%20Prussia%20-%20Die_Salzburger_in_Ostpreussen%20,%20cover.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2550" data-original-width="1776" height="257" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjz_GPJ6fSBTREDOo2PwbRmSdcyby8MrgUx7y2X3OVuYWR_38SoI6a_zMwsgr-BIsZnqt5ypS3KnmqE9ZkuHEbhvddFrFayAHLPzxxHlS60sGQswTfrJjgKZgZ8q26epynJ3kpWNuiIjV8H7XDPg8IPPNYCsu2-5x9hpsvs82DhVPd8nqwb-RTNTxHKSA/w179-h257/East%20Prussia%20-%20Die_Salzburger_in_Ostpreussen%20,%20cover.jpg" width="179" /></a></div></div><blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">"... it seemed to me at the time as if I saw before me with the greatest emotion a vivid picture of the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt. There was a mixture of stooping, trembling old men with white hair, strong men and young men in their prime: exhausted and weary old women with powerful women and beautiful young girls. …<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">But anyone who thought that these homeless people, as they approached us, would have filled everything with lamentation and wailing and mourned their pitiful fate with cries that pierced the clouds and streams of tears, would be very much mistaken</span>. It is true that the bystanders were moved by the sight, that tears rolled down their cheeks and their compassion was expressed in sighs. <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">But they [the Emigrants] themselves resembled triumphants and were similar to the old Christian martyrs, of whom it is said that they went to their fate singing hymns</span>. <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">So these confessors of ours approached us singing, and singing they left the city again</span>, driven out of their homeland, wandering through many dangers on rough paths in lands unknown to them, without knowing where they would one day find a home and a permanent abode."</div></blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hh3-S9TE_N8C&lpg=PP1&pg=PR7#v=onepage&q=%22The%20Legend%22&f=false" target="_blank">Modern scholars</a> tend to call reports such as the above "legend". A <u>full</u> English machine translation of this 51-page booklet is available <b><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1-1zFAS03NRNBwvRp8yHM3c5xQ_lrpTDWKN5VAJH7p3s/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank">here</a></b>, German text <b><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1qgC59_vIBQhYwQYOhX5Z-wcd5scirvGQ/edit" target="_blank">here</a></b>. (Or view immediately <span style="color: red;"><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/h5-salzburgers-emigration-they.html#more" target="_blank">below</a></span>) See pages 17-18 for a closer account of the Catholic actions leading up to the expulsion. This book was produced by Salzburger descendants, not by objectivist unbelieving scholars. I have added highlighting to certain portions of interest, for example page 47, of an association to preserve "the heritage of ancestors expelled from the Salzburg region <u>because of their Lutheran faith</u>". I have also highlighted some problematic points. [<span style="color: red;">See the next blog post Part 6a about this.</span>]</p><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghrXnzUKvjqjixBIpb75IsVVQGcWq3YiglyNWSG39dW24RbzEEhNU2LJtFW9Eqtp3IHeWkGn9DsCZKseFqwvEbuTm3oGs074ua3E1sj3qImD6UuMfRJ10WXZCIIueDm19pyOcuAdfk0RIt93KeZYvFLbW90El1tz_blqnDOtn7AdBCGUx4paZn4sY5wQ/s4019/Salzberger%20emigration%20map%20(to%20America).jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="ostpreussen.de map, Salzburgers' route to America" border="0" data-original-height="3822" data-original-width="4019" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghrXnzUKvjqjixBIpb75IsVVQGcWq3YiglyNWSG39dW24RbzEEhNU2LJtFW9Eqtp3IHeWkGn9DsCZKseFqwvEbuTm3oGs074ua3E1sj3qImD6UuMfRJ10WXZCIIueDm19pyOcuAdfk0RIt93KeZYvFLbW90El1tz_blqnDOtn7AdBCGUx4paZn4sY5wQ/w223-h212/Salzberger%20emigration%20map%20(to%20America).jpg" title="ostpreussen.de map, Salzburgers' route to America" width="223" /></a></div><b><span style="font-size: large;">2) America (Georgia)</span></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> At right is the same map as above, but showing where the Salzburg Emigrants split up at Nuremberg, a small portion going to America. The story of those who settled in Georgia is well reported by the <a href="https://govisitebenezer.com/georgia-salzburger-society/the-salzburgers/" target="_blank">Georgia Salzburger Society</a>. — One then naturally wonders how the descendants are maintaining the steadfastness of their ancestors — the ones who loved the doctrines of Scripture? … the doctrines that Hoe von Hoenegg defended? One finds that there remains a Lutheran church in their settlement to this day, the <a href="https://govisitebenezer.com/sites/jerusalem-lutheran-church/#:~:text=the%20oldest%20continuous%20worshiping%20Lutheran%20Church%20in%20America.%20Established%20in%201733" target="_blank">Jerusalem Lutheran Church</a>, "the oldest continuous worshiping Lutheran Church in America", established in 1733. But the congregation is associated with the ELCA, a synod which is Lutheran in name only. Surely the congregation was embarrassed when the ELCA came to an agreement with the Roman Catholic Church in 1999, with the so-called "<a href="https://lutheranworld.org/what-we-do/unity-church/joint-declaration-doctrine-justification-jddj#:~:text=The%20Joint%20Declaration%20on%20the,theological%20conflicts%20of%20the%20Reformation." target="_blank">Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification</a>". Then one learns of a "Reconciliation" <a href="https://govisitebenezer.com/georgia-salzburger-society/salzburger-park/#:~:text=Dr.%20Hans%20Katschthaler%2C%20then%20Governor%20of%20the%20State%20of%20Salzburg%2C%20commissioned%20Anton%20Thuswaldner%2C%20a%20renowned%20Austrian%20sculptor%2C%20to%20chisel%20the%20figures%20of%20the%20exiles%20on%20the%20stone" target="_blank">initiated</a> by a government, not a Catholic Church, official of Austria who commissioned a stone monument. The monument was <a href="https://govisitebenezer.com/georgia-salzburger-society/salzburger-park/#:~:text=was%20first%20displayed%20in%20May%201994%20with%20a%20ceremony%20held%20in%20front%20of%20Christ%20Lutheran%20Church%20on%20the%20Salzach%20River%20in%20Salzburg%2C%20Austria.%20A%20delegation%20of%20the%20Georgia%20Salzburger%20Society%20was%20in%20attendance%20when%20Dr.%20Katschthaler%20and%20the%20people%20of%20Salzburg%20unveiled%20and%20dedicated%20the%20monument" target="_blank">first displayed</a> at the famous <a href="https://christuskirche.at/ueber-uns/christ_church/" target="_blank">Christ Church (Lutheran) in Salzburg</a> in May 1994 before it was shipped to Georgia. At that unveiling, it was <a href="https://govisitebenezer.com/georgia-salzburger-society/salzburger-park/#:~:text=speakers%20celebrated%20the%20new%20gesture%20of%20reconciliation%20between%20Catholics%20and%20Protestants" target="_blank">stated</a> that the "speakers celebrated the new gesture of <b><u>reconciliation</u> between Catholics and Protestants</b>." The monument was placed in Salzburger Park in Savannah, Georgia.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuetUCr85Bx-NEazWmi2W1J9c_92OjCH2R2zRI79FsKO8nq9x2wnnzxaheNWEhLgFkjsN1YelIC9eiMXNc-ToHVXIaIxYNm64sqc7kC-cgJgXvfhBRTM0H8I_S9s5hUU-qZDvdDbadzA5hUxziA5xlr9FLbeMxCzzzXY-WYJSlG30F-1DvzePrmWHmWw/s556/savannah_salzburger_monument_of_reconciliation.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Salzburger Monument of Reconciliation (Savannah, Georgia)" border="0" data-original-height="546" data-original-width="556" height="188" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuetUCr85Bx-NEazWmi2W1J9c_92OjCH2R2zRI79FsKO8nq9x2wnnzxaheNWEhLgFkjsN1YelIC9eiMXNc-ToHVXIaIxYNm64sqc7kC-cgJgXvfhBRTM0H8I_S9s5hUU-qZDvdDbadzA5hUxziA5xlr9FLbeMxCzzzXY-WYJSlG30F-1DvzePrmWHmWw/w192-h188/savannah_salzburger_monument_of_reconciliation.jpg" title="Salzburger Monument of Reconciliation (Savannah, Georgia)" width="192" /></a></div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Then in 1996, the State of Georgia placed an Historical Marker near the monument which states that the monument was "in memory of the Lutheran Protestants of Salzburg who were denied religious freedom and expelled from their homeland." — One wonders that the <u>Governor</u> of the State of Austria had to apply some pressure on the <u>Catholic</u> officials to participate… or did they participate? Did those at the commemoration sing Luther's hymn "A Mighty Fortress Is Our God" (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031119094158/http://www.lutheran-hymnal.com/lyrics/tlh262.htm" target="_blank">TLH 262</a>) or "<a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2015/02/most-controversial-protestant-hymn-c.html" target="_blank">Lord, Keep Us Steadfast in Thy Word</a>" (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060327062531/http://www.lutheran-hymnal.com/lyrics/tlh261.htm" target="_blank">TLH 261</a>) at this ceremony? (I have my doubts.) Or did they sing the Catholic "<a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2023/03/walther-unbelievable-salve-regina-in-ev.html" target="_blank">Salve Regina</a>"? — </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYG1xsTBXOeGiGbiSEz3p-oqS1AdQVRHovsDSp6PHlZYM81aSJunhIK_pmK3hNHsh42lIO_2WIdXo_toUZ0GeiB_1eD7fKShtNfC7pIOp1h32zVArGlANvR4-UmTRZmq4COOu0EDlNo8fYVixCGOIVpfPRU7vfiBJDNBUcr6uerp_IeONda8wfSt0oWw/s267/Jerusalem%20Church%20(Georgia%20Salzburgers).jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Jerusalem Lutheran Church, "the oldest continuous worshiping Lutheran Church in America"" border="0" data-original-height="242" data-original-width="267" height="166" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYG1xsTBXOeGiGbiSEz3p-oqS1AdQVRHovsDSp6PHlZYM81aSJunhIK_pmK3hNHsh42lIO_2WIdXo_toUZ0GeiB_1eD7fKShtNfC7pIOp1h32zVArGlANvR4-UmTRZmq4COOu0EDlNo8fYVixCGOIVpfPRU7vfiBJDNBUcr6uerp_IeONda8wfSt0oWw/w183-h166/Jerusalem%20Church%20(Georgia%20Salzburgers).jpg" title="Jerusalem Lutheran Church, "the oldest continuous worshiping Lutheran Church in America"" width="183" /></a></div> Do the Lutherans of the Jerusalem Lutheran Church not realize that the separation of Church and State in Austria only came about by the influence of <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2021/09/lindemanns-religious-freedom-1876-real.html#:~:text=This%20Part%201%20begins%20with%20why%20this%20subject%20is%20so%20important%20and%20presents%20a%20stunning%20quote%20from%20a%20%22magisterial%22%20explanation%20of%20the%20First%20Amendment%C2%A0by%20Supreme%20Court%20Justice%20Joseph%20Story%20that%20puts%20the%20%22Freedom%20from%20Religion%22%20advocates%20to%20shame%20and%20should%20be%20memorized" target="_blank">America's "First Amendment</a>", and that <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_Constitution#:~:text=freedom%20of%20religion%20(articles%2014%20and%2015)" target="_blank">the Catholic Church did not initiate this so-called "reconciliation</a>"? — Prof. Dr. Korey Maas stated in an essay in <a href="http://www.ctsfw.net/media/pdfs/MaasLutherandLiberalism.pdf#page=4" target="_blank"><i>CTQ</i> 2019, pp. 230-231</a> (emphasis mine):</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><blockquote>If one of the central principles of liberalism, for example, is <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">a religious liberty such as that codified in a separation of church and state</span>, it must be admitted that <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><b>this is not</b>, contrary to [George] Weigel, <b>a long-held or “basic” Catholic belief</b></span>. <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">It was a principle explicitly rejected</span> as “absolutely false” and “a most pernicious error” by popes as recently as the twentieth century.</blockquote></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Dr. Maas exposes <a href="https://www.firstthings.com/web-exclusives/2013/06/the-ldquoedict-of-milanrdquo-years-later#:~:text=one%20might%20even,coercion%20of%20consciences" target="_blank">a statement</a> made by a current prominent American Catholic spokesman (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Weigel" target="_blank">George Weigel</a>), for what it is, a brazen falsehood.</div><div style="text-align: justify;">===>>> Can the congregation in Georgia, "the oldest continuous worshiping Lutheran Church in America", in good conscience, sing the truly Lutheran hymns <u>now</u> as their ancestors sang them during their forced emigration?</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> In the next <b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/03/h6a-missouri-pastor-salzburger-f-e.html" target="_blank">Part 6a</a>, </b>we come back to the Salzburgers who settled in East Prussia, and find a connection with the Old Missouri Synod.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red;">[The East Prussian book quoted above</span><span style="color: red;">, in English,</span><span style="color: red;"> may be viewed directly in <b>the window below</b><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1-1zFAS03NRNBwvRp8yHM3c5xQ_lrpTDWKN5VAJH7p3s/edit" target="_blank">:</a>]</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red;"><br /></span></div><span><a name='more'></a><br /></span></div>
<iframe height="550" src="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR_-PqGGkDCBZ5ibdc6ZaYagpYMCn1aYKuKKMzaDqjTKPSz8I6jbMKKiSZo_OJZfR_cfFrhAyHACeqp/pub?embedded=true" width="650"></iframe>
BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-64140692033129198582024-02-24T07:36:00.002-05:002024-02-27T06:25:39.906-05:00H4: Hoe's book, 200-year favorite, for South Germany; Salzburg expulsion of 1731<div style="text-align: justify;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFT0t76Mcron1ddo4VETjrjkc4QAmdQaBQxOP2tSRgX5-nBoQGq73jNawuMg8XrfLq6H6apFhPV2Cg0GDoVpoHbW3b3BwbYHLWQ9MYBDAYwntrRDNpxFpCjb37L53XEIspcizvad5S85vcmR5k9yAOCXi5656itNw5GLMu-9vgE-GD-DOLj-6VS19cwg/s1379/Upper%20Germany%20map%20(Wikipedia).jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" data-original-height="199" data-original-width="190" height="218" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFT0t76Mcron1ddo4VETjrjkc4QAmdQaBQxOP2tSRgX5-nBoQGq73jNawuMg8XrfLq6H6apFhPV2Cg0GDoVpoHbW3b3BwbYHLWQ9MYBDAYwntrRDNpxFpCjb37L53XEIspcizvad5S85vcmR5k9yAOCXi5656itNw5GLMu-9vgE-GD-DOLj-6VS19cwg/w145-h218/Upper%20Germany%20map%20(Wikipedia).jpg" title="Martin Luther" width="145" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">South Germany</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> This continues from <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/h3c-jacob-reihing-4-histories-pivotal.html" target="_blank">Part 3c</a> (Table of Contents in <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/walther-on-hoe-von-hoeneggs-little-book.html" target="_blank">Part 1</a>) in a series that began with Walther's 1871 announcement of the republished "little book" by <b>Matthias Hoe von Hoenegg</b>, a book that gave instruction to <u>south</u> German Lutherans oppressed by Roman Catholics. — Walther's report in the <span><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/walther-on-hoe-von-hoeneggs-little-book.html#:~:text=a%20favorite%20book%20of%20the%20people%20in%20Germany%20for%20two%20hundred%20years" target="_blank"><span>1871 </span><i>Der Lutheraner</i></a> </span>that Hoe's "little book" was "a favorite book of the people in Germany for <u>two hundred years</u>" qualifies it as a most important book through at least the 1700s. It would be influential as a resource for Lutherans in their struggles against the oppression of the Jesuits and the Catholic Church.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> About a century after the time of Hoe von Hoenegg and Jacob Reihing, the south Germans were in a hot struggle for their faith. Where is "South" Germany? (It is sometimes known as "Upper Germany" or "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Germany" target="_blank">High Germany</a>") <b style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;">The map at left is the Wikipedia map for the dialect of the "southern German-speaking area" called "</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_German" style="font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;" target="_blank">Upper German</a><span style="font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;">" and gives a general idea of the territory involved. It includes what is known today as Austria, including Salzburg.</span></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjL9S2kOgmDpu_yvSu3aCRM3cTFF2OjEUSxM6oA2SZ3xTHP_e2HE3Qg5xQFIQ49yT_cNqOqlNYAfDpt1s2kA7tiweFhr7qZsu0yLIjfbA0UCpDUDvQhaoTCGGq8MdbBNa_-rJaiFGlHKSUrRyX5fbaDxgNTb49WSSOs4u7eiUtwg_4MxBNjoK7Iguarwg/s277/Red%20Brick%20Parsonage%20logo%20(lightened).jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt=""Red Brick Parsonage" blog logo" border="0" data-original-height="277" data-original-width="269" height="140" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjL9S2kOgmDpu_yvSu3aCRM3cTFF2OjEUSxM6oA2SZ3xTHP_e2HE3Qg5xQFIQ49yT_cNqOqlNYAfDpt1s2kA7tiweFhr7qZsu0yLIjfbA0UCpDUDvQhaoTCGGq8MdbBNa_-rJaiFGlHKSUrRyX5fbaDxgNTb49WSSOs4u7eiUtwg_4MxBNjoK7Iguarwg/w136-h140/Red%20Brick%20Parsonage%20logo%20(lightened).jpg" title=""Red Brick Parsonage" blog logo" width="136" /></a></div><b style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;"> The </span></b>"Red Brick Parsonage" blog has already, in 2017, given a good background for the history of south Germany <b><a href="https://redbrickparsonage.wordpress.com/2017/05/26/joseph-schaitberger-life-and-work/#:~:text=The%20history%20of,it%20did%20not." target="_blank">here</a></b>, stating: </div><blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">"The history of Lutheranism in the former <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Archbishopric of Salzburg (whose land now comprises part of Austria</span> since being annexed in 1805) is one of <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">repeated persecution</span>, dating back to the expulsion of Paul Speratus in 1520, for expressing his evangelical views too openly, and the beheading of Georg Scherer (or Schärer) in Radstadt on April 13, 1528, for refusing to recant the Lutheran doctrine he was preaching. There were also exiles decreed in 1588 and <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">1613-15</span>. The Peace of Westphalia of 1648 was supposed to put an end to such persecution, but in the Archbishopric of Salzburg it did not."</div></blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;">The later date coincides with the time of Jacob Reihing's Jesuit activities in a neighboring territory, before his conversion to Lutheranism in 1621. Hoe von Hoenegg's 1603 popular "little book" would have certainly been known to these Salzburg Lutherans who were faced with their forced <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salzburg_Protestants#Final_expulsion_in_1731" target="_blank">expulsion in </a></span><span style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salzburg_Protestants#Final_expulsion_in_1731" style="font-weight: bold;" target="_blank">1731</a> by Roman Catholics</span><span style="font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;">. It was most refreshing to read the <a href="https://redbrickparsonage.wordpress.com/2018/01/06/the-evangelical-lutheran-salzburgers/#:~:text=I%20do%20not%20know%20how%20any%20historical%20development%20and%20events%20such%20as%20those%20described%20in%20the%20article%20below%20can%20create%20such%20a%20sensation%20in%20their%20time%2C%20yet%20fly%20so%20low%20under%20the%20popular%20radar%20in%20the%20present%2C%20even%20within%20the%20confines%20of%20the%20Christian%20church." target="_blank">"Red Brick Parsonage" pastor state</a> of these expelled Salzburg Evangelical Lutherans (my emphasis):</span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b style="text-align: left;"><blockquote style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;">"I do not know how any historical development… can create such a sensation in their time, </span><span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">yet fly so low under the popular radar in the present</span>, even within the confines of the Christian church</span><span style="font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;">."</span></blockquote></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Indeed! Why is this? Many <a href="https://www.google.com/search?q=salzburg+emigration+within+germany" target="_blank">secular scholars have written</a> much about the Salzburgers and their expulsion, so why the silence within the Christian Church, especially the Lutheran Church? But this indifference in the present time was not the fault of Walther — he gave this history prominence in his <i>Der Lutheraner</i> articles. Prof. J. C. W. Lindemann also gave this history prominence <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2021/09/freedom3-austriastaupitz-schaitberger.html#:~:text=Many%20in%20the%20archdiocese%20of%20Salzburg%20had%20also%20accepted%20Luther%27s%20teachings" target="_blank">in his essay on "Religious Freedom"</a>.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAV2Gx3jOMS5YgtNnAYRJTkSKzgqDzHgZTjFU_heQDt5pfwsFl1cBcv9H0I4rR6zC5L9TQn4JSdMC0cZv3wstemGJadwqkdUweViufzr-dgtSpbVaSZJ6zpaOpEmBAu3fgYphcrazlmH-GjSpPOsetCnNbrzUeFHo5nhW-WPmx1HzHAs_cJCg3AsUzoA/s581/Salzburger%20area.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="581" data-original-width="555" height="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAV2Gx3jOMS5YgtNnAYRJTkSKzgqDzHgZTjFU_heQDt5pfwsFl1cBcv9H0I4rR6zC5L9TQn4JSdMC0cZv3wstemGJadwqkdUweViufzr-dgtSpbVaSZJ6zpaOpEmBAu3fgYphcrazlmH-GjSpPOsetCnNbrzUeFHo5nhW-WPmx1HzHAs_cJCg3AsUzoA/w196-h205/Salzburger%20area.jpg" width="196" /></a></div><<——— Where is this Salzburg territory? The map at left gives an idea of its location. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9OU8wxfY1XLKv515ubYZtAYIhZOdtaER-ee8obE44rzzbCx1UskQb72TIwkNVyhBab4fs5YnMIIFHMreJ4gqp7phcRcovg6dYl2aJhMAVlLErBRX5JioX2s6kZTRwRJHQjR37GiDdjB_aSmKFdkx27FYaUd13__62V-o64GtvIK4xuNiNukPbb6Q6Yw/s1286/Salzberger%20emigration%20map%20(from%20Ostpreussa).jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Salzburger emigration (from https://ostpreussen.de/uploads/media/Die_Salzburger_in_Ostpreussen.pdf}" border="0" data-original-height="440" data-original-width="309" height="230" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9OU8wxfY1XLKv515ubYZtAYIhZOdtaER-ee8obE44rzzbCx1UskQb72TIwkNVyhBab4fs5YnMIIFHMreJ4gqp7phcRcovg6dYl2aJhMAVlLErBRX5JioX2s6kZTRwRJHQjR37GiDdjB_aSmKFdkx27FYaUd13__62V-o64GtvIK4xuNiNukPbb6Q6Yw/w223-h230/Salzberger%20emigration%20map%20(from%20Ostpreussa).jpg" title="Salzburger emigration (from https://ostpreussen.de/uploads/media/Die_Salzburger_in_Ostpreussen.pdf}" width="223" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Salzburger emigration, c. 1731-32</td></tr>
</tbody></table></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;">The <a href="https://ostpreussen.de/uploads/media/Die_Salzburger_in_Ostpreussen.pdf#page=17" target="_blank">map on the right</a> depicts the general route of the Salzburg Lutherans after their expulsion.</span></span>—————>></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;"> The more extensive history of the Evangelical Salzburg Lutherans is given by J. C. W. Lindemann </span><span style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2021/09/freedom3-austriastaupitz-schaitberger.html#:~:text=Many%20in%20the%20archdiocese%20of%20Salzburg%20had%20also%20accepted%20Luther%27s%20teachings." style="font-weight: bold;" target="_blank">here</a>, and by a translation of a German language history by "The Red Brick Parsonage" <a href="https://redbrickparsonage.wordpress.com/tag/salzburgers/#:~:text=But%20all%20these%20sufferings%20steeled%20the%20courage%20of%20these%20poor%20people.%20They%20put%20up%20brave%20resistance%20to%20the%20attempts%2C%20made%20with%20deep%20guile%20and%20great%20might%2C%20to%20bring%20them%20back%20to%20the%20Roman%20Church%2C%20and%20they%20devoutly%20and%20firmly%20stuck%20together%20as%20a%20single%20evangelical%20nation%20of%20brothers" style="font-weight: bold;" target="_blank">here</a>.</span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;"> As <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2021/09/freedom3-austriastaupitz-schaitberger.html#:~:text=weakness%20of%20their%20knowledge" target="_blank">Lindemann relates</a>, these Salzburgers had a "weakness of their knowledge", and during the "<a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2023/04/m05-ms-errors-not-overlooked-ls.html#:~:text=he%20%5BMelanchthon%5D%20made%20some%20bad%20moves%20under%20political%20pressure.%2C%20%3Cgreat%20emphasis%3E%C2%A0terrible%20pressure" target="_blank">terrible pressure</a>", "<a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2021/09/freedom3-austriastaupitz-schaitberger.html#:~:text=Many%20were%20so%20tormented%20that%20they%20became%20Catholics%20again%20out%20of%20fear%20and%20pain" target="_blank">many were so tormented that they became Catholics again out of fear and pain</a>". May Hoe von Hoenegg's "<a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/hoe2-evangelical-handbook-now-in.html" target="_blank">little book</a>" be a resource, along with many others, to strengthen readers who are, or will be, under persecution here in America. May they, especially me, look "unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith" (Heb. 12:2). Amen!</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;"> In the next <b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/h5-salzburgers-emigration-they.html" target="_blank">Part 5</a></b>, we meet with the Salzburgers who travelled to North Germany and… America.</span></div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-19710967023756250492024-02-21T06:38:00.001-05:002024-02-24T07:38:24.642-05:00H3c: Jacob Reihing: 4 histories; pivotal figure in church history<div style="text-align: justify;"> This continues from <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/h3b-how-reihing-jesuit-turned-lutheran.html" target="_blank">Part 3b</a> (Table of Contents in <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/walther-on-hoe-von-hoeneggs-little-book.html" target="_blank">Part 1</a>) in a series beginning with Walther's announcement of the republished "little book" by <b>Matthias Hoe von Hoenegg</b>, a book that gave instruction to <u>south</u> German Lutherans oppressed by Roman Catholics. — The history of <b>Jacob Reihing</b> is a history that tells the story of the Reformation in the 1600s and 1700s. His history intersects with both sides in a remarkable way. He was the brilliant star and sharp opponent of both, the Roman Catholics and the Lutherans, the Counter Reformation and the Reformation. His story leads into the infamous <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nH5OAQAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&pg=PA331#v=onepage&q=%22Thirty%20Years'%20War%22&f=false" target="_blank">Thirty Years' War</a> and beyond. And the land that he came from, <u>south</u> Germany, became perhaps the hottest battleground for people's hearts.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div> Although Reihing's publications listed in the <a href="https://www.prdl.org/author_view.php?s=60&limit=20&a_id=4008&sort=" target="_blank">Post-Reformation Digital Library</a> are in the Latin and German languages, rendering them inaccessible to all but scholars, I have taken the time to translate several histories into English, to supplement Walther's two brief accounts in <i>Der Lutheraner</i>. This is due in part to the lack of <u>any</u> Wikipedia article on him in English. All descriptions below contain a link to a separate web-based version: </div><div><b><span style="font-size: large;">1)</span><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></b>The popular biography in Germany was from the 1888 compendium <b><i>Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie</i> (ADB)</b> by historian Th. Schott. The <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTLCPpFZlxshog3EmLTpH8FM0ADiZHzGJNo5AY2m2UR-Cxg2HtuMT3BcxbHavsHnnJ8tRtsv04dt9_W/pub" target="_blank">basic facts</a> of Reihing may be obtained without a rabid Jesuit "bias"<a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1p6crAPl38oRLFz_9---QnfgCCjfZ8etieeZinj5R_3A/edit" target="_blank">:</a> </div>
<iframe height="250" src="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTLCPpFZlxshog3EmLTpH8FM0ADiZHzGJNo5AY2m2UR-Cxg2HtuMT3BcxbHavsHnnJ8tRtsv04dt9_W/pub?embedded=true" width="650"></iframe><div><b><span style="font-size: large;">2)</span></b> <b>Julius Schall</b>, <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/?sl=auto&tl=en&text=Doktor%20Jakob%20Reihing%20%3A%20Einst%20Jesuit%2C%20dann%20(Konvertit)%20evangelischer%20Christ%2C%201579-1628%0A&op=translate" target="_blank">Doctor Jakob Reihing: Once a Jesuit, then (convert) Evangelical Christian, 1579-1628</a></i>, 1894 (free on <a href="https://archive.org/details/doktorjakobreihi0000scha/page/n3/mode/1up" target="_blank">Internet Archive</a>; <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1elQv9RJlju1IX_xhFhFRcMfASga0u78J/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=101561581649277893705&rtpof=true&sd=true" target="_blank">DE</a>, <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTMUfmskWidfKEyHVGtGWMY5jeOe5cOZ4HdKh023XXpBWeFmQH15L9FVY-0kpJQeA/pub" target="_blank">EN</a>):</div>
<iframe height="300" src="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTMUfmskWidfKEyHVGtGWMY5jeOe5cOZ4HdKh023XXpBWeFmQH15L9FVY-0kpJQeA/pub?embedded=true" width="650"></iframe><div>Although in a book format, it is <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTMUfmskWidfKEyHVGtGWMY5jeOe5cOZ4HdKh023XXpBWeFmQH15L9FVY-0kpJQeA/pub" target="_blank">only 28 pages</a>, a brief but lively account, and by a German pastor who was likely Lutheran judging by his writing. One excerpt from Schall, a crisp statement of the dramatic turnabout by <u>Father</u> Reihing:</div><blockquote>"Just at the time when <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">the <i>Catholic Handbook</i> [against Hoe] was spreading the fame of its author throughout southern Germany</span> and the old church was forcing its way to victory in Palatinate-Neuburg, <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">the unbelievable happened</span>: Father Reihing fled to the enemy, the highly praised Jesuit converted to the Evangelical Church…"</blockquote><div><span> Schall reports that Dr. <b>Lucas Osiander the Younger</b>, at Jacob Reihing's acceptance into the Lutheran Church, spoke of another noted Catholic turned Lutheran, <a href="https://archive.org/details/dl-28-1871-1872-deep-l-en/page/n196/mode/1up?q=%22Petrus+Paulus+Vergerius%22" target="_blank">Petrus Paulus Vergerius</a>, the Pope's representative to try to get Luther to renounce his doctrine. But Luther's answer to him, and his study of Holy Scripture (like Reihing), turned him to the truth of the Gospel. (See <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTMUfmskWidfKEyHVGtGWMY5jeOe5cOZ4HdKh023XXpBWeFmQH15L9FVY-0kpJQeA/pub#:~:text=Lukas%20Osiander%20%5Bthe%20Younger%2C%201571%2D1638%5D%20first%20held%20a%20%22Christian%20remembrance%22.%20Based%20on%201%20Tim.%201%3A12%2D16%2C%20he%20explained%20the%20following%3A%20W%C3%BCrttemberg%20has%20often%20seen%20such%20conversions%2C%20e.g.%20that%20of%20Petrus%20Paulus%20Vergerius" target="_blank">Schall on p. 17</a>; also the funeral sermon <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTMUfmskWidfKEyHVGtGWMY5jeOe5cOZ4HdKh023XXpBWeFmQH15L9FVY-0kpJQeA/pub#:~:text=In%20the%20funeral,right%20Evangelical%20Christians%2C%22" target="_blank">pp. 9</a>, <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTMUfmskWidfKEyHVGtGWMY5jeOe5cOZ4HdKh023XXpBWeFmQH15L9FVY-0kpJQeA/pub#:~:text=Dr.%20Lucas%20Osiander,in%20the%20papacy" target="_blank">27-28</a>)</span></div><div><span><br /></span></div><div><b><span style="font-size: large;">3)</span></b> <b>Gottfried Brock</b>, <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/?sl=auto&tl=en&text=Die%20evangelisch-lutherische%20Kirche%20der%20ehemaligen%20Pfalzgrafschaft%20Neuburg&op=translate" target="_blank">The Evangelical Lutheran Church of the former Palatinate of Neuburg</a></i>, 1847 (free on <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wJ9dAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP7#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank">Google Books</a>). Brock is cited by other historians. His account is more detailed than Schall's. The following is an extensive excerpt, Chapter 4 pp. 117-191. His is also a <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vS8Ehex2he2-St0xMJ_o2pJri5934u1Zye6XvliitZQQD5OeIBBg_5LJOawQpGJzQ/pub" target="_blank">lively account</a> (<b><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1zZnb7bZ5aEo9Bt1_b42kKGAVBTbUaQcE/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=101561581649277893705&rtpof=true&sd=true" target="_blank">DE</a></b> version <b><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1zZnb7bZ5aEo9Bt1_b42kKGAVBTbUaQcE/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=101561581649277893705&rtpof=true&sd=true" target="_blank">here</a>; <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vS8Ehex2he2-St0xMJ_o2pJri5934u1Zye6XvliitZQQD5OeIBBg_5LJOawQpGJzQ/pub" target="_blank">EN</a></b>)<a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ZXBcLLeE858PDZ6rYnS8TRUiiQk4-z1w/edit" target="_blank">:</a></div>
<iframe height="300" src="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vS8Ehex2he2-St0xMJ_o2pJri5934u1Zye6XvliitZQQD5OeIBBg_5LJOawQpGJzQ/pub?embedded=true" width="650"></iframe><div><span><div><div>Brock reports that, along with Hoe von Hoenegg, Lutheran theologian <b>Balthasar Meisner</b> was also a targeted polemical opponent of Reihing – see <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vS8Ehex2he2-St0xMJ_o2pJri5934u1Zye6XvliitZQQD5OeIBBg_5LJOawQpGJzQ/pub#:~:text=Balthasar%20Meisner%2C%20professor,Excubiarum%20papisticarum%20expulsio" target="_blank">Brock, p. 125</a>. Brock also reports, <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vS8Ehex2he2-St0xMJ_o2pJri5934u1Zye6XvliitZQQD5OeIBBg_5LJOawQpGJzQ/pub#:~:text=One%20can%20imagine%20how,wrote%20to%20him%20himself" target="_blank">p. 181-182</a>, how the <b>Jesuits</b> first attempted to <u>coax</u> Reihing back to them: </div><blockquote>"One can imagine how angry his former Jesuit brothers were about Reihing's move and how they <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">used every means at their disposal to bring him back</span>. Father Keller, rector of the Jesuit College in Munich, made him the greatest offers at the end and assured him that <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">he was free to become a Jesuit again</span>, or to <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">accept a canonry</span>, or even to enter the lay state, if only he wanted to profess the Roman Church again; <span style="background-color: #d9ead3;">the superiors would grant whatever he wanted</span>. Reihing's brother, <a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Reihing,_Konrad" target="_blank">Konrad</a>, Rector of the Jesuit College in Augsburg, the Provincial Christoph Grenzing, and <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">even the General of the Order, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutio_Vitelleschi">Mutius Vitelleschi</a>, left no stone unturned to win him over</span>, and <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang_Wilhelm,_Count_Palatine_of_Neuburg" target="_blank">Count Palatine Wolfgang Wilhelm</a> wrote to him himself</span>."</blockquote></div><div>Brock then relates how these same Jesuits took off their mask, showed their true selves, and "became <u>fiercely hostile</u> to him". By what methods? They attacked his <u>person</u>, not his doctrine. (Count Wolfgang Wilhelm would have been doubly embarrassed for <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vS8Ehex2he2-St0xMJ_o2pJri5934u1Zye6XvliitZQQD5OeIBBg_5LJOawQpGJzQ/pub#:~:text=brought%20the%20still,for%20his%20country" target="_blank">he had converted from Lutheranism to Catholicism</a>.)</div><div><br /></div></span></div><div><b><span style="font-size: large;">4)</span></b> Finally, <b>David R. Preus</b>, now a missionary for the LC-MS, wrote on the Lutheran theologian Balthasar Meisner for his <a href="https://scholar.csl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1120&context=phd" target="_blank">2018 PhD thesis</a>. A small portion was devoted to a history of Jacob Reihing, calling him "the most celebrated Catholic convert to Lutheranism". Below is an <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vS821WRqur35i9Gy_xRvT9d6nX65-sgpFafdUN3AdV9KRGadlopVDOJ2_Ngj_FOCA/pub" target="_blank">excerpt from pages 168-171</a><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1bIBGGp9JDpUFa-wZ137eUrCrXRr7XVbI/edit" target="_blank">:</a></div>
<iframe height="250" src="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vS821WRqur35i9Gy_xRvT9d6nX65-sgpFafdUN3AdV9KRGadlopVDOJ2_Ngj_FOCA/pub?embedded=true" width="650"></iframe>
<div><div><div><div style="text-align: justify;">Preus summarizes by stating: "With his mention of Hoe and Meisner by name, <u>Reihing testifies to the effectiveness of the Lutheran arguments</u>."</div><div style="text-align: center;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - </div></div><div> I would invite readers who want to know the real history of the struggles of the steadfast Lutherans of South Germany, and the background of the Thirty Years' War, to read all 4 histories above — they are all short in length, except Gottfried Brock (#3) which is 75 pages. But even when reading that, I could not stop — the testimony of the Evangelicals was so powerful. Read about the "torture of conscience" by the Jesuits on <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vS8Ehex2he2-St0xMJ_o2pJri5934u1Zye6XvliitZQQD5OeIBBg_5LJOawQpGJzQ/pub#:~:text=This%20is%20how%20the%20interrogation%2C%20or%2C%20more%20correctly%2C%20the%20torture%20of%20conscience%2C%20took%20place%20over%20the%20next%20few%20weeks.%20with%20476%20people" target="_blank">pages 171-172</a>. Read there of the faith of the locksmith, the baker, the writer, the widow, the shoemaker. — In the next <b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/h4-hoes-book-200-year-favorite-for.html" target="_blank">Part 4</a></b>, we cover the faithful Lutheran Salzburgers of the next century.</div></div></div></div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-82412633096899922122024-02-17T05:49:00.001-05:002024-02-24T06:14:49.394-05:00H3b: How Reihing, Jesuit, turned Lutheran; Rome now using Reihing's method<div style="text-align: justify;"> This continues from <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/h3a-walther-on-jesuit-convert-jacob.html" target="_blank">Part 3a</a> (Table of Contents in <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/walther-on-hoe-von-hoeneggs-little-book.html" target="_blank">Part 1</a>) in a series beginning with Walther's announcement of the republished "little book" by <b>Matthias Hoe von Hoenegg</b>, a book that gave instruction to <u>south</u> German Lutherans oppressed by Roman Catholics. — This segment concludes the 1845 <i>Der Lutheraner</i> article on Jacob Reihing. Of the histories recorded of Jesuit Reihing, few provide much in the way of quotes from his own writings. And so I was glad when I found that <i>Der Lutheraner,</i> probably Walther, provided an important quote from Reihing himself regarding his own conversion from the Roman Catholic Church to the Lutheran confession. There are few people of Reihing's stature who have made this move, and so his account is especially valuable. — Because Reihing's status as a Jesuit was so notable, it was surprising to discover that there is <u>no English Wikipedia article</u> on him. The <a href="https://www.catholic.org/encyclopedia/encyclopedia.php?lst=R#:~:text=Reims%20%2D%20ARCHDIOCESE%20OF%20REIMS%20(RHEMENSIS)" target="_blank"><i>Catholic Encyclopedi</i>a</a> leaves him out, likely because his conversion was so devastating for the Jesuits — more on that below. — From <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4qUpAAAAYAAJ&dq=editions%3AG8xd53TmiGcC&pg=PA60#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank"><i>Der Lutheraner</i>, vol. 1 (March 22, 1845), p. 60</a> [<a href="https://archive.org/details/dl-01-1844-1845-deep-l-en/page/60/mode/1up?q=%22Jacob+Neihing+is+a+strange+example+%22" target="_blank">EN</a>]<a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1wxp3aLvJfk3fm_KHreDnPeTG8wmeOpx4/edit" target="_blank">:</a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-f3b86d0a-7fff-9436-65c2-ea6c5bf71925"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The converted Jesuit.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">[probably by C. F. W. Walther, editor; <u>part 2</u>]</span></p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgG2STbuXHOTjg4KyhWdnTjrNYc5Q0I7_z3dB4jPo2TxeSDTIYeVgv99m2Bgb7bBlGYWKc0fq3NsWrJX70XaIyPEZxIVgsSVHIL9yie_eLm-AP-hEcLU1q4I5x1Zi-lxQmECCTy9s4Wuv1-RAuSbHFLlKzMwxbShx3YbJVMRLDkk1QpNDHWDP1Q6aEJOw/s531/Reihing,%20Jacob,%201618%20Tuebigen%20(Digitaler%20Portrait%20Index).jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Jacob Reihing (Portraitindex.de)" border="0" data-original-height="531" data-original-width="375" height="184" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgG2STbuXHOTjg4KyhWdnTjrNYc5Q0I7_z3dB4jPo2TxeSDTIYeVgv99m2Bgb7bBlGYWKc0fq3NsWrJX70XaIyPEZxIVgsSVHIL9yie_eLm-AP-hEcLU1q4I5x1Zi-lxQmECCTy9s4Wuv1-RAuSbHFLlKzMwxbShx3YbJVMRLDkk1QpNDHWDP1Q6aEJOw/w130-h184/Reihing,%20Jacob,%201618%20Tuebigen%20(Digitaler%20Portrait%20Index).jpg" title="Jacob Reihing (Portraitindex.de)" width="130" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-2e96bc15-7fff-5d51-25ef-14cb4af3195c"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 13.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Reihing turned to Württemberg, </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">preached a sermon of recantation in the presence of three Württemberg princes in Tübingen on November 23rd of the same year </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">[<span style="color: red;">1621</span>] </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-indent: 13.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">and eight days later delivered a sermon against the Roman <a href="https://archive.org/details/hoe-von-hoenegg-evangelisches-handbuchlein/page/74/mode/1up?q=%22the+body+of+Jesus+Christ+is+offered+to+the+heavenly+Father+for+the+living+and+for+the+dead%22" target="_blank">Sacrifice of the Mass</a> in the court chapel in Stuttgart</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-indent: 13.5pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. In 1628 he finally passed away as a Lutheran professor of theology and superintendent at Tübingen, gentle and blessed in true faith in his one Mediator, our Lord Jesus Christ.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 13.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">We still have several excellent writings, which Reihing published after his conversion, and in which he refuted his previous writings, written in papal blindness, as sincerely and humbly as thoroughly; </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">one of the most excellent of these is entitled: “The Torn Papal Bonds</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.” [<span style="color: red;">"Die zerissenen päbstlichen Banden."; no online record of this in </span></span><a href="https://www.prdl.org/author_view.php?s=60&limit=20&a_id=4008&sort=" style="background-color: white; text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">PRDL</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="background-color: white;">] In this book, </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Reihing himself tells how he came to this realization as follows</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">: </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMaPAR9gUemwAe0L53wKuPVm3ilehTjjwE6F55x0ODr7i5Y8Li13HD4y1pt0IcRSHzOKUwNw831XLzHj5DgOAPE0PsJ-rFxcAHs4IteAEfFdBO7BxJMs9HllXDeRJ1wsj3wX3gEshgpbIn0s7h9RPFj0ECOCFTnNEbUxUFSzAo8A3GqZX6zOh7TJB3PA/s193/What%20was%20I%20to%20do,%20I%20was%20compelled.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="What was I to do? I was compelled…" border="0" data-original-height="60" data-original-width="193" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMaPAR9gUemwAe0L53wKuPVm3ilehTjjwE6F55x0ODr7i5Y8Li13HD4y1pt0IcRSHzOKUwNw831XLzHj5DgOAPE0PsJ-rFxcAHs4IteAEfFdBO7BxJMs9HllXDeRJ1wsj3wX3gEshgpbIn0s7h9RPFj0ECOCFTnNEbUxUFSzAo8A3GqZX6zOh7TJB3PA/s16000/What%20was%20I%20to%20do,%20I%20was%20compelled.jpg" title="What was I to do? I was compelled…" /></a></div></span><p></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 31.5pt 0pt 27pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">"</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="background-color: white;">My listeners (in the Palatinate of Neuburg), most of whom were Evangelicals or had only recently been enticed to the papacy, demanded proof from the Scriptures, and my opponents [Lutherans], against whom I wrote and spoke, also drove me into the Scriptures and </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">challenged me to fight with them on the basis of the Scriptures alone</span><span style="background-color: white;">. </span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8SkInwnN8vFTAoWTRruqwFot-uxbGkve-RXGqL1g1V6NVPWo8-4U8X_fNQkK-Fv8alFaIFG1ne_MP070dr1FSH6ERRZ8rM7_hMVvMwPTDa-PwPvpgl2bMtZToDkyV3QSi82braZcZ5AU0IXi2JNPCYImtqxKNG_KYbQiCA5uaRh81SVZT_g9Y5Vxntw/s200/Open%20Bible.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="94" data-original-width="200" height="76" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8SkInwnN8vFTAoWTRruqwFot-uxbGkve-RXGqL1g1V6NVPWo8-4U8X_fNQkK-Fv8alFaIFG1ne_MP070dr1FSH6ERRZ8rM7_hMVvMwPTDa-PwPvpgl2bMtZToDkyV3QSi82braZcZ5AU0IXi2JNPCYImtqxKNG_KYbQiCA5uaRh81SVZT_g9Y5Vxntw/w162-h76/Open%20Bible.jpg" width="162" /></a></div><span id="docs-internal-guid-06b925bb-7fff-56bc-25d0-406b7df6d5dd"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 31.5pt 0pt 27pt;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">What was I to do? I was compelled to seek scriptural proof for everything</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, so that in the minds of my listeners, which were still unsettled but </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">so attached to the Scriptures</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, it would not appear as if I myself had no confidence in my cause, indeed as if I was forced to give it up myself. I therefore endeavored to establish the papacy from the books of divine Scripture and thus to overthrow the Augsburg Confession. This was the purpose of all my sermons, conversations and writings. It also seemed to many and to myself that I was fighting with luck; I was already walking along like a highly celebrated victor, and was also considered so here and there. But the Lord's reckoning in heaven was different; according to His counsel, my battle was to have a completely different outcome. As if by a divine ray of light, the blindness and darkness of my proud spirit was finally dispelled; for a little more than a year I began to realize, with an ever brighter view of my spirit illuminated from heaven from day to day, that in all the most important points of controversy the Scriptures were most clearly </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">against</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> the Papists and </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">for</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> the Evangelicals. And so, at last, not only was the lying veneer of truth removed from the papal errors, but also the veneer of error that had been put on the Evangelical truth was wiped off in my soul. The error that I had previously defended as truth fell, and the purest truth that I had fought against as error finally awoke in me, and triumphed.”</span></p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - <i>End of article; continued in <b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/h3c-jacob-reihing-4-histories-pivotal.html" target="_blank">Part 3c</a></b></i> - - - - - - - - - - - - - -</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> Walther's extensive quote from Reihing above was covered also, partially, by G. Brock in his <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vS8Ehex2he2-St0xMJ_o2pJri5934u1Zye6XvliitZQQD5OeIBBg_5LJOawQpGJzQ/pub#:~:text=O%20divine%20Majesty,I%20to%20do%3F" target="_blank">1847 book p. 178-179</a>, and by Pastor Julius Schall in <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTMUfmskWidfKEyHVGtGWMY5jeOe5cOZ4HdKh023XXpBWeFmQH15L9FVY-0kpJQeA/pub#:~:text=Previously%20I%20had,against%20the%20papacy" target="_blank">his 1894 history of Reihing, p. 19</a>. (More on these books in the next post.) — Although Walther did not mention Hoe von Hoenegg and his <i><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/hoe2-evangelical-handbook-now-in.html" target="_blank">Evangelical Handbook</a></i> in this 1845 article, he did so in <span><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/walther-on-hoe-von-hoeneggs-little-book.html" target="_blank">his 1871 announcement</a></span> of the reprint of Hoe's book.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiy1AXqaltNCnOBUy9NE2lBP4P9EcN5Gu6JECyxkdTHC1D9oQD51F21w9o1J0lEUKGROxtXfcqqIQieDSvIVLvsl79N_1oLpsFzjYOvK5jq1kGyR9u5ExRewlf_UkICmKgH6ku5bIh5SPNASjrxfGHYhRNtyjlDTT-gVD-IDWvppMzBcToVBaDjNiNZYg/s771/Clipboard.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Catechism of the Catholic Church (2019) — The Catholic Encyclopedia (1907-1922)" border="0" data-original-height="577" data-original-width="771" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiy1AXqaltNCnOBUy9NE2lBP4P9EcN5Gu6JECyxkdTHC1D9oQD51F21w9o1J0lEUKGROxtXfcqqIQieDSvIVLvsl79N_1oLpsFzjYOvK5jq1kGyR9u5ExRewlf_UkICmKgH6ku5bIh5SPNASjrxfGHYhRNtyjlDTT-gVD-IDWvppMzBcToVBaDjNiNZYg/w320-h239/Clipboard.jpg" title="Catechism of the Catholic Church (2019) — The Catholic Encyclopedia (1907-1922)" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/IV/" target="_blank">Catechism of the Catholic Church</a></i> — <i>The Catholic Encyclopedia</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> Today, the <i><a href="https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/IV/" target="_blank">Catechism of the Catholic Church</a></i> attempts to use the same method that Jesuit theologian Jacob Reihing used, citing <a href="https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/691/#zoom=z" target="_blank">the Scriptures</a>. <a href="https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/690/" target="_blank">Pages 689–720</a> lists all the Bible citations, about <u>3000</u>, in their <i>Catechism</i>. One wonders that the contributors to this <i>Catechism</i> studied Reihing’s <i><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y1ROAAAAcAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=intitle%3ACatholisches%20intitle%3AHandbuch%20inauthor%3AReihing&pg=PP7#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank">Catholic Handbook</a></i> for tips on how to use the Scriptures for their own deceptive ends. Again, Reihing's <i>Handbook</i> was in response to Hoe von Hoenegg’s <i><span>Evangelical Handbook</span></i>. — </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> The <i><a href="https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/" target="_blank">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i> (<a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HSWpSJINLRwC&source=gbs_similarbooks" target="_blank">Google Books</a>, <a href="https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000867126?type%5B%5D=title&lookfor%5B%5D=%22The%20Catholic%20Encyclopedia%22&ft=ft#viewability" target="_blank">HathiTrust</a>) does not have an article on the <u>Jesuit</u> Jacob Reihing, but he and Hoe, <a href="https://books.google.com/books?newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=editions:4WIIfHY2sSoC&pg=PA134&id=wLRAAQAAIAAJ&output=text#:~:text=against%20the%20apostates%20Reihing%20and%20de%20Dominis%2C%20against%20Melchior%20Nicolai%2C%20Hottinger%2C%20Kallisen%2C%20Schopp%2C%20Molinos%2C%20Haberkorn%2C%20Voet%2C%20Hoe" target="_blank">are mentioned as "apostates"</a> in an article about the Jesuit polemicist "<a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wLRAAQAAIAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=editions%3A4WIIfHY2sSoC&pg=PA134#v=onepage&q=%22Forer%2C%20Laurenz%22&f=false" target="_blank">Laurenz Forer</a>"). However the <i>Encyclopedia</i> has an article on the notable Jesuit <a href="https://www.catholic.com/encyclopedia/conrad-vetter" target="_blank"><b>Conrad Vetter</b></a>. The irony of this is that <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wJ9dAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA125#v=onepage&q=%22Uebersetzt%20wurde%20diese%20Schrift%20von%20dem%20Jesuiten%20Konrad%20Vetter%22&f=false" target="_blank">Vetter <b>translated</b> Jacob Reihing's <i>Catholic Handbook</i></a> that was written <u>against Hoe von Hoenegg</u>, demonstrating that Reihing, as the <u>author</u> of this highly regarded Jesuit book was <u>more notable</u> as a Catholic theologian than Vetter. Reihing's book was hailed by the Jesuits as an important book for their coercive tactics against unwilling Lutherans in south Germany. Doubly ironic is that the <i>Catholic Encyclopedia</i> is <a href="https://www.catholic.com/encyclopedia/conrad-vetter#:~:text=Unfortunately%20the%20tone%20is%20ordinarily%20not%20very%20refined" target="_blank">expressly embarrassed</a> at Vetter, saying "Unfortunately the tone [of Vetter's writings] is ordinarily not very refined." The Jesuits could not say the same about Reihing's highly regarded book. The Catholic Church, especially the Jesuits, would like nothing better than to <u>bury</u> the name of Jacob Reihing. May his name therefore be blessed by those who hold to the Holy Scriptures <u>alone</u> for their Christian faith, as Reihing came to do.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> We are not done with the dear Jacob Reihing! The histories of him and the places and times surrounding him are highly significant even today. For anyone who wants to be a true Lutheran, they reveal how it actually stands between Lutherans and Roman Catholics, notwithstanding the silence of today's LC-MS teachers and leaders. In the next <b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/h3c-jacob-reihing-4-histories-pivotal.html" target="_blank">Part 3c</a></b>, we offer an English translation of 4 different histories of Reihing</div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-2856052550102376652024-02-14T07:17:00.000-05:002024-02-14T07:17:17.736-05:00Vegetarians: Pieper's lesson from Luther – God, the butcher (Lehre und Wehre 1887)<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red;">[Today is <b>Ash Wednesday</b>, a day when Roman Catholics are <b>forbidden</b> from eating meat.]</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: center;"> </div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuRXri9c1rG7wvckibpH7eOY8PS7FxRkYoTvSSTL3-F2X4sxQLgE5GgaLa0u84sXmzqMiNXYteFLfQY02YhuS7ATOUet1Yb7CJCbVhARCIruVbxphZ05cIUyPExDg_O_vhXPrlgFwpK95NTSr4Dk6jFaWGtvXrF7aLb8Fp-1Nduf_zQNiEnW_3mYDxrQ/s381/PETA%20logo.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="PETA logo" border="0" data-original-height="192" data-original-width="381" height="100" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuRXri9c1rG7wvckibpH7eOY8PS7FxRkYoTvSSTL3-F2X4sxQLgE5GgaLa0u84sXmzqMiNXYteFLfQY02YhuS7ATOUet1Yb7CJCbVhARCIruVbxphZ05cIUyPExDg_O_vhXPrlgFwpK95NTSr4Dk6jFaWGtvXrF7aLb8Fp-1Nduf_zQNiEnW_3mYDxrQ/w199-h100/PETA%20logo.jpg" title="PETA logo" width="199" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.peta.org/features/what-peta-really-stands-for/#:~:text=Animals%20are%20not%20ours%20to%20experiment%20on%2C%20eat" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: medium;">"Animals are not ours to… eat"</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table> The following short lesson by Dr. Pieper caught my eye when processing the volumes of <i>Lehre und Wehre</i>. It is certainly a "hot topic" today in the agricultural world, as farmers and ranchers are being attacked from all sides over the eating of meat. Multiple reasons are formulated in an effort to ultimately eliminate the meat produced from farm animals — beef, pork, and poultry, although I have not heard of an attack on seafood. Cruelty to animals, climate change, and moral reasons are advanced in an effort to gain public support for their cause. The organization called "<b>P</b>eople for the <b><u>Ethical</u></b> <b>T</b>reatment of <b>A</b>nimals" or PETA, is brazenly advancing their cause on "ethical" grounds. Cattle farmers now face formidable political forces that could get the vegetarian legislation passed in America.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> In my youth, I finished feeder pigs to market weight, and a family member had a small farrowing house. My father had cattle when I was very young. So it was with amazement when I first heard of these claims against the eating of meat, against cattle because of their supposed effect on climate. It was an indication of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven_E._Koonin#Criticism_of_Koonin's_2014_Wall_Street_Journal_commentary:~:text=Street%20Journal%2C%20%22-,Climate%20Science%20Is%20Not%20Settled,-%2C%22%5B22%5D" target="_blank">how crazy the world has become</a>.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> But is there any merit to the vegetarian cause? Should <u>Christians</u> be drawn into their "<u>ethical</u>" arguments? We get true <u>Christian</u> counsel, which is Biblically based, from Dr. Franz Pieper's short blurb that utilizes the pertinent writings of Martin Luther and Holy Scripture. In the process, we find out that the "vegetarian" cause has been ongoing for centuries. — From <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CDQpAAAAYAAJ&dq=editions%3AoJLjWF12gC0C&pg=RA1-PA170#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank"><i>Lehre und Wehre</i>, vol. 33 (June, 1887), pp. 170-171</a> [EN]<a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/11Caph8727XddhIOVMFl0Aw8Z74TwZ3cO1HODLWSdcp0/edit" target="_blank">:</a> </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 17.3333px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 17.3333px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKWdbH9jkItxr3oTcsvbxc8X2IvXfQKkJ5UR34RZyKtcM0BP6KhdCfQTtpGWFyybPBHn4oPKhMzTWg5JYz6OznTdUHKS_3P4lJWx5H0eiyHhE0acFBsF_X1XKMzWcCdK0RghrTpCHUYnehG5cE9jGcUPvO6_71uD14obn6s59DC0ShtfvHFJPU-2QMaQ/s161/$-Pieper%201887%20head%20shot.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Young Prof. Franz Pieper, in 1887" border="0" data-original-height="161" data-original-width="112" height="131" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKWdbH9jkItxr3oTcsvbxc8X2IvXfQKkJ5UR34RZyKtcM0BP6KhdCfQTtpGWFyybPBHn4oPKhMzTWg5JYz6OznTdUHKS_3P4lJWx5H0eiyHhE0acFBsF_X1XKMzWcCdK0RghrTpCHUYnehG5cE9jGcUPvO6_71uD14obn6s59DC0ShtfvHFJPU-2QMaQ/w91-h131/$-Pieper%201887%20head%20shot.jpg" title="Young Prof. Franz Pieper, in 1887" width="91" /></a></div></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-3b5cbfc7-7fff-ed65-aa79-9cd424a10eef"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 12.125pt 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Luther and the Vegetarians</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. As we can see from German newspapers, the warnings of the vegetarians also make an impression on some Christians. If Christians are not used to <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">letting their conscience be determined by God's Word alone, they are easily led astray by even the most enthusiastic fanatics</span>. Here we are reminded of something Luther said about eating meat. Luther admits that in connection with meat-eating, gluttony has increased and people's lives have become shorter. (Cf. Luther's interpretation of Genesis 11:10, </span><a href="https://archive.org/details/st-l-01-en/page/n383/mode/1up" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">St. Louis edition</span><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> I, 712</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> [</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><a href="https://archive.org/details/luthersworksv2c6-14unse/page/231/mode/1up?q=%22after+men+were+permitted+to+eat+meat%2C+they+became+weaker%22" target="_blank">AE</a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><a href="https://archive.org/details/luthersworksv2c6-14unse/page/231/mode/1up?q=%22after+men+were+permitted+to+eat+meat%2C+they+became+weaker%22" target="_blank"> 2, 231</a>]) But the same Luther also writes on Genesis 9:2-3 (</span><a href="https://archive.org/details/st-l-01-en/page/n322/mode/1up" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">op. cit</span><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. p. 590 ff</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. [</span><a href="https://archive.org/details/luthersworksv2c6-14unse/page/133/mode/1up?q=%22These+words%2C+therefore%2C+establish+the+butcher+shop%22" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">AE</span><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> 2, 133-134</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">]): </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVmUWkBUpM-4-hMl8jFEJdDjHEQkJVBt7gB1EpdEViQsBhAvkk-uL42zA8I_gbJWmZBCMc2dMsAaH6WTJhsoGU4AjZBeTQuM33zEHPboTFHUSb7q5WFuAXJECblN4_VhXZkicDpdTYL2rWrXdUOzqVCzpJH6zK2W44Xh6o4wbGsR978QIVZ9LvEnmKkQ/s198/Luther%20(Photo%20from%20Getty,%20on%20New%20Yorker%20website)%20crop2.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Martin Luther (from Wehle painting)" border="0" data-original-height="198" data-original-width="155" height="138" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVmUWkBUpM-4-hMl8jFEJdDjHEQkJVBt7gB1EpdEViQsBhAvkk-uL42zA8I_gbJWmZBCMc2dMsAaH6WTJhsoGU4AjZBeTQuM33zEHPboTFHUSb7q5WFuAXJECblN4_VhXZkicDpdTYL2rWrXdUOzqVCzpJH6zK2W44Xh6o4wbGsR978QIVZ9LvEnmKkQ/w108-h138/Luther%20(Photo%20from%20Getty,%20on%20New%20Yorker%20website)%20crop2.jpg" title="Martin Luther (from Wehle painting)" width="108" /></a></div></span><p></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 21.125pt 0pt 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">“Therefore this word orders the butchershop and puts rabbits, chickens and geese on the spit and decorates and fills the table with all kinds of dishes. And necessity makes people clever and skillful, so that they not only hunt the wild animals, but also at home raise other livestock with diligent care, which they use for food. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">In this passage, therefore, </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">God makes himself, as it were, a butcher</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, for by His Word He slaughters and strangles the animals that are used for </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><u>foo</u></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><u>d</u>. That He thus, as it were, repays the great affliction that pious Noah had in the flood because of sin, and rewards him with rich consolation; for that is why He intends to care for him all the better from now on. — </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_q11_Vf8QjMaZI1OtqvuYani6iRpgiBBU6iR0Y4iLuB7aBrcWD7RUua6ZGxvKkDKCnjT-_aHxyO0b0YI9DO26SCHS8KweJlIRz6UlxbdO_m8FTV6BKT65ct-FZgWkypNiaslxIZXRT8FmJm9RMAGnk9vHBfzK1siV4QRFxYu2Tc5lgn6HsUzIaEh0Kw/s175/permitted,%20by%20the%20Word%20of%20God.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt=""permitted by the Word of God"" border="0" data-original-height="51" data-original-width="175" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_q11_Vf8QjMaZI1OtqvuYani6iRpgiBBU6iR0Y4iLuB7aBrcWD7RUua6ZGxvKkDKCnjT-_aHxyO0b0YI9DO26SCHS8KweJlIRz6UlxbdO_m8FTV6BKT65ct-FZgWkypNiaslxIZXRT8FmJm9RMAGnk9vHBfzK1siV4QRFxYu2Tc5lgn6HsUzIaEh0Kw/s16000/permitted,%20by%20the%20Word%20of%20God.jpg" title=""permitted by the Word of God"" /></a></div><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 21.125pt 0pt 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">For this reason we should not consider it </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">as if it were done by chance</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, as the pagans think, that the custom of slaughtering livestock was always there; </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">but it is ordained, or rather permitted, by the Word of God</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. For </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 17.3333px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">no animal could have been slain </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">without sin </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">unless God had clearly permitted it in his Word</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. Therefore </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">it is a great freedom that a man may freely and with impunity strangle all kinds of animals that are useful for food and can be eaten</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. And if only one kind of animal were ordered to such </span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><</span><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CDQpAAAAYAAJ&dq=editions%3AoJLjWF12gC0C&pg=RA1-PA171#v=onepage&q&f=false" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">page 171</span></a><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> use, it would still be a great good deed. How much greater a gift is it, then, that all animals that are useful for food are generally permitted to man! </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhp3dkdoEbKCtwM6w58ASGPAwH6ejEFzEf7oPAwOUcIpVxzOKDY-WQQ-4Fg_d5WcsdfMIMyE1rLVr16f44RQ10tqCPZI_7BKuqsab9W035-8iRjuOqJh4YPMgiDTnz0_-ADbMEJG80VQiJxj1YAwN6eZY-QCAGsWjxSF_GrfozPskdk6DILWA5o6Cwy_A/s192/wicked,%20heathen%20do%20not%20understand.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt=""wicked, heathen do not understand"" border="0" data-original-height="54" data-original-width="192" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhp3dkdoEbKCtwM6w58ASGPAwH6ejEFzEf7oPAwOUcIpVxzOKDY-WQQ-4Fg_d5WcsdfMIMyE1rLVr16f44RQ10tqCPZI_7BKuqsab9W035-8iRjuOqJh4YPMgiDTnz0_-ADbMEJG80VQiJxj1YAwN6eZY-QCAGsWjxSF_GrfozPskdk6DILWA5o6Cwy_A/s16000/wicked,%20heathen%20do%20not%20understand.jpg" title=""wicked, heathen do not understand"" /></a></div><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 21.125pt 0pt 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The wicked and the heathen do not understand this, and the philosophers know nothing about it. For they hold that this custom has always existed. </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">But we are to truly put such things on high, and honor them, to make our consciences sure and free about this use of creatures, created and permitted by God, namely, that there is no law forbidding to eat of it</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. Therefore there can be no sin in their use, </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">just as the shameful popes have blasphemously burdened the Church in these matters</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. — </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjD-m12H28dacRiTWGhd1606fJkLDDVLtbcTyz5kbYugkl2ch7DaINaIjw-p8heHsenOaOyf7AfLBF4EjFXZ4oX5t4fQ3jORV7_16EZMOD3WXb9bqwFFFWuZI1EGrmYQqZyooDtmsYNuasfhkNMVofWBxpeLaJMy6LkbZnVWkRUv0osYqj8ut0dvDXaNQ/s227/God%20has%20thus%20fed%E2%80%A6%20with%20all%20kinds%20of%20meat.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt=""God has thus fed and ordered the kitchen with all kinds of meat"" border="0" data-original-height="54" data-original-width="227" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjD-m12H28dacRiTWGhd1606fJkLDDVLtbcTyz5kbYugkl2ch7DaINaIjw-p8heHsenOaOyf7AfLBF4EjFXZ4oX5t4fQ3jORV7_16EZMOD3WXb9bqwFFFWuZI1EGrmYQqZyooDtmsYNuasfhkNMVofWBxpeLaJMy6LkbZnVWkRUv0osYqj8ut0dvDXaNQ/s16000/God%20has%20thus%20fed%E2%80%A6%20with%20all%20kinds%20of%20meat.jpg" title=""God has thus fed and ordered the kitchen with all kinds of meat"" /></a></div><p></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 21.125pt 0pt 22.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Thus with these words man's dominion is increased and the senseless animals are subjected to man's service until death. That is why they are afraid and flee from man for the sake of this new and previously unusual order in the world. For it would have been an abomination for Adam to strangle a bird for food. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">But now that the Word is added, we understand that it is a special good deed of God that </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">God has thus fed and ordered the kitchen with all kinds of meat</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. He will also order the cellar afterward, when He will show man how to cultivate and make wine.” </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">F. P. [</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Franz Pieper</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">]</span></p><div><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -</span></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> Luther points out the Antichrist's, that is the Pope's, blasphemy with his rules of fasting and abstinence from meat. What is the Roman Catholic rule on this for <u>today</u>? According to the current <a href="https://www.usccb.org/prayer-and-worship/liturgical-year-and-calendar/lent/catholic-information-on-lenten-fast-and-abstinence#:~:text=The%20norms%20concerning%20abstinence%20from%20meat%20are%20binding%20upon%20members%20of%20the%20Latin%20Catholic%20Church%20from%20age%2014%20onwards." target="_blank">USCCB website</a> (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240206004818/https://www.usccb.org/prayer-and-worship/liturgical-year-and-calendar/lent/catholic-information-on-lenten-fast-and-abstinence#:~:text=The%20norms%20concerning%20abstinence%20from%20meat%20are%20binding%20upon%20members%20of%20the%20Latin%20Catholic%20Church%20from%20age%2014%20onwards" target="_blank">WB</a>), it is the following, for Fridays during Lent, <b>Ash Wednesday</b>, and Good Friday:</div><blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">“The norms concerning <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">abstinence from meat are <b>binding</b> upon members of the Latin Catholic Church from age 14 onwards</span>.”</div></blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">But now Christian consciences can rest on the only source of certainty, God's Word. And farmers and ranchers should answer the vegetarians, and the Pope, with the simple phrase </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">“But God has permitted it!”</span></b></div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-74390995286031878422024-02-11T09:25:00.003-05:002024-02-17T05:50:29.614-05:00H3a: Walther on Jesuit convert Jacob Reihing; "a miracle", "still disputed today"<div style="text-align: justify;"> This continues from <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/hoe2-evangelical-handbook-now-in.html" target="_blank">Part 2</a> (Table of Contents in <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/walther-on-hoe-von-hoeneggs-little-book.html" target="_blank">Part 1</a>) in a series beginning with Walther's announcement of the republished "little book" by <b>Matthias Hoe von Hoenegg</b>, a book that gave instruction to <u>south</u> German Lutherans oppressed by Roman Catholics. — In Walther's announcement of Hoe's book in 1871, he spent just as much space on the remarkable conversion of Jesuit theologian <b>Jacob Reihing</b> as on Hoe. He was quite familiar with the story of Reihing for he had described it in even more detail in the very first volume of his <i>Der Lutheraner</i> publication, in 1845. I discovered this when reading LC-MS missionary <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200808154740/https://www.lcms.org/preus" target="_blank">Rev. David R. Preus</a>'s <a href="https://scholar.csl.edu/phd/120/" target="_blank">2018 PhD dissertation</a> on the Lutheran theologian <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balthasar_Meisner" target="_blank">Balthasar Meisner</a>, <a href="https://scholar.csl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1120&context=phd#page=186" target="_blank">p. 168</a>. Although the 1845 <i>Der Lutheraner</i> article in question was unsigned, I have little doubt that it was written by editor Walther, for this was a favorite subject of his. — Walther's article is being presented in 2 parts. From <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4qUpAAAAYAAJ&dq=editions%3AG8xd53TmiGcC&pg=PA60#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank"><i>Der Lutheraner</i>, vol. 1 (March 22, 1845), p. 60</a> [<a href="https://archive.org/details/dl-01-1844-1845-deep-l-en/page/60/mode/1up?q=%22Jacob+Neihing+is+a+strange+example+%22" target="_blank">EN</a>]<a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1wxp3aLvJfk3fm_KHreDnPeTG8wmeOpx4/edit" target="_blank">:</a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-b740c0ff-7fff-1576-46a4-8a4df3ab7c45"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The converted Jesuit.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">[probably by editor C. F. W. Walther; <u>part 1</u>]</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 13.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Jacob Reihing</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> is a remarkable example of how often those who are most zealous for their error, when they do it ignorantly like Saul (1 Tim. 1:13), are finally brought around by God's grace and transformed into the most blessed instruments for spreading the truth. Reihing was born on Jan. 6, 1579 in Augsburg of Roman Catholic parents, studied at the University of Ingolstadt, then entered the Jesuit order and became a doctor and professor of theology at the aforementioned university, and finally preacher to the court of the Count Palatine of Neuburg. </span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDaULdBGhFiQsi_wIkM1kw5x7IkPQ7HyGEd3HPVJ6lEqwZ3zKnzLX8x5KZ0-t20VNl1ckmR4pnVSipoDWr05qgkzaEqdcy9IkiIv2T93_QStIfFld_XiXc-qspX5QaW_hSGD_5l_Ra6vZnju6ShteJHPENnSijzv3x4wqdulnfFo0aK1T-a44szICeew/s301/Wolgang%20Wilhelm%20(Wikipedia).jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Wolfgang Wilhelm, Count Palatine of Neuburg (Wikipedia)" border="0" data-original-height="301" data-original-width="212" height="145" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDaULdBGhFiQsi_wIkM1kw5x7IkPQ7HyGEd3HPVJ6lEqwZ3zKnzLX8x5KZ0-t20VNl1ckmR4pnVSipoDWr05qgkzaEqdcy9IkiIv2T93_QStIfFld_XiXc-qspX5QaW_hSGD_5l_Ra6vZnju6ShteJHPENnSijzv3x4wqdulnfFo0aK1T-a44szICeew/w102-h145/Wolgang%20Wilhelm%20(Wikipedia).jpg" title="Wolfgang Wilhelm, Count Palatine of Neuburg (Wikipedia)" width="102" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Wolfgang Wilhelm</td></tr></tbody></table><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt 0pt 13.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Until then, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Reihing</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> had been an extremely zealous advocate of the papacy, not only writing several pamphlets in defense of it and allegedly refuting the Evangelical-Lutheran doctrine, but </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">also actually persuading the formerly Lutheran <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgang_Wilhelm,_Count_Palatine_of_Neuburg" target="_blank">Count Palatine Wolfgang Wilhelm</a> to convert to the Roman Church in 1614</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Reihing was also the main instigator of the fact that the aforementioned Count Palatine expelled not only his former Lutheran court preacher Heilbrunner [</span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">G. Brock </span><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1xqwFE4g2be29HA3sL0GokpRz6wcCRh7m/edit#bookmark=id.qhpicbismj57" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">p. 145</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">], but also many of his subjects who remained Lutheran from the Neuburg Palatinate. Reihing explained to the world the reasons that had led Wolfgang Wilhelm to profess the papal religion in a pamphlet of his own entitled "The Walls of the Holy City" [</span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Preus </span><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1xA6j7qXSOPCXXd87qNh4kaoCD59mv7M-/edit#bookmark=id.6n38lc380x6h" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">p. 168</span></a><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">; Schall </span><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1yLUJQMzkTAZcRgzZfvGxTeBV77UFQk7G/edit#bookmark=id.wvan4tv03n7d" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">p. 10</span></a><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">; </span><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1QmaOJdVy-1ZZ3FsmHMh4hmARmOOzXteRawOHbX3N6Dg/edit#bookmark=id.tcc6mgjxego4" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">ADB</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">;</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">], i.e. the Roman Church. In short, Reihing showed himself to be </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">a true </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Jesuit</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, that is, a true bodyguard of the Pope</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">However, God had decided to make this man </span><span style="background-color: #ffe599; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">an encouraging example of the richness of his mercy</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> and the power of his enlightening grace</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlxwWOr_ap0vUj4hWWgeVS5vM-bcnMa65yu2uA0PmSGDx5gH4njwP-s6BuNZTQdkdZmqLV3oKCxE3qlQS1hXmaOAv4hPPegsPX79qdXyJdHcCbe12ToApNJK1otIuTaqek9ue5gRcswKDHyvA5F4U6YCOb9XDsRdV0O8zgnEF_V3IHwJiFH8Fwx41EkA/s441/Gerhard,%20Johann%20(portraitindex.de%20slash%20bilder%20slash%20zoom%20slash%20onB8102646T8102651).PNG" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="John Gerhard (Wikipedia)" border="0" data-original-height="441" data-original-width="322" height="148" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlxwWOr_ap0vUj4hWWgeVS5vM-bcnMa65yu2uA0PmSGDx5gH4njwP-s6BuNZTQdkdZmqLV3oKCxE3qlQS1hXmaOAv4hPPegsPX79qdXyJdHcCbe12ToApNJK1otIuTaqek9ue5gRcswKDHyvA5F4U6YCOb9XDsRdV0O8zgnEF_V3IHwJiFH8Fwx41EkA/w108-h148/Gerhard,%20Johann%20(portraitindex.de%20slash%20bilder%20slash%20zoom%20slash%20onB8102646T8102651).PNG" title="John Gerhard (Wikipedia)" width="108" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">John Gerhard:<br />“It is indeed a miracle”</td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt 0pt 13.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">So it happened that in 1621 Reihing (convinced by diligent reading of the Holy Scriptures, which he had been compelled to do), </span><span style="background-color: #d9ead3; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">against all expectations</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">applied for admission to the Evangelical Lutheran Church</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">This conversion caused a great sensation throughout Germany; even </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><b>J. Gerhard</b> wrote to a friend in Copenhagen in the same year: </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 10pt 31.5pt 0pt 27pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">"</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">You have no doubt heard that the notorious Jesuit Reihing has joined our side; </span><span style="background-color: #d9ead3; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">it is indeed a miracle</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> that such a Saul has become a Paul</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">."</span></p><div><br /></div></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - <i>Continued in <b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/h3b-how-reihing-jesuit-turned-lutheran.html" target="_blank">Part 3b</a></b></i> - - - - - - - - - - - - - -</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5QZjeZnt4cjH1RQJVatBa7m6GiO2r288rRdSvwGKI45V-turpyZUvFxdnfg1v2gtUqiFhWZDlJ9Wxz5BDBZo9yZQPVvjvoiCWXe13k4TlWH_aQn6cyB84x0qEw_inFaeO3XzDFk3Rh89hGgBs1BpStCke0WKeyYK0n63tzsvH0pPbTI0frb9Z6dxW1w/s309/Canisius,%20Petrus%20(Wikipedia).jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Peter Canisius" border="0" data-original-height="309" data-original-width="228" height="143" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5QZjeZnt4cjH1RQJVatBa7m6GiO2r288rRdSvwGKI45V-turpyZUvFxdnfg1v2gtUqiFhWZDlJ9Wxz5BDBZo9yZQPVvjvoiCWXe13k4TlWH_aQn6cyB84x0qEw_inFaeO3XzDFk3Rh89hGgBs1BpStCke0WKeyYK0n63tzsvH0pPbTI0frb9Z6dxW1w/w106-h143/Canisius,%20Petrus%20(Wikipedia).jpg" title="Peter Canisius" width="106" /></a></div> Walther says that Jesuit Reihing was the one who persuaded an important political figure, Wolfgang Wilhelm, to convert from Evangelical Lutheranism to Catholicism. In my reading of other online histories, I found no mention that Reihing was the instigator. The 1888 <a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Reihing,_Jacob#:~:text=ob%20R.%20dabei%20schon%20th%C3%A4tig%20gewesen%20ist%2C%20l%C3%A4%C3%9Ft%20sich%20nicht%20feststellen" target="_blank"><i>Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie</i> article states</a> of that time: “…but it cannot be determined whether Reihing was already active”; <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wJ9dAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA124#v=onepage&q=%22Besonders%20wurde%20der%20Katechismus%20des%20Kanisius%20hervorgehoben%2C%20welchen%20der%20Pfalzgraf%20acht%20Monate%20lang%20studirt%20haben%20sollte%22&f=false" target="_blank">G. Brock, a noted historian, states of Wolfgang Wilhelm, p. 124-125</a>: “The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Canisius#:~:text=especially%20through%20his%20%22German%20Catechism" target="_blank">Catechism</a> of [Jesuit <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Canisius" target="_blank">Peter] Canisius</a></b> was emphasized, which the Count Palatine was said to have studied for eight months. <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">At the same time</span>, Reihing's writing appeared: <i><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QzhBAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP5#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank">Muri civitatis sanctae</a></i> [<a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GzuFrpY57pgC&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=Muri%20civitatis%20sanctae%20das%20ist%20der%20Catholischen%20Religion%20XII%20Grundfesten&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank">DE</a>]”. I suspect that Walther had access to other historical resources that backed up his point, but he did not share that. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> Walther called Reihing's conversion "against all expectations", John Gerhard called it "a miracle", the <i><a href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd119520737.html#allcontent:~:text=Umso-,aufsehenerregender,-war%20im%20Jan" target="_blank">Neue Deutsche Biography</a></i> (2003) calls it "sensational" ("<i>aufsehenerregender</i>") and adds:</div><blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">"The reasons for Reihing's conversion to Protestantism are <b>still disputed today</b>."</div></blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">Disputed? The dispute comes only from the <u>opponents</u> to Protestantism. Reihing explicitly gave his reasons. In the next <b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/h3b-how-reihing-jesuit-turned-lutheran.html" target="_blank">Part 3b</a></b>, we conclude this brief history by Walther where he quotes Reihing's own "reasons for his conversion".</div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-76521353076660249062024-02-08T07:21:00.003-05:002024-02-24T05:50:58.535-05:00Hoe2: Evangelical Handbook, now in English (Another BTL book); no change in Rome<div style="text-align: justify;"> This continues from <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/walther-on-hoe-von-hoeneggs-little-book.html" target="_blank">Part 1</a> (Table of Contents in <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/walther-on-hoe-von-hoeneggs-little-book.html" target="_blank">Part 1</a>) in a series on Matthias Hoe von Hoenegg, and Lutheranism in south Germany and Austria. — With Walther's wish for an <u>English</u> translation of Hoe's popular work, I was encouraged to spend some weeks polishing a machine translation and adding many reference and navigational hyperlinks. As I worked, I was refreshed in my Christian faith. I particularly like Hoe's use of a question-and-answer format, and his handling of many objections. Here are a few highlights:</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>2:</b></span> "not the old, <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">but the very oldest faith is right</span>… Therefore, we do not deny that the papal doctrine is ancient, but we are content to know that <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">it is not the most ancient</span>"</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: medium;">12:</span></b> "Is it not allowed to base an article [of faith], or to make decisions, <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">on traditions and statutes of men</span>? <b style="background-color: #fff2cc;">By no means</b>…" [<span style="color: red;"><i>Catechism of the Catholic Church</i>: </span><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: red;"><a href="https://www.catholicculture.org/culture/library/catechism/index.cfm?recnum=428#:~:text=The%20task%20of%20interpreting%20the%20Word%20of%20God%20authentically%20has%20been%20entrusted%20solely%20to%20the%20Magisterium%20of%20the%20Church%2C%20that%20is%2C%20to%20the%20Pope%20and%20to%20the%20bishops%20in%20communion%20with%20him" target="_blank">§</a></span></span><span style="color: red;"><a href="https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/32/#zoom=z" target="_blank"> 100</a> "The task of interpreting the Word of God authentically has been entrusted <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">solely to the Magisterium of the Church, that is, to the Pope</span> and to the bishops in communion with him."</span>]</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: medium;">18:</span></b> "Why is it called <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">catholic</span>? Not, as the popes think, because most of the world adheres to it: for Christ calls his army a small army, Luke 12:32. <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Sin would be much more catholic</span>…"</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: medium;">33:</span></b> Justification: "According to the <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Jesuits</span>, it is the righteousness by which we are <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">justified by our own works and obedience. This is poured into us by God</span>…"</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: medium;">44:</span></b> "<span style="text-align: left;">Why did Luther add the word <b style="background-color: #fff2cc;">alone</b>, Rom. 3 [:28], since it is not in the Greek text? … He has hereby declared the …</span><span style="text-align: left;"> <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">the emphasis of the Greek language</span>." [<span style="color: red;"><u>No</u> reference to this verse in Catholic <i>Catechism</i></span>]</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: medium;">60:</span></b> <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Sacraments</span> "can bear no fruit, nor be useful for eternal salvation, <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">if faith is not present</span>"</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>66:</b></span> Lord's Supper: "the popes call themselves <i>Creatores Creatoris</i>, <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Creators of the Creator</span>"</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: medium;">77:</span></b> "but the Popes mean something else by <b style="background-color: #fff2cc;">the Mass</b>, namely their supposed <b style="background-color: #fff2cc;">sacrifice</b>"</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: medium;">93:</span></b> "a matter of preference, of the tiresome pride… the <b style="background-color: #fff2cc;">arrogance of the clergy</b>"</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>98:</b></span> "Fathers… had not held a <b style="background-color: #fff2cc;">propitiatory sacrifice for the departed souls</b>… <b style="background-color: #fff2cc;">as happens in the papacy</b>"</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: medium;">111:</span></b> 1 Cor. 3:15: "some of the Fathers… have brought <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">purgatory <b>into</b> the passage</span><span style="text-align: left;">, not drawn <b style="background-color: #fff2cc;">from</b> it</span>" [<span style="color: red;">Cp. to </span><a href="https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/270/#zoom=z" target="_blank"><i>Catechism of the Catholic Church</i>, § 1030-1031</a>]</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: medium;">129:</span></b> "The <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Holy Spirit</span>… <b style="background-color: #fff2cc;">does not direct us to the Pope</b>, but to the Holy Scriptures"</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-size: medium;">140:</span></b> Question: "…the popes are many, therefore the popes cannot be <b style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Antichrist</b>. [Answer:] <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">…the Scriptures [</span><span style="text-align: left;">2 Thess. 2:3}</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"> use the term <b>'one man' </b>to mean<b> many </b>people</span>." </div><div style="text-align: center;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - </div><div style="text-align: justify;">The following is a "Table of Contents" to give an overview of the contents (the hyperlinks direct one to a separate online publication).</div><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="c17" style="font-family: Basic; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">1: </span><span class="c36 c7" style="color: #0066cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none;"><a class="c23" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR64rDMGyAh1rgQGYyf1n9PIk8fo_szN-Qww11zBfZ4E8XMyMwDl6tyiX34lkkvBg/pub#id.2s8eyo1" style="text-decoration: inherit;" target="_blank">Of the Holy Scriptures</a></span><span class="c38 c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; vertical-align: baseline;"> 11</span></span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="c17" style="font-family: Basic; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">2: </span><span class="c36 c7" style="color: #0066cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none;"><a class="c23" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR64rDMGyAh1rgQGYyf1n9PIk8fo_szN-Qww11zBfZ4E8XMyMwDl6tyiX34lkkvBg/pub#id.17dp8vu" style="text-decoration: inherit;">Of the Church</a></span><span class="c38 c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; vertical-align: baseline;"> 17</span></span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="c17" style="font-family: Basic; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">3: </span><span class="c36 c7" style="color: #0066cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none;"><a class="c23" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR64rDMGyAh1rgQGYyf1n9PIk8fo_szN-Qww11zBfZ4E8XMyMwDl6tyiX34lkkvBg/pub#id.3rdcrjn" style="text-decoration: inherit;">Of Justification</a></span><span class="c38 c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; vertical-align: baseline;"> 33</span></span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="c17" style="font-family: Basic; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">4: </span><span class="c36 c7" style="color: #0066cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none;"><a class="c23" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR64rDMGyAh1rgQGYyf1n9PIk8fo_szN-Qww11zBfZ4E8XMyMwDl6tyiX34lkkvBg/pub#id.26in1rg" style="text-decoration: inherit;">Of the invocation of the saints</a></span><span class="c38 c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; vertical-align: baseline;"> 49</span></span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="c17" style="font-family: Basic; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">5: </span><span class="c36 c7" style="color: #0066cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none;"><a class="c23" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR64rDMGyAh1rgQGYyf1n9PIk8fo_szN-Qww11zBfZ4E8XMyMwDl6tyiX34lkkvBg/pub#id.lnxbz9" style="text-decoration: inherit;">Of the Sacraments</a></span><span class="c38 c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; vertical-align: baseline;"> 58</span></span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="c17" style="font-family: Basic; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">6: </span><span class="c36 c7" style="color: #0066cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none;"><a class="c23" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR64rDMGyAh1rgQGYyf1n9PIk8fo_szN-Qww11zBfZ4E8XMyMwDl6tyiX34lkkvBg/pub#id.35nkun2" style="text-decoration: inherit;">Of the Holy Supper</a></span><span class="c38 c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; vertical-align: baseline;"> 63</span></span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="c17" style="font-family: Basic; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">7: </span><span class="c36 c7" style="color: #0066cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none;"><a class="c23" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR64rDMGyAh1rgQGYyf1n9PIk8fo_szN-Qww11zBfZ4E8XMyMwDl6tyiX34lkkvBg/pub#id.1ksv4uv" style="text-decoration: inherit;">On Reserving, Enclosing, Adoration of the Sacrament</a></span><span class="c38 c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; vertical-align: baseline;"> 68</span></span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="c17" style="font-family: Basic; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">8: </span><span class="c36 c7" style="color: #0066cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none;"><a class="c23" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR64rDMGyAh1rgQGYyf1n9PIk8fo_szN-Qww11zBfZ4E8XMyMwDl6tyiX34lkkvBg/pub#id.44sinio" style="text-decoration: inherit;">On the Feast of Corpus Christi</a></span><span class="c38 c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; vertical-align: baseline;"> 71</span></span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="c17" style="font-family: Basic; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">9: </span><span class="c36 c7" style="color: #0066cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none;"><a class="c23" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR64rDMGyAh1rgQGYyf1n9PIk8fo_szN-Qww11zBfZ4E8XMyMwDl6tyiX34lkkvBg/pub#id.z337ya" style="text-decoration: inherit;">Of the Mass</a></span><span class="c38 c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; vertical-align: baseline;"> 74</span></span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="c17" style="font-family: Basic; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">10: </span><span class="c36 c7" style="color: #0066cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none;"><a class="c23" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR64rDMGyAh1rgQGYyf1n9PIk8fo_szN-Qww11zBfZ4E8XMyMwDl6tyiX34lkkvBg/pub#id.3j2qqm3" style="text-decoration: inherit;">Of One or Both Kinds in the Holy Sacrament of the Altar</a></span><span class="c38 c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; vertical-align: baseline;"> 85</span></span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="c17" style="font-family: Basic; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">11: </span><span class="c36 c7" style="color: #0066cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none;"><a class="c23" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR64rDMGyAh1rgQGYyf1n9PIk8fo_szN-Qww11zBfZ4E8XMyMwDl6tyiX34lkkvBg/pub#id.1y810tw" style="text-decoration: inherit;">On Sacrificing and Praying for the Dead</a></span><span class="c38 c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; vertical-align: baseline;"> 96</span></span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="c17" style="font-family: Basic; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">12: </span><span class="c36 c7" style="color: #0066cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none;"><a class="c23" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR64rDMGyAh1rgQGYyf1n9PIk8fo_szN-Qww11zBfZ4E8XMyMwDl6tyiX34lkkvBg/pub#id.4i7ojhp" style="text-decoration: inherit;" target="_blank">Of Purgatory</a></span><span class="c38 c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; vertical-align: baseline;"> 102</span></span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="c17" style="font-family: Basic; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">13: </span><span class="c36 c7" style="color: #0066cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none;"><a class="c23" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR64rDMGyAh1rgQGYyf1n9PIk8fo_szN-Qww11zBfZ4E8XMyMwDl6tyiX34lkkvBg/pub#id.2xcytpi" style="text-decoration: inherit;">Of Celibacy or Priestly Marriage</a></span><span class="c38 c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; vertical-align: baseline;"> 116</span></span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="c17" style="font-family: Basic; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">14: </span><span class="c36 c7" style="color: #0066cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none;"><a class="c23" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR64rDMGyAh1rgQGYyf1n9PIk8fo_szN-Qww11zBfZ4E8XMyMwDl6tyiX34lkkvBg/pub#id.1ci93xb" style="text-decoration: inherit;">Of the Roman Pope and thus of the Antichrist</a></span><span class="c38 c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; vertical-align: baseline;"> 127</span></span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="c17" style="font-family: Basic; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span class="c7 c36" style="color: #0066cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none;"><a class="c23" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR64rDMGyAh1rgQGYyf1n9PIk8fo_szN-Qww11zBfZ4E8XMyMwDl6tyiX34lkkvBg/pub#id.3whwml4" style="text-decoration: inherit;">I. First part: What does Pope want to be: Universal head</a></span><span class="c38 c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; vertical-align: baseline;"> 128</span></span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="c17" style="font-family: Basic; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span class="c36 c7" style="color: #0066cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none;"><a class="c23" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR64rDMGyAh1rgQGYyf1n9PIk8fo_szN-Qww11zBfZ4E8XMyMwDl6tyiX34lkkvBg/pub#id.2bn6wsx" style="text-decoration: inherit;">II. Second part: What does the Pope not want to be: Antichrist</a></span><span class="c38 c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; vertical-align: baseline;"> 137</span></span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><p class="c17" style="font-family: Basic; line-height: 1.25; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0pt; padding-top: 0pt; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="c36 c7" style="color: #0066cc; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none;"><a class="c23" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR64rDMGyAh1rgQGYyf1n9PIk8fo_szN-Qww11zBfZ4E8XMyMwDl6tyiX34lkkvBg/pub#id.qsh70q" style="text-decoration: inherit;">Luther’s Open Letter on Translating “Alone” in Rom. 3:28</a></span><span class="c38 c7" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; vertical-align: baseline;"> 142</span></span></p></div></blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">The original German publication used the margins to provide helpful Scripture references. Because many page numbers are linked to their respective Google Books page, one may immediately find what these Scripture references are by clicking on the page number. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> The following makes a good supplement to Luther's <i>Small Catechism</i>, and the Lutheran Confessions. An appendix of Luther's letter explaining his use of the word "alone" when translating Romans 3:28 is most helpful to once again have Luther's explanation to encourage readers in their Christian faith. Although this translation is far from perfect, and suffers from a lack of understanding of some Germanisms, may the following provide a resource for those wanting to learn more, or be reminded of, why the church of the Reformation, the Lutheran Church, had to come about.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> Because Hoe's Bible references were only to the chapter and not the verse, I have inserted the verse numbers in <span style="color: red;">red text</span> for the convenience of the reader. Full navigational links are provided:</div>
<iframe height="600" src="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vR64rDMGyAh1rgQGYyf1n9PIk8fo_szN-Qww11zBfZ4E8XMyMwDl6tyiX34lkkvBg/pub?embedded=true" width="650"></iframe>
<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: times;">A DOCX file of the above may be downloaded <b><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1sMerEH8iWGqzbwBv3j5m9bYX7ow-bSb8/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=101561581649277893705&rtpof=true&sd=true" target="_blank">here</a></b>, PDF on the Internet Archive <b><a href="https://archive.org/details/hoe-von-hoenegg-evangelisches-handbuchlein/mode/1up" target="_blank">here</a></b>; the original German text <b><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Syg34LsLQiBWMf3ylblgCjRRDo7OvVIU/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=101561581649277893705&rtpof=true&sd=true" target="_blank">here</a></b>.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> At least some teachers and pastors in the LC-MS will object that Hoe's <i>Evangelical Handbook</i> no longer applies to today's Catholic Church, especially after <a href="https://cyclopedia.lcms.org/definitions?mode=filter&page=0&filter=VATICAN%20II&definition=9637CF89-B266-EE11-9148-0050563F0205#:~:text=2.%20Vatican%20Council%20II" target="_blank">Vatican II</a>. But the core doctrines of the Catholic Church have <u>not</u> changed! Even <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2019/05/floridas-true-martyrs-massacred-by-holy.html#:~:text=%E2%80%9CThe%20pope%20did%20not%20propose%20that%20the%20%5BVatican%20II%5D%20council%20revise%20or%20change%20Roman%20Catholic%20doctrine.%E2%80%9D%20(Meyer%2DTjernagel%2C%20A%20History%20of%20Western%20Christianity%2C%20p%20271)" target="_blank">LC-MS theologians stated in 1971</a> that “The pope <u>did not</u> propose that the [Vatican II] council revise or change Roman Catholic doctrine.” [<a href="https://drive.google.com/open?id=1vTd5jSHInXqJTiIlkL4d1Xc--FxLyCsY" target="_blank">p. 271</a>] — Even with their offering of both <a href="https://archive.org/details/hoe-von-hoenegg-evangelisches-handbuchlein/page/85/mode/1up?q=%22The+tenth+article.+toc%22" target="_blank">kinds in the Lord's Supper</a>, they maintain, in their <i><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240112064106/https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10006a.htm#:~:text=communion%20under%20one%20form%20only%20is%20the%20reception%20of%20the%20whole%20sacrament" target="_blank">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>, that "communion under <u>one form only is the reception of the whole sacrament</u>." In other words, they still maintain, by their decrees, that they <u>can</u> go against Christ's institution of both kinds, bread and wine. — </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> I had to laugh out loud when I read Hoe's defense of the true doctrine of the <b>Antichrist </b>on <a href="https://archive.org/details/hoe-von-hoenegg-evangelisches-handbuchlein/page/140/mode/1up?q=%22It+is+evident+from+this+that+Paul+did+not+mean+to+imply+only+one+person+by+the+word+man%22" target="_blank">pages 140-141</a>. Even in his day, as with today's LC-MS teachers, leaders, and pastors, the objection is heard that <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2022/09/the-lcms-does-not-teach-nor-has-it-ever.html#:~:text=that%20any%20individual,with%20the%20Antichrist" target="_blank">no individual Pope can be identified as "the Antichrist</a>". Hoe gives the perfect answer, and proves that <u>individual</u> Popes, not just the office of the "papacy" must be identified as "the Antichrist". It is <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vQtIZfctcRYC&pg=RA1-PA475#v=onepage&q=%22that%20the%20Pope%20is%20the%20very%20Antichrist%22&f=false" target="_blank">written into the Smalcald Articles</a> of the Lutheran Confessions. And <u>defended</u> again by Hoe von Hoenegg in 1603. — I had to laugh again when I read in the <a href="https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/178/#zoom=z" target="_blank"><i>Catechism of the Catholic Church</i> § 675</a> of the "Antichrist" that he is "<b>a pseudo-messianism</b> by which <b>man glorifies himself</b> in place of God." Of course their Bible reference of 2 Thess. 2:4-12 says nothing about this type of "pseudo-messianism."</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> Has the Catholic doctrine of <b>Transubstantiation</b> changed since Hoe's day? No. Their <i>Catechism</i> states on <a href="https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/348/#zoom=z" target="_blank">p. 346, § 1375</a>: "It is by the conversion of the bread and wine into Christ's body and blood that Christ becomes present in this sacrament."</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> Now that <span>Walther's wish</span> that this little book be translated into English has come true, may it once again become popular as it was for 200 years after it first appeared. May it provide the <u>same</u> defense against the <u>same</u> errors of the Pope's Church, the Roman Catholic Church.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> But this story does not end here, it leads into much more Church history for the lands that Hoe came from — <u>south</u> Germany, Bavaria, Austria, Salzburg. In the next <b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/h3a-walther-on-jesuit-convert-jacob.html" target="_blank">Part 3</a></b>, we go into the remarkable history of the Jesuit turned Lutheran, <b>Jacob Reihing</b>, the one whom Walther dramatically highlighted for his American Lutheran readers. I wanted to find out all that I could of this remarkable man. </div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-92122764751531826672024-02-05T15:34:00.016-05:002024-03-05T17:15:47.474-05:00Walther on Hoe von Hoenegg's little book: polemic converts Jesuit; a 200-year favorite (Part 1 of 9)<div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSMllX3XEpfBi2G7I-YeD3s7335dtYKeyZxLEriLwXJVXp7qltt_Zq8IUU-XXrjNPXQlj0sB4hMkhfzoSkzWNpdZmvDLVLz9acolXQHJytwcr8SWJ0x-TmecVgsXmlEJg4puIajGHLJs-hKKdbS_vDiUPlEpkV-7GrI3Yz6berwIx0W4mi0195k60iZw/s148/Walther,%20CFW%20-%20Walther%20Speaks%20to%20the%20Church%20p%2099%20138x148.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="148" data-original-width="138" height="114" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSMllX3XEpfBi2G7I-YeD3s7335dtYKeyZxLEriLwXJVXp7qltt_Zq8IUU-XXrjNPXQlj0sB4hMkhfzoSkzWNpdZmvDLVLz9acolXQHJytwcr8SWJ0x-TmecVgsXmlEJg4puIajGHLJs-hKKdbS_vDiUPlEpkV-7GrI3Yz6berwIx0W4mi0195k60iZw/w106-h114/Walther,%20CFW%20-%20Walther%20Speaks%20to%20the%20Church%20p%2099%20138x148.jpg" width="106" /></a></div> <br /> C. F. W. Walther was always ready to promote good Lutheran books to his people. And so his emphatic recommendation of the following book, by an author unknown to me and with a somewhat odd name, caught my eye, and oh! I had to dig deeper into the story of the author, the book itself, and the great effect it had for Lutheranism in his day when the Reformation was undergoing great stress from the Roman Catholic Church in the 1600s, also in the 1700s. (Although I have already posted <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2022/02/jesuit-then-lutheran-walther-knew-why.html" target="_blank">a blog 2 years ago</a> on a portion of this, I am now publishing the full text.)</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHF2iV35YO2SBGlH-HCw9kd9PgLxpSu_d8FyYCqs82BjeSJkuyEA-1a2vY4cHNMI8SIw45-qIjm6nuKHmTNkaLsfOsPGj4ztzHJlVh-hjJ9bztHSTFhYlrz6LrYC_LA4QJdqGTQHmc28mQTz-wGz6p_dmwAudMKX4wugxVT76r_ezFTUzDGVNIsYFfQw/s890/Schmeling%20-%20Great%20Fathers%20of%20the%20Lutheran%20Faith%20cvr1%2050pct.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Lives and Writings of the Great Fathers of the Lutheran Church (CPH 2016)" border="0" data-original-height="890" data-original-width="584" height="209" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHF2iV35YO2SBGlH-HCw9kd9PgLxpSu_d8FyYCqs82BjeSJkuyEA-1a2vY4cHNMI8SIw45-qIjm6nuKHmTNkaLsfOsPGj4ztzHJlVh-hjJ9bztHSTFhYlrz6LrYC_LA4QJdqGTQHmc28mQTz-wGz6p_dmwAudMKX4wugxVT76r_ezFTUzDGVNIsYFfQw/w136-h209/Schmeling%20-%20Great%20Fathers%20of%20the%20Lutheran%20Faith%20cvr1%2050pct.jpg" title="Lives and Writings of the Great Fathers of the Lutheran Church (CPH 2016)" width="136" /></a></div> Who was <b>Matthias Hoe von Hoenegg</b> (or Hoë von Hoënegg, 1580-1645)? As Walther describes him below, he was the chief court preacher in Dresden, Saxony, in North Germany. But he was originally from South Germany. In the 2016 CPH book <i><a href="https://www.cph.org/lives-and-writings-of-the-great-fathers-of-the-lutheran-church#product-review-container" target="_blank">Lives and Writings of the Great Fathers of the Lutheran Church</a></i> he is only mentioned a few times, and not featured as many other orthodox theologians. Dr. Robert Kolb makes the point that he "wielded a great deal of political influence", <a href="https://s3.amazonaws.com/cph-org-assets/media/pdf/531215.pdf#page=15" target="_blank">p. 18</a>, a favorite subject for him. Another writer points out that Hoe held a high regard for the Lutheran theologian John Gerhard. And finally, his association and influence on <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balthasar_Meisner" target="_blank">Balthasar Meisner</a>, who was another great Lutheran theologian, is mentioned by essayist David R. Preus. Preus goes into more detail on Hoe in his <a href="https://scholar.csl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1120&context=phd" target="_blank">2018 PhD dissertation</a> stating (<a href="https://scholar.csl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1120&context=phd#page=150" target="_blank">p. 132</a>): "His many sermons, advisory opinions (Gutachten), and <u>polemical writings</u> made for effective propaganda and exerted <u>a tremendous amount of influence on public opinion</u>". Walther, however, focuses on Hoe himself and on the tremendous influence of his powerful polemics against the doctrines of the Roman Catholic Church. How glad I was to have Walther's judgment so that I may get true Church History, something the "objectivists" seem unable to fully comprehend. — From <a href="https://archive.org/details/dl-27-1870-1871-deep-l-en/page/111/mode/1up?q=%22Matthias+Hoe+von+Hoenegg%22" target="_blank"><i>Der Lutheraner</i>, vol. 27 (March 15, 1871), p. 111</a><a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1YfDxwDOA96mOo3zfKthjmmboudBveYpeMRhsZAK40Ms/edit" target="_blank">:</a> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-bc67734b-7fff-128b-ce50-150b0d9945e3"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0cpDfQ7FyxQC&pg=PP7%23v=onepage&q&f=false" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Evangelical Handbook</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdDGzqtB5qFcn0QurtbNpMRPYPKKvX6noy79ZH8uNNLjSQP7WoW4A_0C1INBAH6n1jqUUr4DULD4621HbmwA8y2pf5iIQAkQKM2zB5KXcxJ3hCK76wLt0h-AMFZt-q_7E-RFWuF5nePSFOa1BXd9olb5RX3R_IqMZTW8EG8clk6dHaKSj478sOjN9OQA/s302/Hoe%20von%20Hoenegg%20(portraitindex.de).jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Matthias Hoe von Hoenegg (Lucas Kilian, portraitindex.de)" border="0" data-original-height="302" data-original-width="239" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdDGzqtB5qFcn0QurtbNpMRPYPKKvX6noy79ZH8uNNLjSQP7WoW4A_0C1INBAH6n1jqUUr4DULD4621HbmwA8y2pf5iIQAkQKM2zB5KXcxJ3hCK76wLt0h-AMFZt-q_7E-RFWuF5nePSFOa1BXd9olb5RX3R_IqMZTW8EG8clk6dHaKSj478sOjN9OQA/w127-h160/Hoe%20von%20Hoenegg%20(portraitindex.de).jpg" title="Matthias Hoe von Hoenegg (Lucas Kilian, portraitindex.de)" width="127" /></a><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"></span></div></span></div><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><p style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">in which it is irrefutably proven from several passages of Holy Scripture how the so-called Lutheran faith is truly catholic, but the papal doctrine is fundamentally erroneous and contrary to the bright Word of God. By </span><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nH5OAQAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&pg=PA331#v=onepage&q=Hoenegg&f=false" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Matthias Hoe von Hoenegg</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> [</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthias_Ho%C3%AB_von_Ho%C3%ABnegg" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Wikipedia</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Reihing,_Jacob" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">ADB</span></a>, <a href="https://www.prdl.org/author_view.php?a_id=1956" target="_blank">PRDL</a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">]. Dresden by Heinrich Naumann. 1870.</span></p></div></blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The author of this little book, born in Vienna, died as chief court preacher in Dresden in 1645, was a theologian who was as learned as he was godly and spiritual. Proof of this is his </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0cpDfQ7FyxQC&pg=PP7%23v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank">Evangelical Handbook</a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. It is <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">undoubtedly </span></span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">the most thorough and beautiful of the short writings on the refutation of papism that are comprehensible to everyone</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. While </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">it proves everything irrefutably from God's Word</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, it also gives the most convincing evidence for this from the Church Fathers, not only in Latin, but also always in German translation. The booklet has the particular advantage that </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">it is written with great enthusiasm for the faith</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">not in a stiff, scholarly style, but in a highly lively, popular style</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. Since 1603, when it was first published, it has been </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">a favorite book of the people in Germany for two hundred years</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> and has therefore often been reprinted. For a long time, the papists did not dare to attempt a refutation of this little book, which was so unassailably entrenched in God's Word. </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglzYycjwB3hyphenhyphen8Y9MV8nI9muae1TjjTY8ygHd-9Wie6Bcgmr_QopRDKp8BP8COnXsS1Uf1MkEc49GXUJn_XqVT7E3856Cs63EcrsuGWnRsO1kpAwFNms93_gSYAVNui8mvlb3BvgqDdOevWCqJfLGCarrKUw0zew7YL1uIGvhutToCCGPMpvUzXOnzizQ/s426/Reihing,%20Catholic%20Handbuch%20pano.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Jakob Reihing (Jesuit), his "Catholic Handbook") (Wikipedia, Google Books)" border="0" data-original-height="353" data-original-width="426" height="197" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglzYycjwB3hyphenhyphen8Y9MV8nI9muae1TjjTY8ygHd-9Wie6Bcgmr_QopRDKp8BP8COnXsS1Uf1MkEc49GXUJn_XqVT7E3856Cs63EcrsuGWnRsO1kpAwFNms93_gSYAVNui8mvlb3BvgqDdOevWCqJfLGCarrKUw0zew7YL1uIGvhutToCCGPMpvUzXOnzizQ/w237-h197/Reihing,%20Catholic%20Handbuch%20pano.jpg" title="Jakob Reihing (Jesuit), his "Catholic Handbook") (Wikipedia, Google Books)" width="237" /></a></span></div><p></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Finally, the famous Jesuit Dr. </span><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Reihing" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Jakob Reihing</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> set about against it and wrote his [</span><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y1ROAAAAcAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=intitle%3ACatholisches%20intitle%3AHandbuch%20inauthor%3AReihing&pg=PP7#v=onepage&q&f=false" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Catholic</span><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] </span><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Handbook</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. But what happened? When this Jesuit was urged to refute the scriptural evidence given in the handbook [of Hoe] and to substantiate his own assertions with Scripture, the light finally dawned on him by the grace of God, he converted, became a Lutheran, </span><a href="https://reader.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/fs1/object/display/bsb11118695_00009.html" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">revoked his own supposed refutation of the </span><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Handbook</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> [</span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">see his explicit retraction on </span><a href="https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/view/bsb11118695?page=17" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">p. 17</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] and showed of himself what fallacies he had made. In 1628 he finally died as a Lutheran professor and superintendent in Tübingen, blessed and calm in his faith in his one Mediator. So, dear reader, if you want an armor for yourself against the papacy that always has victorious weapons against it – you have them in the "Handbook". </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">It is </span><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0cpDfQ7FyxQC&pg=PP7#v=onepage&q&f=false" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">a booklet of 157 pages</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, and is to be had from our agent, Mr. M. C. Barthel, Corner of 7th & Lafayette Streets, St. Louis, Mo. well bound for 60 Cts. </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">It would be very desirable that this delightful little book should be translated into English, and thus made accessible to Lutherans who only understand English</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="text-wrap: nowrap;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">W. [Walther]</span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnRQ06PbxqZnJfBURVdSjvKMYYX0a8Z1RA4PbgPt-qnBO2bFIvYDj0B4Qscv1bd2T0EKXA4J7zxNXRXThj00qwtmeZ2GzNlKnfpP5DQEAJpP22CVMIcwDmOYrJtcRVGmU8tyMhcPssSo6vXlQnJPH0Yocc4vuPeCrZNg-WPxD8_VYNWM72-ZcNAM1ggw/s274/Reihing,%20Jacob,%20Revocation%20title%20page%20(Wikipedia).jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="274" data-original-width="199" height="222" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnRQ06PbxqZnJfBURVdSjvKMYYX0a8Z1RA4PbgPt-qnBO2bFIvYDj0B4Qscv1bd2T0EKXA4J7zxNXRXThj00qwtmeZ2GzNlKnfpP5DQEAJpP22CVMIcwDmOYrJtcRVGmU8tyMhcPssSo6vXlQnJPH0Yocc4vuPeCrZNg-WPxD8_VYNWM72-ZcNAM1ggw/w161-h222/Reihing,%20Jacob,%20Revocation%20title%20page%20(Wikipedia).jpg" width="161" /></a></div><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - </div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;">(At right is the title page of Reihing's great "<a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mV1WAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP9#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank">Retraction</a>" of his own Jesuit <i>Catholic Handbuch</i>.)</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> We took note of Walther's description that Hoe's little book was "not in a stiff, scholarly style", the style of indifferent German theologians of Walther's day, also like the style of LC-MS theologian Dr Robert Kolb. Walther's brief passionate announcement has sparked a great interest in one who was a bulwark against the errors of the papal doctrines, a <u>scriptural</u> defender of the truth. It also sent me on a journey into the history surrounding the land that Hoe came from, south Germany and Bavaria, its early Lutheran history, and its sad subsequent history of Catholic domination, <u>even today</u>.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> Less than one year after Walther's blurb appeared, his colleague <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2020/01/walther-ed-preuss-apostasy-to.html" target="_blank">Dr. Eduard Preuss</a> departed and converted to the Roman Catholic Church. This book would then become especially useful to educate the people on why Catholic doctrine was <u>poison</u>.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> Walther's remarkable wish that Hoe's book be translated <u>into English</u> for later generations, like me, is about to come true, in the next <b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/hoe2-evangelical-handbook-now-in.html" target="_blank">Part 2</a></b>… </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - <b><span style="font-size: large;">Table of Contents</span></b> - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - </div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/walther-on-hoe-von-hoeneggs-little-book.html" target="_blank">Part 1</a></b>: Walther announces and reviews Hoe's book in 1871; reveals Jesuit Reihing's conversion</div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/hoe2-evangelical-handbook-now-in.html" target="_blank">Part 2</a></b>: Hoe von Hoenegg's <i>Evangelical Handbook</i>, now in English (Another BTL book) </div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/h3a-walther-on-jesuit-convert-jacob.html" target="_blank">Part 3a</a></b>: Walther on Jesuit convert Jacob Reihing; "a miracle", "still disputed today"</div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/h3b-how-reihing-jesuit-turned-lutheran.html" target="_blank">Part 3b</a></b>: How Reihing, Jesuit, turned Lutheran; Rome now using Reihing's method</div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/h3c-jacob-reihing-4-histories-pivotal.html" target="_blank">Part 3c</a></b>: Jacob Reihing: 4 histories; pivotal figure in church history</div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/h4-hoes-book-200-year-favorite-for.html" target="_blank">Part 4</a></b>: Hoe's book, 200-year favorite, for South Germany; Salzburg expulsion of 1731</div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/h5-salzburgers-emigration-they.html" target="_blank">Part 5</a></b>: Salzburgers' emigration: "they went…singing hymns"; now in Georgia, a "reconciliation"?</div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/03/h6a-missouri-pastor-salzburger-f-e.html" target="_blank">Part 6a</a></b>: Missouri pastor, a "Salzburger": F. E. Pasche's personal account</div><div style="text-align: left;"><b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/03/h6b-pasches-history-part-2.html" target="_blank">Part 6b</a></b>: Pasche, part 2: Germany —> America; to "the world-famous, truly Lutheran, Missouri Synod"</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">After the break below, for those that would like to read a (somewhat critical) biography of Hoe, the following is my translation of the <a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Ho%C3%AB_von_Ho%C3%ABnegg,_Matthias" target="_blank">1880 article in the <i>Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie</i></a> by <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Brecher" target="_blank">Adolf Brecher</a>. This includes my <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">highlighting</span> and comments in <span style="color: red;">red text</span> within square brackets<a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/16EFEVA-zwsl-meQJPmXUtxjluCYJSqjRbDaR2GUtm9k/edit" target="_blank">.</a> [<a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vQJ5ppZ5qgGQf9SiiTeGwMTnDGEM8loYqtsIxzktiVpAyXmPpJ92RSRMEgLVeo1Umt1JUNObvsUtRFQ/pub" target="_blank">web</a>]</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /><span><a name='more'></a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;">————————————————————————</div><br /><span id="docs-internal-guid-6f532aae-7fff-4e0d-aee7-27a6d6cda71b"><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 3pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 3pt; text-align: center;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">[</span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Ho%C3%AB_von_Ho%C3%ABnegg,_Matthias" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">ADB article on Hoe von Hoenegg</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">]</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 13.5pt;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Hoë</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">: </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Matthias</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> Hoë von Hoënegg, theologian, was the youngest of three sons of Dr. </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Ho%C3%AB_von_Ho%C3%ABnegg,_Leonhard" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Leonh. Hoë</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, who was born in Franconia, came to Vienna and gradually rose from advocacy to professorship and deanship in the Faculty of Law, finally, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">although he was a Protestant</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">see </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor#:~:text=attachment%20to%20Protestants%20either%20except%20as%20a%20counter%2Dweight%20to%20papal%20policies" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">this</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> for explanation</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">], </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">was ennobled by Emperor </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Rudolf_II._(Kaiser)" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Rudolf II</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> in 1592 with the additional title of Hoënegg</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">appointed an Imperial Court Councillor in 1596</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> and died on March 4, 1599. His mother was Helena v. Wollzogen, daughter of the Lower Austrian Hofkammerrath v. Wollzogen. — Matthias v. Hoë was born in Vienna in 1580. Of delicate health and frail physique, he only began his studies at the Cathedral School of St. Stephen in Vienna at the age of 7, but later developed all the more quickly due to his good disposition and easy grasp. At the age of 14 he was sent to the grammar school in Steyer in Austria, where the Austrian nobility preferred to have their sons educated at the time. If he had thus escaped the solicitations of the Catholics for his conversion, he was now caught up in the battle between his </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Flacius,_Matthias" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Flacian</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> tutor and a Calvinist teacher, the outcome of which frightened his Lutheran father until his son left for university. This </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">appears </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">to have taken place in 1597. At first Hoë attended lectures in Vienna; then his parents, recognizing his particular inclination towards theology, decided to send him to the stronghold of the Evangelical Church and pure Lutheranism, Wittenberg. Highly recommended by the Saxon envoy in Vienna, he arrived in Wittenberg on July 15, 1597 and was enrolled the following day. He was warmly received in the professorial circles, as Hoë himself praises, and the </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">excellent diligence with which he first studied philosophy, then theology and jurisprudence in equal measure</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, led one to expect the best from him in each of these sciences. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">But he remained faithful to theology</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. Admitted to the licentiate in 1601, he lectured and preached diligently. After passing his theological examinations, he was appointed third court preacher in Dresden on February 24, 1602 by Elector Christian II, to whom he had recommended himself in a congratulatory letter on his accession to the throne in September 1601. Despite his short time in office, he was able to win the favor of the Elector and the court to such an extent that </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">he threatened to outdo his older ministers </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Leyser,_Polykarp_von_(lutherischer_Theologe)" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Polykarp Leyser</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> and Blate</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Brecher </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">assumes</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> a rivalry</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">]. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Fortunately for both</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, the vacancy of the superintendency in Plauen offered the opportunity to remove </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">his dangerous rival</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">?!</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] there. On January 1, 1604, he took up his new post and on March 6 of that year he was awarded a doctorate in theology by </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Hutter,_Leonhard" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Leonh. Hutter</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> in Wittenberg. The Elector had supported him with 200 guilders for the expenses for this, as he had also shown him his favor during his stay in Dresden in the most generous way with money and other gifts. – Hoë's effectiveness in Plauen </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">seems to have been a blessed one. He possessed the ability to [542] win people over</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">He succeeded in doing this all the more easily with the citizens of Plauen, the more he had actually rendered service to his congregation in difficult times of need and at the same time had turned down a number of advantageous </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">callings </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">for their love</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. However, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">he believed</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> he had to accept the call of the German Evangelical congregation in Prague, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">because higher political considerations came into play</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. He took up his new office in May 1611. He thus took over the management of the entire church and school system of that parish as "director" for an indefinite period, as </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">he was only on leave of absence from the Elector, so to speak</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. The new situation in which he now found himself was difficult on all sides. If he had believed that he could help Lutheranism to spread more widely in Bohemia, he was mistaken. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The vast majority of Bohemian </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">evangelicals </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">remained more inclined to Calvinism than to Lutheranism</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. Count </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Schlick,_Joachim_Andreas_Graf_von" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Andreas Schlick</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, on whom the German congregation relied heavily, had </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">collapsed </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">with the Brethren Unity and thus lacked influence over the majority of his compatriots. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">It seems as if the Lutheran endeavors were generally regarded as foreign and as foreign affairs</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. This opinion could only be strengthened when, for example, at the laying of the foundation stone for the new German Saviour Church in the old town of Prague on June 27, 1611, the Electoral Saxon secretary of legation Dr. Seuß presided over the ceremony and </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">the "Saxon" Hoë preached the sermon. In addition, in his sermons Hoë was more than well disposed to hatred of all things Calvinist</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">letting the reins loose and provoking both pulpit feuds and personal enmities</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">He was persecuted and insulted on the last day of his stay</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">by a vicious </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Pasquill [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">?</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">]</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, which was found posted on the gallows in Prague's Old Town</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The call of Elector </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Johann_Georg_I._(Kurf%C3%BCrst_von_Sachsen)" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">John George I</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> of Saxony, who appointed him as the highest court preacher (January 22, 1613), </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">could therefore only be most welcome to him</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">speculation, implies Hoe may have been afraid</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">because it freed him from a more than unpleasant situation at the right time and in an honorable manner</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 13.5pt;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">However, it was only when he entered this newly founded office that </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">he</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> was given the means to reveal the manifold sides of his character</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> and to</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> gain the position that gave him a place in the history of his time</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 13.5pt;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The focus of intellectual and spiritual life in Germany at that time lay in </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">the</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> courts and in </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">those individuals who knew how to control them</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Implies Hoe was manipulative, would use intrigue</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] These were the favorites, confessors and court preachers. By assuming the most prominent ecclesiastical position in the country, Hoë, through his influence on the Elector, retained a </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">–</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> one may say </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">–</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">decisive voice in theological and ecclesiastical, and often also in political and diplomatic affairs, all the more so as these often went hand in hand with the latter or were in fact determined by them</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. In this respect, the judgment that the fortunes of this period "lay in the hands of two princely confessors, one of whom was Hoë, the other </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Lamormaini,_Wilhelm" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Lämmermann</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, confessor to </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Ferdinand_I._(Kaiser)" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Ferdinand I"[WS 1]</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> is therefore not entirely without justification. (</span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Tholuck,_August" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Tholuck</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Herzog,_Johann_Jakob" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Herzogs</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> Realencyklopädie, vol. VI. p. 165.) Thus the popular song of the same time: "Dies laß' mir drei stolze Pfaffen sein", names "Herr Matz" i.e. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Matthias v. Hoë as the representative of the Lutherans</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> alongside "Job" the Catholic and "Vater Abraham" (Scultetus) the Calvinist (cf. </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Opel,_Julius" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Opel</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> and </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Cohn,_Ludwig_Adolf" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Cohn</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, Der 30jährige Krieg, Halle 1862, p. 104 ff. and p. 179 ff.).</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 13.5pt;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Upon taking office, Hoë immediately began his polemical and literary </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">activities</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, like an inheritance from his predecessors. The tension between Lutherans and Calvinists, which had increased in an ever [543] more perceptible manner during the last fifty years, had reached its climax. Since electoral Brandenburg and Liegnitz had also left the Lutheran confession, the danger of </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">gradually succumbing to Calvinism seemed so great in Dresden, the state stronghold of Lutheranism, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">that even a union with the Catholics was not considered reprehensible there</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Not by the true Lutheran teachers!!</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #d9ead3; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">This view had by no means been introduced in Saxony by Hoë</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. As early as 1602, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Polykarp Leyser had openly stated "that the Lutherans should rather have common cause with the Papists</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> and, as it were, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">have more fellowship with them than with and towards the Calvinists</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">". It was therefore only an official duty, so to speak, that Hoë now also turned against the Reformed with particular vigor in his politics. His first quarrels with the Reformed English envoy Stephan Lesurius were only the prelude to a far more violent battle that began in 1614 over </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">the change of confession in Electoral Brandenburg</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. All the points of contention came together here to give the battle fervor and significance: political </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">hostility </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">between Saxony and Brandenburg over the Jülich succession, religious zeal against heresy, both together because of the threat of the spread of Calvinist power. Of course, Hoë was not acting as a mere private individual when </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">he started the dispute</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. His four writings of 1614 in this matter had the same value as diplomatic notes today, and their tone and content testify in their intensifications and insinuations at least as much to </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">the degree of enmity</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">“enmity” is a pejorative term</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] of Electoral Saxony against Electoral Brandenburg </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">as the Lutherans had against the Calvinists</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Both coincide in many cases</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">If the </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">former </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">diminishes, the latter can also remain silent</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. It is therefore </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">not at all surprising</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> that when the two hitherto hostile electors approached each other and renewed the old hereditary brotherhood at a personal meeting in Naumburg (March 1614), </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">the same Hoë, who had just hurled lightning bolts against Brandenburg</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, reported a "Naumburgische Fried- und Freuden-Post", i.e. "Two Christian sermons, one held at the beginning, the other at the happy end of the meeting in Naumburg". However, this mood of the Saxon court preacher was only temporary, just like the friendly relationship between the two spa houses. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The old feud began anew, and this time not only against Brandenburg, but against Calvinism in general</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">“old feud”? When did Calvin’s doctrine change? (It did not)</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] Every year, a number of Hoë's writings appear, which, written in an incredibly short time, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">criticize his opponents in a very crude and mostly exaggerated manner</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">in keeping with the taste of the time</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">In keeping with Luther’s forcefulness</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] The most interesting of these are: the "</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-family: "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Triumphus Calvinisticus</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">", 1614, the "</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-family: "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Prodromus</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">", 1618, and the "</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Trewherzige Warnung für die Jubelfests-Predigt, so im vergangenen Jahr den 2. November zu Heydelberg von Abraham Sculteto, Churfürstl. Pfältzischen Hofe Prediger daselbst gehalten etc.“, Leipz. 1618</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. The </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">entire hostility</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">which had grown to the point of hatred</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">spoken like a true unionist</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] which divided both confessions and now especially Saxony and the Palatinate, flares up here in an eerie glow and </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">horribly </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">illuminates the jubilee celebration, which was just then being celebrated in Protestant Germany to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the introduction of the Reformation. A few months later, the great drama of the Thirty Years' War began in Prague.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 13.5pt;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Hoë also played his part in it</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Implying culpability</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] His increasing influence was felt in all important religious and political actions and in ever wider circles. In the</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">election of the Bohemian king, in the election of Ferdinand II as German emperor, in Saxony's alliance with the emperor and the League against </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Friedrich_V._(Kurf%C3%BCrst_von_der_Pfalz)" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Frederick V</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> of the Palatinate, in the negotiations with the Catholics [544] at the infamous Mühlhaus Assembly (March 1620), but also in the effect of freedom of confession for the Lutherans in Silesia and Bohemia, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">his activity in the spirit of Saxon-Imperial policy, with a particular focus against Calvinism, can be proven</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. In his reports to Vienna on 22 and 23 February 1620, the imperial envoy to the estates of the Upper and Lower Saxon district, </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Elver,_Hieronymus_Stephan_von" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">v. Elvern</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, informs the elector that Hoë is in the elector's ears daily with accusations against the Bohemians, that </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">he paints the Calvinists and Bohemians in the blackest colors</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, and that he has even called on his master to help the emperor in a separate promemoria. Hoë's hatred of them had astonished him, "he had never thought that he could be </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">so highly disposed towards the Catholics</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">". [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">This is only because of political consideration.</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] The Emperor had had a gift presented to Hoë for his children. On February 24, the latter thanked him </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">in the most vivid terms for the imperial grace</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. "He assured him that he would continue in his previous zeal for service until his death". It cannot be said that Hoë's attitude and this direction in politics met with general approval even in Saxony. The University of Wittenberg, in an official report, strongly denied an alliance with the Emperor, because "it is to be feared that, since the Evangelicals are being helped to be suppressed and oppressed, the Pope will then seek the destruction and extermination of the remaining part, as well as the continuation of the Council of Trent, through his adherents. Furthermore, it is to be feared that the own lands will be put in extreme danger by such </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">actual </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">assistance"; and a (perhaps pseudonymous) "Herr Jakob von Grünthal, Electoral Saxon War Councillor etc.", could even directly call on the Elector in a pamphlet to renounce the alliance with the Emperor, to stop the execution in Lusatia etc. and </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">to have Hoë "executed as a sin offering the sooner the better</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">". A similar agitation is expressed in other contemporaneous writings, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">all of which refer to Hoë as the author of all misfortune that had arisen from the alliance of an Evangelical state with the emperor and the League</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> (see Joh. Mylius, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Much and long-desired… Report as to whether, what, where from, and how far... Dr.</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-family: "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Hoë had anything to do with the Bohemian cause... etc</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.). Dreßden 1620). </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Hoë, it seems, had no time beforehand to respond to all these serious attacks</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. The execution </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">procession </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">to Lusatia, Silesia and northern Bohemia was underway, Saxony was eager to hand over its Reformed co-religionists to the Emperor, and Hoë was busy in the camp with sermons of thanksgiving and homage, with advice and expert opinions for the Elector, but also with the collection of the rich gifts that flowed to him from all sides and </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">the honors that the emperor bestowed on him, among other things</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. The Emperor bestowed upon him the honor of being awarded the title of Imperial Count Palatine (November 1621). No sooner had he returned home, however, than he wrote with his usual fervor against his enemies. He first turned furiously against Mr. v. Grünthal in his "counter-answer to his blasphemous missive, … since it is a devilish poem", then against the Reformed by seeking to prove the "agreement of the Turks and Calvinists" and giving an "apparent sample" of "how the Calvinists agreed with the Arians and Turks on 99 points". All three writings were published before 1621. They are neither original nor convincing; coarse and arrogant as seldom, Hoë is only able to soften the monotony of the expression of his Calvinist hatred to some extent by increasing the accusations and condemnations of his enemies as much as possible. And yet </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">–</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> what good did all this do him! The facts, the friends as well as the enemies, finally the whole development of the [545] German circumstances rose up as powerful accusers against him and the Electoral Saxon policy, which he had so eagerly </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">helped </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">to discredit. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Twice, in 1622 and 1624, he had to turn to the emperor or his governor to protect the poor Bohemian and Silesian Lutherans from the most terrible persecutions, which the emperor had imposed on them despite all the promises made to the Saxons</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">; in vain, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Bohemian Protestantism [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Calvinism</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] was almost destroyed under his eyes</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">–</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Faithful and devout Lutherans were indignant because he had behaved so servilely towards the emperor and the papists and had persuaded his elector to wage war against the Protestants</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">sic! Calvinists! And is this not speculation?</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">]. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">He was close to being considered a secret Catholic</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> and </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">this opinion was reinforced by the fact that in 1622 Petrus Cutsemius, Auxiliary Bishop of Cologne, considered the time had come to publicly call on the Elector of Saxony and his people to return to the Catholic Church in his Saxonia Catholica</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">–</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> No wonder, therefore, that the reputation Saxony had enjoyed among Lutherans since the Reformation in purely ecclesiastical matters </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">declined to a very alarming degree</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">[?]</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> It was the Tübingeners who, in the dispute that had broken out between them and the Giesseners over the κρύψις and κένωσις, first confronted the Saxons and, at their head, Hoë, when the latter brought the differences between the two faculties, which were friends of theirs, before their forum and, under Hoë's chairmanship, presented a decision written by him ("</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Thorough explanation in accordance with God's Word and the Christian Book of Concord</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> etc.", Leipzig 1624) in which they condemned the people of Tübingen. In their "extremely vehement and stinging" reply, "</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-family: "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Amica admonitio</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">", they did not show the slightest desire to recognize the authority of the Saxons and could not be persuaded to do so by Hoë's reply: "</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-family: "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Necessaria et inevitabilis Apologia</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">", Leipzig 1625. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Hoë and his Leipzig theological convent fared no better in the Rathmann dispute, in which the Rostock people who supported </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Rathmann,_Hermann" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Rathmann</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> and especially the </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">excellent </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Tarnow,_Paul" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Paul</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">conditional absolution</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] and</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #0645ad; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Tarnow,_Johann" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Johann Tarnov</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #0645ad; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">[</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Tarnow</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">]</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #0645ad; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">quickly explained to them that they did not recognize them as judges</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> (1629). It had been in vain that the theologians' conventicles, which from 1621-28 regularly and as officially as possible judged and decided the theological disputes of the time in Saxony, had been able to maintain the authority over doctrine and faith of the Elector's chief court preacher and the Saxon universities as in the old days. The time of theological battles and their general influence was over; they were replaced by political ones, of course without denying the fellowship of origin and the inner kinship with them. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">–</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> The Edict of Restitution (1627) hit Saxony just as hard as the other Evangelical states. The leniency that Ferdinand II had initially shown towards John George I soon came to an end. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The Jesuits were already claiming that it was not just a question of the return of the church property confiscated after the Peace of Augsburg, but of all former spiritual possessions, because the Evangelicals had deviated from the Augsburg Confession on which that peace was based</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">This was a highly questionable assertion, especially for Saxony</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">questionable? Not a lie?</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">]] The Elector commissioned Hoë and the theologians gathered with him in Leipzig to refute it. With their consent, he published the "Nothwendige Vertheidigung des Hoë Röm. Reichs Chur-Fürsten und Stände </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Augapfels</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, nemlich der </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">–</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> Augsb. Confession etc.", Leipzig 1628 and to the Jesuit reply: "Brill auf den Evangelischen Augapfel etc.", 1629 the: "Nochmalige Hauptvertheidigung des </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">–</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> Aug-Apfels etc.", 1630 two writings, the last of which in particular, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">written with the collaboration of the great Lutheran dogmatist Joh. Gerhard, still occupies a very important place among Protestant polemical works today because of its profound erudition and the force of its [546] arguments</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">–</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> This finally </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">provided </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">clarity to the Catholics; the celebration of the commemoration of the delivery of the Augsburg Confession [of 1530] could only help to increase it. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">On the Elector's orders, Hoë wrote the "Manuale Jubilaeum Evangelicum", Leipzig 1630</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, for which he was attacked by Cutsemius and forced to write the </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">"</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: #202122; font-family: "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Responsio ad Paraenesin provocatoriam D. Petri Cutsemii</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">", Leipzig 1632, which thoroughly destroyed the hopes of the Catholics</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. But even before this document, the emperor's increasingly clear intentions had required and brought about an understanding between the Saxon court and the other Evangelicals. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The Leipzig Convention marked this important step that Saxon politics finally dared to take. It was opened on February 10/20, 1631. Hoë preached the opening sermon in St. Thomas's Church</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, which he based on the words of the Psalm: "God is not silent, and yet do not be so silent" etc., and while the princes met, their theologians, Hoë </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:H%C3%B6pfner,_Heinrich" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Höpffner</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, Jo. Höpner and Hoë from Saxony, and Bergius, Crocius and Neuberger from Brandenburg and Hesse, held peaceful and conciliatory religious discussions from </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">3rd to 23rd. March</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The Augsburg Confession, even the invariata, was recognized by the Reformed; only with regard to Articles 3 and 10 did they maintain their dissent</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. This was a highly significant success for both religious and political conditions: </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The hitherto prevailing Lutheran separatism, which in the course of time had gradually developed into a kind of Saxon raison d'état, was, at least before hand, abandoned (J. H. A. Ebrard, Kirchen- und Dogmengesch. vol. III. p. 648 ff.).</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> Hoë had proved that </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">under certain circumstances he could be pliable enough to dispose himself and his master to conciliatory steps</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">–</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">if only he wanted to</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. However, this compliance should not be misleading. The Elector and his court preacher initially only took account of the constraints of circumstances. Until the Battle of Lützen, they had cleverly put aside their old inclination towards the imperial house and their enmity towards the allied Calvinists. But no sooner had the death of Gustav Adolf restored the independence of the ever jealous Dresden court than the old affections and aversions immediately took hold of it again. The fact that Hoë was granted a decisive influence here also indicated the direction they were inclined to take. On March 28, 1634, Hoë was ordered by the Elector to give an expert opinion in the Privy Council on the question: "Whether the Protestants could and should take up arms for the good of Calvinism, and in all events, for the sake of Calvinism alone, reject the highly necessary peace in the Holy Roman Empire, but continue with the bloody weapons?" The answer was self-evident; but it surprised by its ruthless brusqueness in view of the recent past: "Anyone with a Christian heart and conscience must say no," explained Hoë. For as bright as the sun is at noon,</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> it is true that the Calvinist doctrine is full of terrible blasphemies, abominable errors and abominations, and is diametrically opposed to God's revealed Word</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">" (Unschuld. Nachr. 1734, p. 570 ff.). </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">That was quite the old Hoë</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">; </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">his transformation had not lasted long</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. Now it was also decided what had to follow. The </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_of_Prague_(1635)" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Peace of Prague in 163</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">5 marked the return of Electoral Saxony to the policy of 1620 with all its consequences for the </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Evangelicals [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">so-called</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">in Silesia and Bohemia affected by it.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 13.5pt;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Just as they </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">had</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> been handed over to their mortal enemy at that time </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">without a proper judgment of their own actions</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, they were now handed over to the same enemy for the second time, but with the definite realization that their church was doomed to destruction. This could have been possible for the Saxon councillors who brokered the peace, and perhaps even for the Elector in view of some political advantages, without too much hesitation; but Hoë resolutely resisted this in the Privy Council, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">not even once striving to exclude the Calvinists from the peace</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> (</span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Helbig,_Gustav" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">K. G. Helbig</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, Der Prager Friede; in </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Raumer,_Friedrich_von" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">v. Raumer's</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> historisches Taschenbuch, 1858, p. 616). </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 3pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Saxony's demand at the Pirna negotiations that the Augsburg Confession be released in the imperial hereditary lands was certainly also based on his proposal, and it is therefore quite understandable that he told Field Marshal </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Arnim-Boitzenburg,_Hans_Georg_von" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">v. Arnim</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> on the evening before the thanksgiving ceremony because of the Pirna peace acts that the Elector could not justify them in his conscience and was acting against equity, although he himself preached the thanksgiving sermon the next day (Nov. 16, 1634). This fact is perfectly understandable as soon as one recognizes Hoë's position at the court of Johann Georg I. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">There is therefore no need to believe that the Emperor bribed Hoë</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. The Elector's wish to see the peace made, so that he could be freed from the Swedish alliance, was sufficient to win him over to peace. And this is sufficiently attested.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 13.5pt;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Admittedly, his behavior had rightly aroused strong doubts about his </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">incorruptibility</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. He himself had often enough boasted of the honorable acknowledgments and gifts of both the emperor and other princes and distinguished persons. He had also "acquired quite a handsome fortune, and was heir to the estates of Lungwitz, Gönßdorff, Ober- and Nieder-Rachwitz, thus leaving his family behind him in good fortune and prosperity" (Gleich, Vol. II. p. 136). </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Pufendorf, Rer. Suecicar. Lib. VII. § 43 p. 195, reports of the suspicion that Hoë had had his inclination to the Peace of Prague bought for 10,000 thalers</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, which he received from the Emperor, and </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Spanheim,_Friedrich_(reformierter_Theologe)" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Spanheim</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, Mémoires sur la vie et la mort de la Princesse Loyse Juliane etc., Leyden 1645, p. 154 and p. 327 </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">almost claims that Hoë had been won over for the Emperor in 1620</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, as well as in 1635 par diverses bricolles et la graine du Peru. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">However, very few of these accusations can be proven, and as often as they were made during Hoë's lifetime, they were often rejected</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> (see Hoë, "Unvermeidentliche Rettung Churfürstl. Durchlaucht zu Sachsen" etc., Leipzig 1635). </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Hoë was certainly not entirely pure in this respect</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">; [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">judgment call</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] but one can hardly blame him for being more receptive to such reprimands than was the case, on average, with most councillors and favorites of princes at the time. Above all, it is incorrect to always describe him as being related to the electoral councillor David Döring, who had certainly accepted a bribe at the Prague peace negotiations. Hoë was neither his brother-in-law nor his father-in-law, and family connections between Hoë's and Döring's children only took place 2 and 7 years respectively after the death of the latter (1638) (Gleich a. a. p. 140 and 142).</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 13.5pt;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Electress </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Magdalena_Sibylla" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Magdalene Sibylla</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">“a zealous and pious Protestant and an enthusiastic admirer of Gustav Adolf, she was a staunch opponent of her husband's policies”</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">], Joh. Georg's wife, who looked at the people and circumstances</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">surrounding her husband with a </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">very sharp eye</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, does not accuse Hoë of corruption, as she does with others in the most definite form, but of ambition and resentment</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. (K. A. Müller, Kurf. Joh. Georg I. etc., Dresden and Leipzig 1838, p. 198.) In fact, she hits the particularly prominent faults of his character. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">His noble household, his obvious striving to associate with distinguished persons, his hollow boasting with the title and dignity of an imperial [548] Count Palatine, his harshness and persecution against his fellow official, the oldest court preacher Hänichen</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">basically also his unmistakable addiction, as the head and guardian of the pure Lutheran Church, to vindicate both the office of arbitrator over the disputing parties of the same, as well as the right of defense against the attacks directed against it </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">–</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> all this testifies that he was not willing and able to play a secondary role anywhere in life</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. [All judgmental and likely from weakness in judgment.] </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">He did, however, retain first place with his prince until the end of his life</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 13.5pt;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The last years of his life passed under the terrible tribulations of a </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">never</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">-ending war, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">which he perhaps never recognized as his fault for having caused and prolonged</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">HARSH!</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">He had, that was enough for him, known how to make himself indispensable to his prince</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. Their natures had something in common. Added to this was his skill in the treatment of this man, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">his servile behavior, which he knew how to clothe [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">cloak?</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] with great skill in a gentlemanly and loyal form</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. That is why he was very well suited to be the confessor of a Johann Georg who was not allowed to be married, but who allowed himself to be guided. This gave him great power to rejuvenate the church </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">–</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> and yet, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">how Protestantism in Saxony aged in his time!</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #d9ead3; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">A theologian afraid to give up even one title of the Lutheran doctrinal system</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">but without faith in the world-conquering power of his confession</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">; a loud, impressive pulpit orator, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">but a preacher full of fear of man</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">; finally, a political advisor, like most court theologians of his time, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">but a counselor who let "the mouth of the Lord" speak according to the wishes of the party or the elector and did not forget himself and his friends </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">–</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #f4cccc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> such a personality was not suitable to stop a prince, a country, an era, as they were at that time, in their tracks and, with the prophetic voice of a successor to Luther, once again lead degenerate Protestantism back to its world-historical calling. In this way, he also played a not insignificant role in the spread of Catholicism</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #d9ead3; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">although his polemics against it leave no doubt as to his anti-papal sentiments</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. [</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: red; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Brecher against himself!</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">–</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The main scholarly work in this direction was his "</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; color: #202122; font-family: "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Commentarius in Apocalypsin</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">", 2 vols. 1610-40, the fruit of 30 years' work, celebrated by his contemporaries for his erudition, but forgotten today</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. His other literary achievements belong to the field of practical theology; the most numerous are his sermons, which offer both interesting insights into contemporary history and good material for assessing the tectonics of pulpit oratory at the time. </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">–</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> He died on March 4, 1645; his grave is in the Sophienkirche in Dresden.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 3pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 3pt; margin-left: 17pt; margin-top: 3pt; text-align: justify;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">J. A. Gleich, Annales ecclesiastici, Dresden and Leipzig 1730, II. vol. p. 1-206 (also contains a fairly accurate list of his writings). J. M. Schröckh, Abbildungen und Lebensbeschreibungen berühmter Gelehrten, Leipzig 1767, vol. III. pp. 168-241. F. K. Wißgrill, </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #202122; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Schauplatz</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> des niederösterr. Adels, vol. IV, 1800, p. 349. Cf. also A. Weise in Ersch und Gruber's Allgem. Encyklopädie, sect. II. Th. IX. Tholuck in Herzog's Real-Encyklopädie, 2nd ed. vol. VI. The same, Das kirchl. Leben des 17. Jahrh., I. Abth. 1861. - J. P. Oettel, Zuverläßige Historie aller Herrn Pastoren und Superintendenten der Creyß-Stadt Plauen, Schneeberg 1747. - Häberlin, Neue deutsche Reichsgeschichte fortgesetzt von Senkenberg, vol. XXIV. pp. 365, 485, 541, 543. - Hurter, Geschichte des Kaisers Ferdinands II. und seiner Eltern, 1853, vol. XI. Pescheck, Geschichte der Gegenreformation in Böhmen, Vol. I. 1844, p. 228. - Czerwenka, Geschichte der evangel. Böttiger, Geschichte Sachsens, 2nd ed. 1870, vol. II. - Gindely, Geschichte des 30jähr. Krieges, vol. II. Th. Wiedemann, Geschichte der Reformation u. Gegenreformation im Lande unter der Enns, Prague 1879, vol. I., p. 417 ff. 1878. H. Hitzigrath, Die Publicistik des Prager Friedens (1635), Halle 1880, pp. 4-25.</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 3pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 3pt; text-align: right;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">[Adolf] </span><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Adolf_Brecher" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #0645ad; font-size: 11pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Brecher</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> (</span><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Brecher" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">de.Wikipedia</span></a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">)</span></p></span><br /><span><!--more--></span>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-78511918054048049452024-02-03T06:38:00.000-05:002024-02-03T06:38:31.478-05:00Pieper to Sieker 2: "annoying lack of money!"<div style="text-align: justify;"> This concludes from <b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/pieper-letter-to-sieker-nyc-on.html" target="_blank">Part 1</a></b>, presenting a short letter from Franz Pieper to Pastor J. H. Sieker in New York City. In the latter part of the letter, the matter of an "annoying lack of money" is addressed. It was a subject that he had <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2021/05/piepers-plea-for-our-negro-mission-1884.html#:~:text=But%20besides%20this%2C%20we%20should%20also%20have%20a%20heart%20for%20the%20Negro%20mission%20that%20has%20now%20been%20started" target="_blank">addressed before regarding the "Negro Mission</a>", and it shows that he was not without frustration in his efforts. — The matter of monetary giving will also pertain to the newly planned <b>Luther Classical College</b>, as they seek funding for their enterprise. The method that Pieper advocates below should be helpful for their efforts, chiefly for <a href="https://www.lutherclassical.org/contact/#:~:text=General%20Inquiries%20are%20directed%20to%20our%20Head%20of%20Development%2C%20Samuel%20Preus" target="_blank">Samuel Preus, their Director of Development</a>. — From <a href="https://archive.org/details/DerLutheraner87_partial/page/n171/mode/1up" target="_blank"><i>Der Lutheraner</i>, vol. 87 (Oct. 20, 1931), p. 347</a> [EN]:</div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 17pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">A letter from Dr. Pieper to Pastor J. H. Sieker in New York.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;">[<b>Part 2</b>]</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgo2C31v7rpvuN7Td2Xsum6nbiIOcQDDxrU7YwzXmoh214G_16jrcH8aBTFamsCeBiXK-9Z6b7Y0bYEZDNVdq7HOhMgOdkO-FzZ_Rh7f9xtFoP_cZ5QUwk_fnfVv_YTrphYVkLnUIA5K7U75rs_pcM-pXEilbxNPTGI4K80KmNU07JbAualyNrf97eZ-w/s194/emphasize%20regular,%20consistent%20giving.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="emphasize regular, consistent giving" border="0" data-original-height="57" data-original-width="194" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgo2C31v7rpvuN7Td2Xsum6nbiIOcQDDxrU7YwzXmoh214G_16jrcH8aBTFamsCeBiXK-9Z6b7Y0bYEZDNVdq7HOhMgOdkO-FzZ_Rh7f9xtFoP_cZ5QUwk_fnfVv_YTrphYVkLnUIA5K7U75rs_pcM-pXEilbxNPTGI4K80KmNU07JbAualyNrf97eZ-w/s16000/emphasize%20regular,%20consistent%20giving.jpg" title="emphasize regular, consistent giving" /></a></div><p></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-1e982a20-7fff-e9c9-ff32-66a8a37d0aa4"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt 0pt 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">annoying lack of money!</span> But we Missourian Lutherans are foolish people. Why don't we put an end to the lack of money? We are a great body by God's grace. If we encouraged each other to give regularly, there would soon be an abundance of money. <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">I strongly emphasize </span></span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">regular, consistent</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"> giving</span>. This is nothing </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">legalistic</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> [<i>Gesetzliches</i>]. One thing remains certain: </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">everyone, according to what he has and is willing through God's grace</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. But such free, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">regular</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> giving has the apostolic example in its favor. 1 Cor. 16:2: "On </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">every Sabbath day</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> every one of you lays aside for himself and gather together what seemeth him good." It is strange that the Holy Spirit allowed this to come into the Holy Scriptures. He knew well that the gifts get stuck in very many cases when large gifts are only to be given every now and then, perhaps only </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">once</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> or </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">twice</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> a year. Therefore he admonishes: <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">"On every Sabbath...</span></span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 9pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">what seemeth him good."</span> This </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">regular</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> giving is also much more appropriate to the spiritual life. We </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">regularly</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> receive grace upon grace from Christ, not just </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">once</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> or </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">twice</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> a year. What is more natural than that we also </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">give</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> and share regularly. </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbhXwoyuMLQFuXYr8t5yhTCdCqmPehZh2WMivCU0b4W6itFcPAEamfu-Mno7R4j6hIM_SQUaaVwWOTSNKEgp__-hZ-uOh4hFt04xEI-mwr4Zg6yheJWuIXD7MZ1AHykJ9VrBXFAl3u_0M3l3YzmBVnZzZ-l-khxNrnbwGkzvA8h13bq-LFMHadczKzuQ/s167/according%20to%20the%20apostolic%20model.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="according to the apostolic model" border="0" data-original-height="57" data-original-width="167" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbhXwoyuMLQFuXYr8t5yhTCdCqmPehZh2WMivCU0b4W6itFcPAEamfu-Mno7R4j6hIM_SQUaaVwWOTSNKEgp__-hZ-uOh4hFt04xEI-mwr4Zg6yheJWuIXD7MZ1AHykJ9VrBXFAl3u_0M3l3YzmBVnZzZ-l-khxNrnbwGkzvA8h13bq-LFMHadczKzuQ/s16000/according%20to%20the%20apostolic%20model.jpg" title="according to the apostolic model" /></a></div><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt 0pt 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">How little is given generally and regularly in our synod is evident from the fact that, if all contributions for extra-parish purposes are added up and divided among the number of those entitled to communion, each member accounts for about 60 to 70 cents </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">a year</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, and this is a continual hustle! If we generally became accustomed to regular giving <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">according to the apostolic model</span>, not only would we collect </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">much more for all purposes in the Kingdom of God</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, but we would also not be under the impression that we had exerted ourselves to the utmost. How easy it should be, for example, to raise about $40,000 for the immigrant house! </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">One</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> Sunday collection by the entire synod would produce the necessary sum.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt 0pt 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">But excuse me; against my will, I hastily went into more detail. But <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">the matter has been close to my heart for years</span>. I am so very sorry that due to lack of resources we have to refrain from doing so much that obviously should be done. And yet we have the </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 17.3333px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">abundant and superabundant </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; text-indent: 18pt; white-space-collapse: preserve;">means. If only we acted according to 1 Corinthians 16!</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 103.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">With kind regards,</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 166.5pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Yours united in Christ</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 211.5pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">F. Pieper</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.</span></p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - <i>End of series</i> - - - - - - - - - - - - - - </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> My father, a farmer, gave every Sunday, putting an envelope in the offertory plate as it was passed along in the pews. I do not know how much he gave, but I always figured that it was not a stingy amount.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> Concordia-Bronxville recently joined <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230325022033/https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2021/01/29/concordia-college-new-york-will-close-summer-iona-college-purchase-campus#:~:text=Concordia%20College%20in%20New%20York%20is%20the%20fourth%20institution%20in%20the%20Lutheran%20college%20system%20to%20close%20or%20merge%20in%20the%20last%20eight%20years" target="_blank">the list of Concordia school closures</a> in 2021. It is so sad for me to see how far the LCMS has gone down in their educational institutions, not just because of their closures, but chiefly because of the <u>demise of the religious instruction</u> within these schools. The effect of the "<a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/search/label/Walkout%202024" target="_blank">Walkout" crowd</a> was, and is, devasting. All the current sorrow and wrangling over <b>Concordia University-Texas</b> does not address the issue of the <u>destructive teaching</u> that goes on there. Previous blog posts have pointed this out. How can God bless institutions and church bodies who become <u>lukewarm</u> over His Word? Rev. 3:16.</div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-76893347436169519932024-02-01T06:48:00.002-05:002024-02-03T06:39:32.230-05:00Pieper letter to Sieker, NYC: on education, money (Part 1 of 2)<div style="text-align: justify;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKCuejjwMVm43F_ZS_iQ3rTWd1mXD8vi08lIcEt7I6xM1XNpflzfIGHGaaMPy9w1xs4qM1vtne3PhupY-QGHCLB-ikWqVgARZtzxCkfhkeVDoFGUg81zXMoTNGm7yjBpt-HvjXUvcJB2JyU75uWxQCcqgQl9toCEOwEGv7LQ6GEIuMHnXVAg5rTjdW2A/s714/FirstBaptistBroomeSt%20-%20StMatthewsLuth.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="https://www.nycago.org/Organs/NYC/img/FirstBaptistBroomeSt.jpg" border="0" data-original-height="598" data-original-width="714" height="174" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKCuejjwMVm43F_ZS_iQ3rTWd1mXD8vi08lIcEt7I6xM1XNpflzfIGHGaaMPy9w1xs4qM1vtne3PhupY-QGHCLB-ikWqVgARZtzxCkfhkeVDoFGUg81zXMoTNGm7yjBpt-HvjXUvcJB2JyU75uWxQCcqgQl9toCEOwEGv7LQ6GEIuMHnXVAg5rTjdW2A/w208-h174/FirstBaptistBroomeSt%20-%20StMatthewsLuth.jpg" title="https://www.nycago.org/Organs/NYC/img/FirstBaptistBroomeSt.jpg" width="208" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230922054807/https://nycago.org/Organs/NYC/html/FirstBaptist.html#:~:text=First%20Baptist%20sold%20its%20building%20on%20Broome%20Street%20to%20the%20Evangelical%20Lutheran%20Church%20of%20St.%20Matthew" target="_blank">St. Matthews, NYC</a> (c. 1880s)<br />Broome & Elizabeth Sts.<br />(formerly First Baptist)</td></tr></tbody></table> An important letter in the history of the Missouri Synod was discovered while reviewing issues of <i>Der Lutheraner</i>. It was written by the young Prof. <b>Franz Pieper</b> to one of his favorite pastors, <b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2021/08/nyc-sermon-at-walthers-passing-piepers.html" target="_blank">Johann Heinrich Sieker</a></b> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_of_St._Matthew_(New_York_City)#:~:text=In%201885%2C%20St.%20Matthew%27s%20left%20the%20New%20York%20Ministerium%20to%20join%20the%20more%20conservative%20Evangelical%20Lutheran%20Synod%20of%20Missouri%2C%20Ohio%2C%20and%20Other%20States" target="_blank">St. Matthews in New York City</a>, and it touched on topics pertinent to the matter of <u>Lutheran education</u> in the United States <u>today</u>. While the <a href="https://www.lutherclassical.org/" target="_blank">Luther Classical College</a> ramps up for its first season in 2025, it would do well to follow the early history of what would become <b><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231020042303/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concordia_College_%28New_York%29#:~:text=in%20December%202021.-,History,-%5Bedit%5D" target="_blank">Concordia College, Bronxville</a></b>. Although Casper, Wyoming is a <u>very</u> long way from Bronxville, New York, yet its circumstances otherwise are identical.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> This letter exhibits a <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2021/08/nyc-sermon-at-walthers-passing-piepers.html" target="_blank">fondness that Pieper had for Pastor Sieker</a>, a well known orthodox preacher in New York City. According to the <i><a href="https://cyclopedia.lcms.org/definitions?filter=SIEKER&mode=filter&page=0&definition=A631CF89-B266-EE11-9148-0050563F0205" target="_blank">Christian Cyclopedia</a></i>, St. Matthews joined the Missouri Synod in <b>1886</b>, the year of this letter, and was instrumental in founding what would become Concordia College, Bronxville, New York (a college recently closed). This is the background for why Pieper wrote this letter. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> The letter was not published until 45 years after it was written, 4 months after Pieper's passing on June 3, 1931. The Synod was still remembering its greatest teacher since the passing of its founding father, C. F. W. Walther. So the son of the well-known Pastor Sieker, who <a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/118252036/otto-sieker#:~:text=Rev.%20Otto%20who%20succeeded%20his%20father%2C%20Henry%2C%20at%20St.%20Matthews" target="_blank">succeeded his father as the pastor</a> (who had passed way in <b>1904)</b>, dug out a letter from Dr. Pieper to his father to honor <u>both</u> men. <i>Der Lutheraner</i> editor Ludwig Fürbringer began this publication with a brief explanation. And what a lesson this letter provides for us today. — From <a href="https://archive.org/details/DerLutheraner87_partial/page/n171/mode/1up" target="_blank"><i>Der Lutheraner</i>, vol. 87 (Oct. 20, <b>1931</b>), p. 347</a> [EN]<a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1KavQi16CzBrQM_pLhgrP5m00yGB8kJHbkKI-dnGWu0k/edit" target="_blank">:</a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-17c4f3f5-7fff-6497-921e-1b440717520b"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 18pt; margin-right: 18pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin: 0pt 18pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 17pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">A letter from Dr. Pieper to Pastor J. H. Sieker in New York.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><br /></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt 0pt 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The letter, written forty-five years ago, was sent to us by the recipient's son, Fr. [Friedrich?] <a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/118252036/otto-sieker#:~:text=succeeded%20his%20father%2C%20Henry%2C%20at%20St.%20Matthews" target="_blank">Otto Sieker</a>.</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 144pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">St. Louis, Mo., January 20, 1886.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjataJaXTjGgUXaiBeH-p0Afj3fhUlRhF3dTPI988oWwkwZIWA6DOOSfA-yM78EgWSbnMhas_Eh9MXrWlY11gl6VqzRk108q00mLlUvlbFLY_61QNpoUwK-38oYi-ISAEqNwP0vUFWTFti_lrqxj0xVdX-aAELviKeiQBvHDWras5wFnXgQarkUhcGo1A/s516/Pieper%20-%20Sieker%20pano.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Pieper (younger years) and Pastor Sieker" border="0" data-original-height="403" data-original-width="516" height="187" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjataJaXTjGgUXaiBeH-p0Afj3fhUlRhF3dTPI988oWwkwZIWA6DOOSfA-yM78EgWSbnMhas_Eh9MXrWlY11gl6VqzRk108q00mLlUvlbFLY_61QNpoUwK-38oYi-ISAEqNwP0vUFWTFti_lrqxj0xVdX-aAELviKeiQBvHDWras5wFnXgQarkUhcGo1A/w240-h187/Pieper%20-%20Sieker%20pano.jpg" title="Pieper (younger years) and Pastor Sieker" width="240" /></a></div><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 54pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Dear Pastor!</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 13.5pt 0pt 18pt; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">I have just read the last issue of the [</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Lutheran</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">] </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Witness</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> and I feel compelled to write a few words to you. They should be words of encouragement. I am very sorry that the Progymnasium ["<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnasium_(school)#progymnasium:~:text=progymnasium%2C%20which%20is%20equivalent%20to%20beginning%20classes%20of%20the%20full%20gymnasium" target="_blank">pre-high school</a>"] in New York still receives so little attention on the part of our Eastern District; but don't lose heart because of this. It seems that the importance of such an institution has not yet been recognized in New York. This knowledge must and will come through God's grace, and then more, indeed all hands will take hold. I hope to God that there will be a </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">full</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> high school in New York soon. </span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-5a3e666b-7fff-9dc9-da20-5806d89cfa8e"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtstBblWry5f-r4qmxkjzUXiGh8iQwf079GCbo0dowj2ehv4aw8lrnI2tdQEjCedZcmbTc02UzjlrPeAsUHtk8ush7E42Wmx6PRdjnwfVOXoDqpgKj8csGwVlr6qanPYEygN8ORljEBoXudgv2zQx1ZZj7gHpklf_5j6AIQsfdp-BaHydmwL7NO3zF3A/s1280/CCNY_Hawthorne_Building%20(Wikipedia).jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Concordia College, Bronxville - Hawthorne Building (Wikipedia)" border="0" data-original-height="773" data-original-width="1280" height="148" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtstBblWry5f-r4qmxkjzUXiGh8iQwf079GCbo0dowj2ehv4aw8lrnI2tdQEjCedZcmbTc02UzjlrPeAsUHtk8ush7E42Wmx6PRdjnwfVOXoDqpgKj8csGwVlr6qanPYEygN8ORljEBoXudgv2zQx1ZZj7gHpklf_5j6AIQsfdp-BaHydmwL7NO3zF3A/w246-h148/CCNY_Hawthorne_Building%20(Wikipedia).jpg" title="Concordia College, Bronxville - Hawthorne Building (Wikipedia)" width="246" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Concordia College, Bronxville<br />(earlier years, <u>now closed</u>)</td></tr></tbody></table></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">I am </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">firmly convinced</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> that a properly equipped </span><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231020042303/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concordia_College_%28New_York%29#:~:text=the%20equivalent%20to%20the%20first%20two%20years%20of%20high%20school" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">high school</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> (Realgymnasium [</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_school#:~:text=Realschule%20is%20ranked%20between%20Hauptschule%20(lowest)%20and%20Gymnasium%20(highest)" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">middle high school</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">?]) would be filled </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">from New York itself</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. Not only the children and young people from our congregations would attend, but </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">also those parents who do not belong to our congregations but who recognize the value of a so-called classical education</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> — and there are certainly a large number of such in New York — would entrust their sons to our high school. Watertown [of the Wisconsin Synod] has had very encouraging experiences in this regard. </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">What an opportunity for us to evangelize among the educated</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">! Even most of the outsiders are </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">happy</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"> to take part in the religious instruction</span>. </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">A high school teacher who is a capable teacher and has a heart burning with Christian love has a tremendous influence on high school students</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> [</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Gymnasiasten</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">]. I say this partly from my own experience.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - <i>Concludes in <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/pieper-to-sieker-2-annoying-lack-of.html" target="_blank">Part 2</a></i> - - - - - - - - - - - - - - </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> It was a surprise for me that Pieper would say that most outsiders were "<u>happy</u> to take part in the religious instruction". That could be because the students attending were not entirely ignorant of the teachings of the Lutheran Church, more specifically of the faithful <u>Old</u> Missouri Synod.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> And it was surprising to me how Pieper promotes the idea of non-Missourian, even non-Lutheran students coming to a Concordia educational institution. I sometimes have judged the LC-MS Concordia universities for their high percentage of non-Lutheran, even non-Christian, students. Pieper does not. He practically relishes these in order to “<b>evangelize</b> among the educated!” But what Pieper is assuming is that the “high school” or college <u>will maintain a faithful “religious instruction”</u>, and that pinpoints the heart of the downfall of the LC-MS higher educational institutions. When the theology in its flagship seminary, Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, has fallen, how then could its lesser institutions maintain their orthodoxy? As their history has shown in recent times, they did not, and could therefor no more "<b>evangelize</b> among the educated".</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> A search through 1885-1886 <i><a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NsApAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1#v=onepage&q=Sieker&f=false" target="_blank">Lutheran Witness</a></i> magazines in Google Books yielded only 1 reference to Pastor Sieker, but it was after the date of Pieper’s letter. So I could not provide a link to the article that Pieper references. However Pieper gives enough details for us to follow the particulars. — The concluding <b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/02/pieper-to-sieker-2-annoying-lack-of.html" target="_blank">Part 2</a></b>, on monetary giving difficulties, follows next.</div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-60127818272199479172024-01-29T17:01:00.000-05:002024-01-29T17:01:08.932-05:00Culture 2: non-Lutherans… for Luther? P. Smith, Michelet, Jay, Hedge<div style="text-align: justify;"> This concludes from Part 1 in a 2-part blog presenting F. Bente's report on the cultural benefit of <u>the</u> Reformer, Martin Luther. — This segment presents an extended array of "non-Lutherans", even a Roman Catholic and a Unitarian, testifying <u>for</u> Luther. — From <a href="https://archive.org/details/DerLutheraner89_partial/page/n120/mode/1up" target="_blank"><i>Der Lutheraner</i> vol. 89 (1933), p. 364</a> [<a href="https://archive.org/details/dl-89-1933-deep-l-en/page/n120/mode/1up" target="_blank">EN</a>]<a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1nkQzN8xJofkw6XpANSD-QJMfAIJ1EOhl4--1XZloGF4/edit" target="_blank">:</a> </div><div style="text-align: center;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - Conclusion - - - - - - - - - - - - -</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Luther's cultural influence</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.</span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMeHW8i_U__RwxMvDUJAzg9ClyaDwK1pqChap7lAuoWSWJsj0v7dSIb6857rA09BvikC3WG2-3ifl1GGyWFO26jb8JmzEaXUCQih_XOpksebT2yTANWAJAGB2cCBkLcr2cadbjXmpFlTJuhSli9n9YpGbxhvb0pnOwfJEJRARZNZ3rKKEfdO6q0nEcRQ/s493/Smith%20-%20Michelet%20-%20Jay,%20vert%20pano.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="493" data-original-width="123" height="356" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMeHW8i_U__RwxMvDUJAzg9ClyaDwK1pqChap7lAuoWSWJsj0v7dSIb6857rA09BvikC3WG2-3ifl1GGyWFO26jb8JmzEaXUCQih_XOpksebT2yTANWAJAGB2cCBkLcr2cadbjXmpFlTJuhSli9n9YpGbxhvb0pnOwfJEJRARZNZ3rKKEfdO6q0nEcRQ/w89-h356/Smith%20-%20Michelet%20-%20Jay,%20vert%20pano.jpg" width="89" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-69324e2a-7fff-bddb-76ec-249f40b5fe44"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 13.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-indent: 9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The American Reformation historian </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preserved_Smith" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Preserved Smith</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> says: </span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 31.5pt; text-indent: 9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">“Luther's work is the beginning of the present age. It is fair to say that <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">every person in Western Europe and America is living a different life today</span> than he would have lived, and is a very different person than he would be if Luther had not lived and worked.”</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">[</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jules_Michelet" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Jules] Michelet</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">a Catholic historian</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> in France, says: </span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 31.5pt; text-indent: 9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">“Luther is the restorer of the liberty of the present age.”</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 13.5pt; margin-right: 18pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin: 0pt 18pt 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 9pt;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Jay" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">John Jay</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, the first chairman of our federal <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Supreme Court</span>, says:</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt; text-indent: 9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 31.5pt; text-indent: 9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">“No country has more cause than our republic to remember with joy </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">the blessing which Luther has secured for the whole world by winning freedom of thought and conscience, and by expressing the seal of Christianity to our modern civilization</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. Although America had just been discovered by Columbus, </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">yet Luther's far-reaching influence, still felt from the Atlantic to the Pacific, contributed to the settlement of our continent by such settlers as laid the foundation of its future freedom</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.”</span> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPOU3VU-GaefzaHImC67ryGx-HW0cSg3j1J0OjQlr7jQ67ALoB-WGq9ZWX4ahyphenhyphenac5g4V_VPot9BXMpxDv8MvG6zEJiRPICLqqGHNyNaizHw5gEVwJBOxZ0WD5tHf-jwuD_0kk4mBhriAySa8FVfYJ24Vp_CDTwL0okSo6mzIyTk4934pBwDMrSoPojdg/s250/Hedge_FH%20(Hymnary.com).jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="250" data-original-width="166" height="147" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPOU3VU-GaefzaHImC67ryGx-HW0cSg3j1J0OjQlr7jQ67ALoB-WGq9ZWX4ahyphenhyphenac5g4V_VPot9BXMpxDv8MvG6zEJiRPICLqqGHNyNaizHw5gEVwJBOxZ0WD5tHf-jwuD_0kk4mBhriAySa8FVfYJ24Vp_CDTwL0okSo6mzIyTk4934pBwDMrSoPojdg/w98-h147/Hedge_FH%20(Hymnary.com).jpg" width="98" /></a></div><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Unitarian</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederic_Henry_Hedge" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">F. H. [Frederic Henry] Hedge</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> of </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Harvard University</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, who translated Luther's “Ein' feste Burg ist unser Gott” into English, writes: </span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 31.5pt; text-indent: 9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">“We owe our civil independence to the Saxon Reformer.… We Anglo-Americans, above all other men, owe a </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">debt of gratitude to Dr. Luther for our national independence and religious liberty</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.”</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Luther preached nothing but the old Gospel of Christ, the power of God for salvation for all who believe it. With this he made the Church unspeakably rich again. But neither has the world and its culture become poorer as a result. </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The modern age dates from Luther onwards</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. The Reformation means at the same time the reorientation of the whole world. The source of all that is good in the modern state and in modern culture in general is to be found nowhere else than in Luther's Reformation. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-indent: 9pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="font-size: large;">F. Bente</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-indent: 9pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, 1917.</span></p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - <i>End</i> - - - - - - - - - - - -</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> A rationalist writer/philosopher, a rationalist historian, a Catholic historian, an Episcopalian Chief Justice, and a Unitarian “Transcendentalist” Harvard professor — quite an eclectic group that Prof. Bente chose to quote. But his purpose was only to show that even in the sphere of <u>civil righteousness</u> and <u>culture</u>, the influence of <u>Luther</u> was recognized.</div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-61414585111381408702024-01-26T13:44:00.001-05:002024-02-25T09:06:20.675-05:00Bente: Luther's cultural influence, "a single man" (Der Lutheraner)<div style="text-align: justify;"> The above title caught my eye when reviewing the volumes of <i>Der Lutheraner</i>. It was a short blurb by Prof. Friedrich Bente, published in 1933, 3 years <u>after</u> he had passed away. The editor in 1933, probably Prof. Ludwig Fuerbringer, appeared to be honoring the memory of Prof. Bente with this posthumous publication. But more than just a remembrance, Bente's subjects are always decidedly <u>Lutheran</u>, and edifying. The general praise of Luther's influence in the world is an antidote to the <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2023/08/kolb-schools-luther-and-formula-on-free.html" target="_blank">embarrassing treatment</a> of Luther by today's LC-MS scholars. — In this first part, of a 2-part post, he quotes a well-known <u>non</u>-Lutheran historian. — From <a href="https://archive.org/details/DerLutheraner89_partial/page/n120/mode/1up" target="_blank"><i>Der Lutheraner</i> vol. 89 (1933), p. 364</a> [EN]<a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1nkQzN8xJofkw6XpANSD-QJMfAIJ1EOhl4--1XZloGF4/edit" target="_blank">:</a></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-215cd843-7fff-c91c-25b1-df447049d347"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Luther's cultural influence</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.</span></p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_vSz9_GnDDyKAvyOixHU1iLmpmDHOMm7i_YG62ECemvcrGAfA3ca_PlboURhWuxsydvO4ghf31j8VGr4OLsR1bBMhoKNn1siKAgC-FsdjKplgfLSNWH8zyn6Uv-1BKmhF_6RWGoY_2m8tf9k1UIqhcBy8JM_Ao3zyaNHPA-Zzz3gYEC0_mNUV4NzxPQ/s360/Bente,%20F.%20-%20DL%201924,%20p%20233%20(faculty%20pics).jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="360" data-original-width="257" height="156" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_vSz9_GnDDyKAvyOixHU1iLmpmDHOMm7i_YG62ECemvcrGAfA3ca_PlboURhWuxsydvO4ghf31j8VGr4OLsR1bBMhoKNn1siKAgC-FsdjKplgfLSNWH8zyn6Uv-1BKmhF_6RWGoY_2m8tf9k1UIqhcBy8JM_Ao3zyaNHPA-Zzz3gYEC0_mNUV4NzxPQ/w111-h156/Bente,%20F.%20-%20DL%201924,%20p%20233%20(faculty%20pics).jpg" width="111" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">F. Bente</td></tr></tbody></table><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt; text-indent: 9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The real purpose of Christianity is not to promote culture, but to save men spiritually and to bring them eternal salvation. But when a man has become a Christian, the new life force naturally has a powerful and healing effect in all directions, like a leaven. Therefore, as a by-product of the victorious course of Christianity, enormous cultural upheavals necessarily followed. Through the papacy, which in spiritual terms is essentially a return to paganism, this cultural movement was also partly inhibited and partly led astray. Through Luther the Gospel and the Church was free again, and the salutary influence of Christianity could now assert itself anew in all directions on <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">civil and cultural conditions</span>. We will let </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">some non-Lutherans</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> speak about this.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4ej5kdKwX8UzW2LUYUS7m5ZEpoMbNZyjrr3f8Mm_GWdTmG46mHRC0lHy8W0l0WL1yB0EsfavEWcvZgTk9UvgN2BX_s4Y6eP160lLIS55mHfCh_ZC81yc370HZk3HkEyrHwjfIAF4StBDQatGk-75VSppGSPIr9UPcXe_DBdzX5EU-43UDcnrkKBwxSA/s251/Thomas%20Carlyle%20(Wikipedia).png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="251" data-original-width="170" height="183" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4ej5kdKwX8UzW2LUYUS7m5ZEpoMbNZyjrr3f8Mm_GWdTmG46mHRC0lHy8W0l0WL1yB0EsfavEWcvZgTk9UvgN2BX_s4Y6eP160lLIS55mHfCh_ZC81yc370HZk3HkEyrHwjfIAF4StBDQatGk-75VSppGSPIr9UPcXe_DBdzX5EU-43UDcnrkKBwxSA/w124-h183/Thomas%20Carlyle%20(Wikipedia).png" width="124" /></a></div><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 18pt; margin-right: 18pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin: 0pt 18pt; text-indent: 9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> The English writer </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Thomas Carlyle</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> writes:</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 18pt; margin-right: 18pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin: 0pt 18pt; text-indent: 9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 27pt; text-indent: 9pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">“The <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2015/12/here-i-stand-controversy-3-witnesses-2.html#:~:text=Franz%20Pieper%20presented%20an%20essay%20in%201921%20to%20the%20North%20Dakota%2DMontana%20District%20entitled%20%22What%20do%20we%20learn%20from%20Luther%20at%20Worms%3F" target="_blank">Diet of Worms</a>, and the appearance of Luther at it on April 17, 1521, may be regarded as <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">the greatest event in the modern history of Europe</span>, indeed as the moment when all subsequent civilization began. Here on one side the power of the world is enthroned; on the other side, </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">a single man</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, the son of the poor miner, stands up for divine truth. Our plea, the plea of the whole world to him was this: ‘Deliver us; it is up to thee; forsake us not!’ Luther did not leave us in the lurch. It was, as I have said, </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">the most significant moment in the modern history of mankind</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. England's Puritanism, England and her Parliament, America's many-sided activity during two centuries, were here germinated. Had Luther acted differently in that hour, all would have been different in the world.”</span></p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - <i>Concluded in Part 2</i> - - - - - - - - - - - -</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> Franz Pieper also used the praise of Englishman Carlyle in his <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2013/03/old-missouri-library-convention-essays.html#:~:text=1921%2DNorthDakota%2DMontana%2DPieper%2DWhat%20do%20we%20learn%20from%20Luther%20at%20Worms.DOC%20%C2%A0(Google%20Books%20scan%20here)%20%5B2017%2D07%2D11%3A%20English%20translation%20HERE%20(PDF%20file)%20%2D%2D%20from%20Pastor%20Bryce%20L.Winter%2C%20ELCR%2DAustralia" target="_blank">1921 essay for the N. Dakota/Montana convention</a> (see p. 8 <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B1SYVwoS6Z95LWlsNFByM2VRLU0/view?resourcekey=0-NQl7r55ICdjMJljEifM6jQ" target="_blank">here</a>). He also called Carlyle a rationalist. Although Bente did not reveal this, he did call him a "non-Lutheran", a strong signal to these Old German Missourians to not understand these persons in a <u>spiritual</u> sense, but only in a <u>cultural</u> sense. — In the next <b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/01/culture-2-non-lutherans-for-luther-p.html" target="_blank">Part 2</a></b>, Bente quotes four more "non-Lutherans".</div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-3503233408135005752024-01-23T07:00:00.000-05:002024-01-23T07:00:30.592-05:00LCMS moderate didn't "Walkout", but should have (on Science and the Bible)<div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjA5eGBEAeglVRmIlj0dD2Jnkx5rM0OAySKUBtK8UTJ7PG5NqsGsRKC6HnoKyUbiM0YzcX6CXSGqoTutsPHtP0qWac-Q-IM0rSfMw-RXnp4E989EmuycfKLFyQ6e4jz8Lxt2RHTI8nP2B48vGG9ADonwmvPW8pXh2luDZBwba-miikUOwULzjqsDP1ikg/s1323/Schurb-Rediscovering%20the%20Issues%20-%20Walkout%20(cover).jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Rediscovering the Issues Surrounding the 1974 Concordia Seminary Walkout (CPH 2023)" border="0" data-original-height="1323" data-original-width="898" height="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjA5eGBEAeglVRmIlj0dD2Jnkx5rM0OAySKUBtK8UTJ7PG5NqsGsRKC6HnoKyUbiM0YzcX6CXSGqoTutsPHtP0qWac-Q-IM0rSfMw-RXnp4E989EmuycfKLFyQ6e4jz8Lxt2RHTI8nP2B48vGG9ADonwmvPW8pXh2luDZBwba-miikUOwULzjqsDP1ikg/w149-h220/Schurb-Rediscovering%20the%20Issues%20-%20Walkout%20(cover).jpg" title="Rediscovering the Issues Surrounding the 1974 Concordia Seminary Walkout (CPH 2023)" width="149" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div> While reviewing the latest book in the Concordia Historical Institute's (CHI) "Monograph Series", <i><a href="https://www.cph.org/rediscovering-the-issues-surrounding-the-1974-concordia-seminary-walkout" target="_blank">Rediscovering the Issues Surrounding the 1974 Concordia Seminary Walkout</a></i>, (only $19.99!). I discovered a reference to a book, authored by an LC-MS pastor, that I was previously unaware of. The reference was made by Rev. Dr. <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2020/01/against-wohlrabe-nickel-praises-pieper.html#:~:text=by%20Pastor%20Armand%20Boehme%2C%20STM%20(%F0%9F%94%97)" target="_blank">Armand Boehme</a> in his essay "Creation and the Fall". The essay is generally commendable in revealing the history of the change of doctrine by the teachers in the LC-MS, although I would suggest that the door to evolutionary teaching began even before the 1950s (p. 175). His references to support the literal meaning of Genesis 1-3 from Scripture and the Lutheran Confessions was most helpful. My <a href="https://archive.org/details/PreusJ.A.O.ReportSynodicalPresident1971/mode/2up" target="_blank">upload of the famous "Blue Book" to the Internet Archive</a> will also aid readers to follow the many references to that book by Dr. Boehme, and also by the other CHI essayists. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5_QBL5kil7zkT8F_KpAbbbOV4rdwXoWEN9bOvWwsnEEsShRB8HqahLWKz3H3hR2G5DhKnfh0q20QyxYbZQYQFUVFWQ6XYiLoyDKMqLxqfDeckBdM3Q9J0jUhCpSBaSWj1u3fZXLJTLy88UGWVtENdA08qMZH2i9GZWk1Cf-T7sFjTQvxOEClKFifG7w/s373/Hausmann%20-%20Science,%20Bible,%20Lutheran%20theology-%20portrait%20pic%20crop.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Rev. William John Hausmann (from book, 1978)" border="0" data-original-height="373" data-original-width="253" height="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5_QBL5kil7zkT8F_KpAbbbOV4rdwXoWEN9bOvWwsnEEsShRB8HqahLWKz3H3hR2G5DhKnfh0q20QyxYbZQYQFUVFWQ6XYiLoyDKMqLxqfDeckBdM3Q9J0jUhCpSBaSWj1u3fZXLJTLy88UGWVtENdA08qMZH2i9GZWk1Cf-T7sFjTQvxOEClKFifG7w/w139-h205/Hausmann%20-%20Science,%20Bible,%20Lutheran%20theology-%20portrait%20pic%20crop.jpg" title="Rev. William John Hausmann (from book, 1978)" width="139" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Rev. William John Hausmann</td></tr></tbody></table> The book in question was <i><a href="https://archive.org/details/sciencebibleinlu0000haus/mode/1up" target="_blank">Science and the Bible in Lutheran theology: from Luther to the Missouri Synod</a></i> authored by Rev. Dr. <b>William John Hausmann</b> (1930-2015, <a href="https://normandean.com/tribute/details/559/Reverend-Dr-William-Hausmann/condolences.html" target="_blank">obituary</a>, <a href="https://obits.nj.com/us/obituaries/starledger/name/william-hausmann-obituary?id=18415288" target="_blank">Legacy</a>) in <b>1978</b> (<a href="https://archive.org/details/sciencebibleinlu0000haus/mode/1up" target="_blank">free to borrow for 1-hour periods</a>). This book, along with several other references in the CHI book, are available to read for free for 1-hour borrowing periods on the Internet Archive. This book was a dissertation for his PhD degree from Drew University. When one researches his affiliation, we find that not only was he born into the LC-MS, he evidently <u>did not leave it during the infamous "Walkout" of <b>1974</b></u>, since one finds that he was an "Interim Pastor" at <a href="https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100064601712789" target="_blank">an LC-MS church in Pennsylvania</a> after his retirement in 1990. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> What is significant about this is that Dr. Boehme reveals on page 179, footnote # 43, that Hausmann gave a "<b>positive view</b> of [Prof. <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2019/09/fundament-2-unitarians-american-classic.html#:~:text=LC%2DMS%20pastor%C2%A0Norman%20Habel%20in%20the%20early%201960s%20in%20Brooklyn%2C%20New%20York.%C2%A0%20Habel%20eventually%20became%20one%20of%20the%20professors%20of%20Concordia%20Seminary%20who%20removed%20themselves%20in%20the%201974%20%22Walkout" target="_blank">Norman] Habel</a>’s essay". Who was Prof. Habel? He was one of the Concordia Seminary professors who joined the "Walkout" of 1974. What did Habel teach? According to Dr. Boehme, he taught according to the "historical-<u>critical</u> method" (p. 74, 177) and that Genesis 3 was a "<b>symbolic</b> religious history". </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> So Hausmann's <u>public</u> "positive view" in <b>1978</b> of Habel's and Concordia Seminary's teaching, 4 years after the "Walkout" in <b>1974</b>, demonstrates that although the LC-MS <u>seemed</u> to have won the "Battle for the Bible", it had <u>not</u> <u>fully</u> done so — by disciplining those who still sympathized with the "Walkout" teachings. Hausmann speaks of his own duplicity in his pastorate on <a href="https://archive.org/details/sciencebibleinlu0000haus/page/113/mode/1up?q=%22For+the+purpose+of+preaching+in+formal+church+services+it+would+appear+appropriate+not+to+engage+in+matters+of+accommodation+to+the+latest+scientific+theories+or+cosmological+world-pictures+%22" target="_blank">pages 113-114</a>, saying that although he would not preach about his actual belief of "accommodation" with "science" in his sermons, yet </div><blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">"<span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Bible classes</span>, <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">Sunday school</span>, <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">confirmation instruction</span> appear to be <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">the place to discuss in detail the relationship between science and Scripture</span>, the theological, philosophical, and scientific problems, questions, and possible solutions that would arise from such a dialogue", </div></blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">… that is, the "accommodating" relationship between Scripture and "science falsely so-called" (1 Timothy 6:20).</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> This seemingly small situation has larger implications, for it demonstrates that Dr. Boehme is in fellowship with the Synod that found room for pastors, such as Hausmann, who <u><b>publicly</b></u> <u>did not believe the official Scriptural teaching of the Synod</u>. (Hausmann even claimed Luther for his "accommodating" cause.) It demonstrates that the "Issues" addressed in the CHI book were <u>never</u> fully resolved… to this day, not withstanding CHI's efforts to speak otherwise. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> More on the CHI book on the "Walkout" to come…</div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-34526667185037537042024-01-19T11:43:00.000-05:002024-01-19T11:43:54.756-05:00Luther's Bible on 1 Peter 3:21— "answer", "appeal", "pledge" — or "covenant" in Baptism<div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRmuqLBoh2NsMae1V6lRmjGSpXwovBP_9cwWenz4JHClyLPst0WiWIJ_0suHc5tbI934zlrZnEC2TPn8fog7kL-PBOvambjI5arVhO4LsnHMe5YSlHYk0ggz5WPz6MK3U6zgMJBpDmQDyxy0FK5oNkiBa6AYMAhbNaYnsdy_I6TRZj3YTyCOS88ZCisw/s2776/CPH%201903%20Title%20page%20scan%20w%20border.tif" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2776" data-original-width="1849" height="237" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRmuqLBoh2NsMae1V6lRmjGSpXwovBP_9cwWenz4JHClyLPst0WiWIJ_0suHc5tbI934zlrZnEC2TPn8fog7kL-PBOvambjI5arVhO4LsnHMe5YSlHYk0ggz5WPz6MK3U6zgMJBpDmQDyxy0FK5oNkiBa6AYMAhbNaYnsdy_I6TRZj3YTyCOS88ZCisw/w158-h237/CPH%201903%20Title%20page%20scan%20w%20border.tif" width="158" /></a></div> While reviewing Pieper's <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2023/12/piepers-dogmatik-v-3-in-english.html" target="_blank">volume 3 of his <i>Christliche Dogmatik</i></a>, I ran across another example to add to the list of passages for the superiority of <b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2021/09/luthers-1545-bible-in-english-by-deepl.html" target="_blank">Luther's Bible</a></b> over most English translations. On the passage 1 Peter 3:21, the major English translations render it as follows:</div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="text-align: justify;">KJV: The like figure whereunto even baptism doth also now save us (not the putting away of the filth of the flesh, but the </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; text-align: justify;"><b>answer</b></span><span style="text-align: justify;"> of a good conscience toward God,) by the resurrection of Jesus Christ:</span></li><li><span style="text-align: justify;">RSV: Baptism, which corresponds to this, now saves you, not as a removal of dirt from the body but as an </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; text-align: justify;"><b>appeal</b> </span><span style="text-align: justify;">to God for a clear conscience, through the resurrection of Jesus Christ</span></li><li><span style="text-align: justify;">NIV: and this water symbolizes baptism that now saves you also—not the removal of dirt from the body but the </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; text-align: justify;"><b>pledge</b></span><span style="text-align: justify;"> of a clear conscience toward God. It saves you by the resurrection of Jesus Christ</span></li><li>ESV: Baptism, which corresponds to this, now saves you, not as a removal of dirt from the body but as an <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><b>appeal</b></span> to God for a good conscience, through the resurrection of Jesus Christ,"</li></ul><div style="text-align: justify;">The Greek reads as follows:</div><blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">"ὃ ἀντίτυπον νῦν καὶ ἡμᾶς σῴζει βάπτισμα, οὐ σαρκὸς ἀπόθεσις ῥύπου, ἀλλὰ συνειδήσεως ἀγαθῆς <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><b>ἐπερώτημα</b></span> εἰς Θεόν, δι᾽ ἀναστάσεως ᾿Ιησοῦ Χριστοῦ"</div></blockquote> <div style="text-align: justify;">So we see the various renderings in the bulk of English Bibles, including the translation that the LC-MS uses, the ESV. </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> But Dr. Franz Pieper gives the best explanation of not only the word in question, but also the definitive answer to the question of the meaning of that word (<a href="https://archive.org/details/cdk-vol-3-deep-l-en-corrected-2023-11-28-no-shading/page/323/mode/1up?q=%221096%29+The+meaning+of%22" target="_blank"><i>Christliche Dogmatik</i> 3, p. 323, fn 1096</a>, or <a href="https://archive.org/details/christiandogmati0003piep/page/275/mode/1up?q=%22is+in+dispute.+In+the+New+Testament+the+word%22" target="_blank"><i>Christian Dogmatics</i> 3, p. 275, fn 32</a>)]: </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhp1SA4Mx481K9HrIxHQ-_cRoEFZ2xbKznaSnshMhGnmcAlMb_4d47t2xS0ReGGeBkcrAYb1L7AV4P7U0VmwM2vsDyxiswSwSavs_QO0ueA9l1oQ90zvvxHF1fygdkempwebBWG9fTJRBOiSrzaJNBHZDJwoVRFt2LJCxVqOz7YcC9XtHpUvIplvibLYQ/s212/$-Pieper%201923%20head%20shot%20(cropped).jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Franz Pieper (c) 1923" border="0" data-original-height="212" data-original-width="137" height="169" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhp1SA4Mx481K9HrIxHQ-_cRoEFZ2xbKznaSnshMhGnmcAlMb_4d47t2xS0ReGGeBkcrAYb1L7AV4P7U0VmwM2vsDyxiswSwSavs_QO0ueA9l1oQ90zvvxHF1fygdkempwebBWG9fTJRBOiSrzaJNBHZDJwoVRFt2LJCxVqOz7YcC9XtHpUvIplvibLYQ/w109-h169/$-Pieper%201923%20head%20shot%20(cropped).jpg" title="Franz Pieper (c) 1923" width="109" /></a></div><blockquote style="border: none; margin: 0px 0px 0px 40px; padding: 0px;"><div style="text-align: justify;">The meaning of <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><b>έπερώτημα</b></span> is in dispute. In the New Testament the word occurs only here [in 1 Peter 3:21]. Profane Greek furnishes two meanings. Its first and original meaning is “question, inquiry, <i>interrogatio</i>.” From this its forensic use in later Greek for “covenant, <i>stipulatio</i> is derived. … Those who here render έπερώτημα as “interrogation” understand the passage to say, with some shadings of the thought, that in Baptism the baptized <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">appeal</span> to God or <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">pray</span> for a good conscience. <span style="background-color: #d9ead3;"><b>This meaning is excluded here</b></span>, <span style="background-color: #d9ead3;">since according to the context the statement here concerns what Baptism itself <b>is</b>, and not what the candidates for Baptism or the baptized <b>do</b> in Baptism</span>. For this reason <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><b>one has to retain Luther’s rendering</b></span>: Baptism is the <span style="background-color: #d9ead3;"><b>covenant</b></span> of a good conscience toward God or over against God (είς θεόν). </div></blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">One may read this passage in Luther's Bible in English with the <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2021/09/luthers-1545-bible-in-english-by-deepl.html" target="_blank"><b>LED Bible</b></a> published at <b><a href="https://archive.org/details/luthers_bible_1545_english_translation/page/n1126/mode/1up?q=%22but+the+covenant+of+a+good+conscience+with+GOD%22" target="_blank">this page</a></b>:</div><blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">"Which therefore also makes us blessed in baptism, which is signified by that, not the putting away of filthiness from the flesh, but the <b style="background-color: #fff2cc;">covenant</b> of a good conscience with God through the resurrection of Jesus Christ."</div></blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">It is a great tragedy that American Lutheran Christians have been deprived of Luther's Bible by the loss of the German language after World War I. May Pieper's spiritual explanation of yet another benefit of Luther's Bible encourage more to make use of Luther's Bible in an <u>English</u> translation. Every Lutheran, like me, should take this verse to heart. and stand firm against the Reformed errors on the Sacrament of Baptism.</div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-72845797993373353002024-01-16T07:42:00.000-05:002024-01-16T07:42:57.991-05:00Frdm4: Rabbi, apostate Jew, Christian, Lutheran, missionary: Friedmann (Part 4)<div style="text-align: justify;"> This concludes from <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/01/frdm3-blinded-and-fanatical-jews.html" target="_blank">Part 3</a> (Table of Contents in <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/01/jewish-mission-to-nyc-nathaniel.html" target="_blank">Part 1</a>) presenting Pastor Nathaniel Friedmann's 1898 <i>Der Lutheraner</i> report of his mission work for the NYC Jewish population. — Friedmann concludes by looking back through the centuries of Jewish mission history, and marvels at God’s grace in his time. Rather than complain of how few are converted, he rather sees, as he stated at the beginning, how the work “has made some gratifying progress”. — From <a href="https://archive.org/details/DerLutheraner54/page/n414/mode/1up" target="_blank"><i>Der Lutheraner</i>, vol. 54 (<b>1898</b>), pp. 206</a> [EN]: </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div>- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - </div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-42ea9fef-7fff-5004-6959-30c4e80f736d"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="font-size: 21.3333px;">On </span>our Mission to the Jews.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 13.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">[by Pastor Nathaniel <span style="font-size: 13.3333px;">Friedmann</span>, <b>Part 4</b>]</span></p><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqSPRjJlw8YhvGpUQQNshvJ0XCDzXk4jwmH5C7rDX8AmrJ7HZQxUa44Jo0rToUOcDeQ9qrfU1yWRpmIVwWhaneN4ULB5T9GL1lwn0VXjg3cbxya-ffr_KfAcitO88MwFiSkT8cY59AwNauU_w93Eyf-71pb81blowNyJwZwRCBlAPpvvNlIVBFQnn_jQ/s158/A%20special%20grace%20of%20God.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="A special grace of God" border="0" data-original-height="54" data-original-width="158" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqSPRjJlw8YhvGpUQQNshvJ0XCDzXk4jwmH5C7rDX8AmrJ7HZQxUa44Jo0rToUOcDeQ9qrfU1yWRpmIVwWhaneN4ULB5T9GL1lwn0VXjg3cbxya-ffr_KfAcitO88MwFiSkT8cY59AwNauU_w93Eyf-71pb81blowNyJwZwRCBlAPpvvNlIVBFQnn_jQ/s16000/A%20special%20grace%20of%20God.jpg" title="A special grace of God" /><br /></a></div><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.32; margin: 0pt 13.5pt;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">After careful observation of the Jewish missionary history before and after the Reformation, it is a </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">special grace of God</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> when 40-60 Jews willingly listen to a sermon by a "</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Meshumed</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">" (apostate Jew) without arguing, quarreling or causing disturbances</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. From December 15, 1896 to August 18, 1898, 2,292 Jews heard the public sermon on the grace of God in Christ Jesus, the Messiah promised by God and appearing in the fullness of time.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.32; margin: 0pt 13.5pt; text-indent: 12.75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">In addition to public preaching, all of the undersigned's remaining time is used to </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">personally</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> preach the saving Gospel to the Jews. This is done partly through home visits, which the undersigned makes </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">daily</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> to the Jews, partly through the opportunity offered to the Jews to speak to the missionary privately, in the mission as well as in his home, in order to obtain information about all their questions concerning the Christian religion. <</span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">column 3</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">> </span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3CuhLC0KHCZNa74yVQcp6ZxOnA5_1bLpJjZsXIvn_12V8dDFiatLvgTR4WeZXDLUb8c7rJVaCkRq4B6vD8-xbu3pT3P7GoAyICynVoSVzcf4c9AGwcm-yeEHVR5s4PyuC1xAsrxmPi1n7EeD-7e5R261zX3wxUkFaMd6BvxbgSA5DNVj1-3UdEkaxww/s816/75%20India%20St.%20Brooklyn,%20NY%20-%20Google%20Maps%20street%20view.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="75 India St., Brooklyn, N. Y. (Google Maps)" border="0" data-original-height="816" data-original-width="670" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3CuhLC0KHCZNa74yVQcp6ZxOnA5_1bLpJjZsXIvn_12V8dDFiatLvgTR4WeZXDLUb8c7rJVaCkRq4B6vD8-xbu3pT3P7GoAyICynVoSVzcf4c9AGwcm-yeEHVR5s4PyuC1xAsrxmPi1n7EeD-7e5R261zX3wxUkFaMd6BvxbgSA5DNVj1-3UdEkaxww/w206-h250/75%20India%20St.%20Brooklyn,%20NY%20-%20Google%20Maps%20street%20view.jpg" title="75 India St., Brooklyn, N. Y. (Google Maps)" width="206" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">75 India St., Brooklyn, N. Y.<br />Friedmann's address — same building?</td></tr></tbody></table><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.32; margin: 0pt 13.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">So far, not a day has gone by without two, three or even four Jews visiting the undersigned in the missionary office. One has something to criticize about the sermon heard on Saturday, another wants clarification about a passage in the New Testament, a third comes to complain about his earthly hardship and </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">rightly</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> expects the missionary to take care of him physically. Since the above dates, 1,442 home visits have been made and 2,002 private visitors received. In order to give <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">the poor blinded Jews</span> the opportunity to reflect on the truth of the Gospel at home, 2,957 Jewish-German and Hebrew tracts and 144 New Testaments have been distributed among them to date. Bible lessons with short lectures on Christ in the Old Testament were also held every Tuesday and Thursday evening in winter; however, only a few people attended them. The total number of Bible study attendees during the above dates amounted to only 93 people. In this way the undersigned is now trying to scatter the seed of the Gospel among the Jews as well, with firm trust in God and His promise that His Word shall not return void. Isaiah 55:11.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="text-wrap: nowrap;"> </span> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Nath. Friedmann</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="text-wrap: nowrap;"> </span> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">75 India St., Brooklyn, N. Y.</span></p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - </span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">End of essay</i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> - - - - - - - - - - - - - -</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> The <i><a href="http://cyclopedia.lcms.org/display.asp?t1=J&word=JEWISHMISSIONS" target="_blank">Christian Cyclopedia</a></i> of today and the <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nH5OAQAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=Daniel%20Landsmann&f=false" target="_blank">1927 <i>Lutheran Cyclopedia</i></a> only mention Daniel Landsmann's name in relation to the Old Missouri Synod's mission to the Jews. I was surprised by this as Pastor Nathaniel Friedmann, as evidenced by the above report in <i>Der Lutheraner</i>, was also a very notable figure in the early Jewish Mission. One could wonder that the 1927 edition did not want to report the names of living individuals, but that is not the case for the updated LC-MS edition which is less informative than the 1927 edition.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div> What a joy it has been to translate and present this account by the dear Pastor Friedmann. His certainty of faith gave him such strength to withstand all of the obstacles and continue in the work of the Lord. — May this presentation educate and encourage others as it did me. In Jesus’ name! Amen!</div></div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-78496779994934942882024-01-12T15:35:00.001-05:002024-01-16T07:43:37.114-05:00Frdm3: “the blinded and fanatical Jews” (Friedmann, Part 3)<div style="text-align: justify;"> This continues from <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/01/frdm2-jewish-prejudices-against.html" target="_blank">Part 2</a> (Table of Contents in Part 1) presenting Pastor Nathaniel Friedmann's 1898 <i>Der Lutheraner</i> report of his mission work for the NYC Jewish population. — After painting a bleak picture of mission work among the Jews of NYC, he, a former rabbi, now teaches these German Lutherans (and me) the scriptural mandate for this mission work. Along the way he presents a characterization of the Jews that is likely not used today. But why? — From <a href="https://archive.org/details/DerLutheraner54/page/n414/mode/1up" target="_blank"><i>Der Lutheraner</i>, vol. 54 (<b>1898</b>), pp. 206</a> [EN]:</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div>- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - </div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-42ea9fef-7fff-5004-6959-30c4e80f736d"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="font-size: 21.3333px;">Of </span>our Mission to the Jews.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 13.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">[by Pastor Nathaniel <span style="font-size: 13.3333px;">Friedmann</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.3333px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, </span><b style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.3333px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Part 3</b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 10pt; white-space-collapse: preserve;">]</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.32; margin: 0pt 13.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">But should <</span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">column 2</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">> interest in this mission wane, or perhaps even go dormant? Not so, dear Christians! The </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">conversion of the Jews</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> is <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">not </span></span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">our</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> work, but </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">God's</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, as our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ Himself answered the Jews when asked what they had to do in order to do God's work: "</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">This is God's work</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, that you believe in Him whom He has sent," John 6:29. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Our</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> work in the Jewish mission, on the other hand, is to preach the saving Gospel to the Jews according to the command of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. The venerable Jewish Mission Commission has appointed the undersigned to do this on behalf of the Synod. The chairman of the above-mentioned commission has recently reported that the seed of the Gospel is being scattered among the Jews according to the ability that the Lord God gives to the missionary. </span></p><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiF5UC-RVrCe3RJT7ptlfxCzHnpKysOWQqPYqLK5iuh5MhUEG6MedWmGbrpNPnlhfphznb-SYQWlom4kCqResyashyphenhyphen954FY4yRArfTPgmWogCSNSxeSPJWg2_RvpqhzGlb90xpt6elTyoNxY7Rl_TMFFYD45KKtVd847YrO0GsfvWwo-vCPPDDhXA6gMA/s422/70%20Pitt%20St.%20NYC%20Screenshot%202023-12-11%20104742.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="70 Pitt Street, NYC (old buildings are gone)" border="0" data-original-height="422" data-original-width="359" height="178" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiF5UC-RVrCe3RJT7ptlfxCzHnpKysOWQqPYqLK5iuh5MhUEG6MedWmGbrpNPnlhfphznb-SYQWlom4kCqResyashyphenhyphen954FY4yRArfTPgmWogCSNSxeSPJWg2_RvpqhzGlb90xpt6elTyoNxY7Rl_TMFFYD45KKtVd847YrO0GsfvWwo-vCPPDDhXA6gMA/w150-h178/70%20Pitt%20St.%20NYC%20Screenshot%202023-12-11%20104742.jpg" title="70 Pitt Street, NYC (old buildings are gone)" width="150" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">70 Pitt Street, NYC:<br />mission location</td></tr></tbody></table><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.32; margin: 0pt 13.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Every Saturday afternoon a public sermon is held in the mission locale at </span><a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/70+Pitt+St,+New+York,+NY+10002/@40.7179372,-74.0646009,12z/data=!4m6!3m5!1s0x89c2597f782dd345:0xf455b32a0c6b7e76!8m2!3d40.7179332!4d-73.9822088!16s%2Fg%2F11j7d0plw0?entry=ttu" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">70 Pitt Street</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> in a language understood by the Jews [</span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">probably </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yiddish" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #1155cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Yiddish</span></a><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, “a West Germanic language historically spoken by Ashkenazi Jews”</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">]. To the glory of God, it can be reported that Jews of both sexes, young and old, <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">attend the sermon in large numbers and listen attentively and thoughtfully</span>. You can see how the power of the Gospel is working on many of them. Even before Easter of this year, the Commission recognized the need to enlarge the missionary local. A wall was removed at the expense of the mission, so that we now have a large hall for preaching. </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Our Evangelical-Lutheran Jewish mission, </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">which is the only one</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> in this great cosmopolitan city, is also becoming more and more well-known among the Jews from day to day, and it has recently become clear to the undersigned that </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Jews</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> also notice the difference between a Lutheran and a fanatical sermon and give preference to the former</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. For after several Jews had gone from our mission to another </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">for lack of space</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, they finally came back to our services, and preferred to stand in our </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">cramped local hall</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> than to have a comfortable seat in other missions. </span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhr4pGGo7EbaMEam4bv_MiZR1ZIJOaLivBGT8bjj5yQRHW-7NyhJb-tRMw4t1WNh6UqNdrKTC7al-iSOtyMb9su_dSTitl5YIxkpaYwrx2P8LM6Cgm7aTR-yW6AKbQWRCLRrTI_90GtYcsEoluIzSTZ60FYlY7O5ac0ks9vxuGa-fwDu3hRl1G01oV4Ww/s133/Jewish%20small%20cap%20(Wikipedia%20-%20Kippah%20-Screenshot%202023-12-11%20150024.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Jewish small cap (Kippah - Wikipedia)" border="0" data-original-height="133" data-original-width="93" height="114" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhr4pGGo7EbaMEam4bv_MiZR1ZIJOaLivBGT8bjj5yQRHW-7NyhJb-tRMw4t1WNh6UqNdrKTC7al-iSOtyMb9su_dSTitl5YIxkpaYwrx2P8LM6Cgm7aTR-yW6AKbQWRCLRrTI_90GtYcsEoluIzSTZ60FYlY7O5ac0ks9vxuGa-fwDu3hRl1G01oV4Ww/w80-h114/Jewish%20small%20cap%20(Wikipedia%20-%20Kippah%20-Screenshot%202023-12-11%20150024.jpg" title="Jewish small cap (Kippah - Wikipedia)" width="80" /></a></div><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.32; margin: 0pt 13.5pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">It is clear from all this that it is not </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">outward appearances</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, but the </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">power of God</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> alone, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">which lies in the pure, clear preaching of the saving Gospel, that attracts</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> also the Jews, </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">the blinded and fanatical Jews</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, to the missionary services. For often Jews come to the services who are still such zealots that they do not want to sit in the mission without a head covering and therefore </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">keep a small cap on</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> [<span style="color: red;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kippah#:~:text=A%20kippah%20(plural%3A%20kippot),that%20the%20head%20be%20covered." target="_blank">Kippah</a></span>]</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span></p></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - </span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Concluded in <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/01/frdm4-rabbi-apostate-jew-christian.html" target="_blank">Part 4</a></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> - - - - - - - - - - - - - -</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"> While Friedmann’s mentor Landsmann did not become a pastor but only worked as an “evangelist”, Friedmann became a <u>Lutheran</u> pastor. He specifically highlights above that the <u>Lutheran</u> Church’s doctrines were fully rooted in God’s Word, and so lets <u>God</u> do the work in the hearers. — </div><div style="text-align: justify;"> Those that watch American TV and movies find themselves immersed in the programming of Jewish screenwriters and producers. These are among those <u>persecuting</u> the Jewish converts to Christianity. — In the concluding <b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/01/frdm4-rabbi-apostate-jew-christian.html" target="_blank">Part 4</a></b>…</div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-89718439079903695462024-01-07T06:02:00.001-05:002024-01-12T15:43:40.574-05:00Frdm2: Jewish “prejudices against Christianity”, “Shemhamforash”; Luther vindicated<div style="text-align: justify;"> This continues from <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/01/jewish-mission-to-nyc-nathaniel.html" target="_blank">Part 1</a> (Table of Contents in <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/01/jewish-mission-to-nyc-nathaniel.html" target="_blank">Part 1</a>) presenting Pastor Nathaniel Friedmann's 1898 <i>Der Lutheraner</i> report of his mission work for the NYC Jewish population. — In this segment, one hears how difficult Friedmann’s work was as he labored against “prejudices against Christianity”. His recounting of the Jewish “Hanged man” fable of “<b>Shemhamforash</b>” is an abbreviated version of the same fable as in Martin Luther’s writing “<b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2012/07/vom-schem-hamphoras-by-martin-luther.html" target="_blank">Vom Shem Hamphoras</a></b>”. — From <a href="https://archive.org/details/DerLutheraner54/page/n414/mode/1up" target="_blank"><i>Der Lutheraner</i>, vol. 54 (<b>1898</b>), pp. 206</a> [EN]:</div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-42ea9fef-7fff-5004-6959-30c4e80f736d"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="font-size: 21.3333px;">Of </span>our Mission to the Jews.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 13.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">[by Pastor Nathaniel <span style="font-size: 13.3333px;">Friedmann</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.3333px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, </span><b style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 13.3333px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Part 2</b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 10pt; white-space-collapse: preserve;">]</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt; text-indent: 12.75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-indent: 12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Oh, how much injustice is not done to the Jewish mission if one judges it only by the </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; text-indent: 12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">number of conversions</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-indent: 12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> and wants to show interest in this mission accordingly! Consider how difficult it is for a pastor to show conversions among those who were born and raised in the midst of Christianity. </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-indent: 12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">With the Jews, however, the prejudices against Christianity in which they were brought up must be added</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-indent: 12.75pt; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. For no sooner is a Jewish child able to understand the language than <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">it is taught by its Jewish parents about the sacred birth of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ in the most shameful and disgraceful way</span>, so that when it hears the name of Jesus, it is filled with such hatred that it spews out and blasphemes. </span> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTl5r1NPyZ160YSQi-rVJqDsAcBvR3fPXyNCqv8jg1ryhuEi1Lls5t_RBrpAOTXsF7uzuiDMNLtiniK7gTcD90QhkNqi4QZFH3aZCbRTGzgKhrKtZoQw7JzGzoUnje2v49Wdv8b7bueZjlEa5UPQSthNo2rr1zjz_EjfYCAdcGFtIV3EjgS561yct9Lw/s169/%E2%80%9CMase%20Tuli%E2%80%9D,%20the%20story%20of%20the%20hanged%20man.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="90" data-original-width="169" height="90" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTl5r1NPyZ160YSQi-rVJqDsAcBvR3fPXyNCqv8jg1ryhuEi1Lls5t_RBrpAOTXsF7uzuiDMNLtiniK7gTcD90QhkNqi4QZFH3aZCbRTGzgKhrKtZoQw7JzGzoUnje2v49Wdv8b7bueZjlEa5UPQSthNo2rr1zjz_EjfYCAdcGFtIV3EjgS561yct9Lw/s1600/%E2%80%9CMase%20Tuli%E2%80%9D,%20the%20story%20of%20the%20hanged%20man.jpg" width="169" /></a></div><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.32; margin: 0pt 13.5pt;"><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">After all, the Jews have the rabbinical tradition of the “</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Mase Tuli</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">”, the story of the hanged man, in which they believe. From it the Jew learns that the Lord Jesus came into the Holy of Holies of the Temple and there stole the "</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Shemhamforash</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">", a wonderful name of Jehovah, and sewed it into the thick flesh of the foot. It was only through this stolen "</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Shemhamforash</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">" that Jesus was able to perform all the miracles</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. The Jew is brought up in this belief from childhood. </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Added to this is the hatred and hostility of the Jews towards such an Israelite who publicly confesses Christ as his Messiah and Savior</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. As a "</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Meshumed</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">" (apostate), </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">a Jew who converts to Christianity is mocked, ridiculed and bitterly persecuted by his brethren according to the flesh</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. The fanaticism of the Jews today is still the same as that described by the holy Apostle Paul in the Acts of the Apostles. And according to the teaching of the rabbis, </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">a Jew who has converted from Judaism to Christianity is guilty of death</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. The fact that such a convert loses his position and thus his livelihood among his tribal neighbors hardly needs to be mentioned, but the Jewish mission cannot emphasize enough how difficult it </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">is to find a Christian who is willing to take in such a Jew suffering for the sake of Christ or grant him employment in his business</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. Even our Jewish mission recently had the sad experience of </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">a young man losing his job with an Orthodox Jew because it was discovered that he had attended the services in our mission</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, and despite all the efforts of the undersigned it was not possible to find him another job. All this makes it understandable that progress in the Jewish mission can </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">only be</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">slow</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> and that in many respects it is a "seed of hope". </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - <i>Continued in <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/01/frdm3-blinded-and-fanatical-jews.html" target="_blank">Part 3</a></i><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/01/frdm3-blinded-and-fanatical-jews.html" target="_blank"> </a> - - - - - - - - - - - - - -</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></p><div><div> Although World War II would come several decades later, one wonders that even <u>today</u> the stigma attached to the Nazi treatment of the Jews would not have hindered Friedmann from exposing this infamous Jewish fable. And he was a <u>full-blooded Russian Jew</u> according to the flesh! </div><div> In his “<a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2012/07/vom-schem-hamphoras-by-martin-luther.html" target="_blank">Vom Schem Hamphoras</a>”, Martin Luther <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2012/07/vom-schem-hamphoras-by-martin-luther.html#:~:text=are%20as%20possible%20to%20convert%20as%20the%20devil" target="_blank">stated</a> in the opening paragraph how the Jews “are as possible to convert as the devil”. In that paragraph, Luther refers to those who “blaspheme with their Schem Hamphoras” as the “Jews”. Luther is evidently not referring to individual Jews, but particularly the Jewish teachers, the rabbis. Luther delineates this further when he refers to those under the rabbis as the “<a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2012/07/vom-schem-hamphoras-by-martin-luther_29.html#:~:text=unfortunate%20captive%20Jews" target="_blank">unfortunate captive Jews</a>”. Luther would have rejoiced in the days of Landsmann and Friedmann who did indeed convert. The latter "rabbi", Pastor Friedmann, vindicates Luther's use of the “Shemhamforash” by using this same fable that Luther exposed to illustrate the hardness of the “Jews”. One suspects that <u>Rabbi</u> Friedmann himself, <u>before</u> he converted, had <u>taught this same fable</u> to the Jewish people in Russia. It was only by God’s surpassing grace that Friedmann was converted, and then sent by the Old Missouri Synod to the lost sheep of “Israel”. — In the next <b><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/01/frdm3-blinded-and-fanatical-jews.html" target="_blank">Part 3</a></b> …</div></div></span></div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-69979851413716860832024-01-02T12:13:00.005-05:002024-01-16T07:44:05.763-05:00Jewish Mission to NYC: Nathaniel Friedmann (Der Lutheraner 1898) Part 1<div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_o6EMenwwsNDbZ4VRfQ8QlFH-95lJQwTicSNHH2-PKLcgSccgp4FqKpbzJpHxJ4jYZBnpLFd_Zfr3JLoXspb6avvdK-nz50OHYNgpw8kVKwr0hzjvOXs1pVheKSLObh9oVVVZzfkTUl7QtPevO-l38GDZxT9Fq1rtUdk6ElBgaeiyuALIQripU7MAAw/s207/Friedmann,%20Nathaniel-300x300%20from%20(messianicjudaism.me)%20crop.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt=""Rabbi", then Pastor, Nathaniel Friedmann" border="0" data-original-height="207" data-original-width="184" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_o6EMenwwsNDbZ4VRfQ8QlFH-95lJQwTicSNHH2-PKLcgSccgp4FqKpbzJpHxJ4jYZBnpLFd_Zfr3JLoXspb6avvdK-nz50OHYNgpw8kVKwr0hzjvOXs1pVheKSLObh9oVVVZzfkTUl7QtPevO-l38GDZxT9Fq1rtUdk6ElBgaeiyuALIQripU7MAAw/s16000/Friedmann,%20Nathaniel-300x300%20from%20(messianicjudaism.me)%20crop.jpg" title=""Rabbi", then Pastor, Nathaniel Friedmann" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">"Rabbi", Pastor Nathaniel Friedmann<br />(from <a href="https://jewishroots.net/library/testimonials/rabbi_nathaniel_friedmann_testimony.html">JewishRoots.net</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table> While reviewing the issues of the <i>Der Lutheraner</i> magazine for OCR work, another article caught my eye concerning the <u>Old</u> Missouri Synod's mission to the Jews of New York City (NYC). And so this post follows <a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2022/01/landsmann-missionary-to-jews-debates.html" target="_blank">the earlier series from <b>1886</b></a> that featured their <u>first</u> "Jewish" Christian missionary, <b>Daniel Landsmann</b>. As remarkable as that account was, the following account of Landsmann's successor, the <u>second</u> "Jewish" Christian missionary, also a former rabbi, <b>Nathaniel Friedmann</b>, further opens the window to reveal the "mystery of Israel's conversion". The background history of Friedmann was provided by the "messianicjudaism.me" website, now only available on the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120126073806/http://www.messianicjudaism.me/yinon/2011/11/02/rabbis-who-thought-for-themselves/#:~:text=Rabbi%20Nathaniel%20Friedman" target="_blank">Internet Archive copy</a>:</div></div><blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">“Rabbi Nathaniel Friedmann was sent from Russia to win [Daniel] Landsmann (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120126073806/http://www.messianicjudaism.me/yinon/2011/11/02/rabbis-who-thought-for-themselves/#:~:text=Repository%20HERE.-,Rabbi%20Daniel%20Landsmann,-Rabbi%20Daniel%20Landsmann" target="_blank">above</a>) back to Judaism in 1889. However <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">his discussions with Landsmann resulted in Friedmann coming to believe in Yeshua’s Messiahship as well</span>. He later was <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">ordained as a Lutheran Pastor and became Landsmann’s successor, and served in NYC until 1941</span>.”</div></blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;">Landmann's powerful message converted the rabbi who was sent to convert him back to Judaism! Friedmann was "<b>ironically</b> becoming Landsmann's successor", as reported by <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230327155615/http://jewishroots.net/library/testimonials/rabbi_nathaniel_friedmann_testimony.html#:~:text=ironically%20becoming%20Landsmann%27s%20successor">JewishRoots.net</a>. I had to laugh with joy when I first read this history. But as startling as this was, so instructive and salutary was Friedmann's report of his work. And along the way, we hear this former rabbi's account of a Jewish fable that vindicates Martin Luther. Now let us take a trip to New York City, of 125 years ago, and hear of this missionary's work among… the Jews of NYC. — The following is from <a href="https://archive.org/details/DerLutheraner54/page/n414/mode/1up" target="_blank"><i>Der Lutheraner</i>, vol. 54 (<b>1898</b>), pp. 205-206</a> [EN]<a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1IJ1XNFPJIP9J-vsCGtttIhP41MGhayzlZXv_zNeObyg/edit" target="_blank">:</a> </div><div style="text-align: justify;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-42ea9fef-7fff-5004-6959-30c4e80f736d"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">On our Mission to the Jews.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 13.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">[by Pastor Nathaniel Friedmann, <b>Part 1</b>]</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt; text-indent: 12.75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">From the venerable Jewish Mission Commission, the undersigned has once again been given the task of publishing a report on the Jewish Mission in the “</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Lutheraner</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">”. God grant that interest in the work among the "lost sheep of the house of Israel" may be promoted by the same for His glory and for the salvation of many souls from Israel.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.32; margin: 0pt 18pt; text-indent: 12.75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">With thanks to God, the undersigned can once again report that our mission to the Jews has not regressed, but has made some gratifying progress. </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">This does not mean that large numbers of Jews have been received into the Church of God through Holy Baptism, as some Christians might have expected from the Jewish mission</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. But such progress is not promised to us in God's Word. For the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments promise us in the conversion of Israel only a "</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Shear</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">", only a remnant, "according to the election of grace". Thus the evangelist of the old covenant, the prophet Isaiah, prophesies: “In that day </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">the remnant of Israel, and they that are saved of the house of Jacob</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, shall no more rely upon him that smiteth them; but they shall rely upon the Lord, the Holy One of Israel, in truth. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The remnant shall be converted, even the remnant in Jacob</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, unto God, the strong. For though thy people, O Israel, be as the sand of the sea, yet </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">the remnant of them shall be converted</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.” Isaiah 10:20-22 [</span><a href="https://archive.org/details/luthers_bible_1545_english_translation/page/n646/mode/1up" style="text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Luther, LED</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">]; cf. Isaiah 3:12-13, Ezek. 6:8. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><</span><span style="color: red; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><a href="https://archive.org/details/DerLutheraner54/page/n415/mode/1up" target="_blank">p. 206</a></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">></span> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkPzQwC-LwfBwS9iOSGajV_IqgRYQTOsS2ugTNTusNGxs0j5lyPlzoTva3xO6OCCLgB0FrYF1BKL0_UlyOY53VjGL1hlSGonn4azXjEGREQGN-Mtj-reZP6Gz5ZijyWJw4yruAS412nvXsUPu7sG4LZhJ_wsHyNL3wFNvdcNZW3StoB9nBzgjaO1OXLg/s137/Only%20some%20will%20be%20saved.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Only some will be saved" border="0" data-original-height="55" data-original-width="137" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkPzQwC-LwfBwS9iOSGajV_IqgRYQTOsS2ugTNTusNGxs0j5lyPlzoTva3xO6OCCLgB0FrYF1BKL0_UlyOY53VjGL1hlSGonn4azXjEGREQGN-Mtj-reZP6Gz5ZijyWJw4yruAS412nvXsUPu7sG4LZhJ_wsHyNL3wFNvdcNZW3StoB9nBzgjaO1OXLg/s16000/Only%20some%20will%20be%20saved.jpg" title="Only some will be saved" /></a></div><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt; text-indent: 12.75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Therefore the holy Apostle Paul, when he wants to reveal to us the mystery of Israel's conversion (Rom. 11:25), expressly testifies that only those “</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">foreknown</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">” (Rom. 11:2), only the "</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">remnant</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> according to the election of grace" (Rom. 11:5), </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">only “</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">some</span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">” of them (Rom. 11:17) will be saved</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin: 0pt 18pt; text-indent: 12.75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">If this is the teaching of Holy Scripture, we certainly have </span><span style="background-color: #fff2cc; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">no reason to lose interest in the said mission, or even to lose heart</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, if our mission to the Jews does not show a large number of conversions, but rather we have great cause to thank the Lord of the Church from the heart if only "</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">some</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">" are saved like “a brand out of the fire” through the preaching of the Gospel.</span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- - - - - - - - - - - - - <i>Continued in Part 2</i> - - - - - - - - - - - - - -</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></p></div><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> How vividly Friedmann paints the realities of his mission work, using the Holy Scriptures, that not “all Israel” </span><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">after the flesh</span><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> will be saved, but only a “remnant”. In the next </span><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Part 2</span><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, he shows just how much prejudice the rabbis have implanted in their people against the Christ, and does not hold back about their infamous fable. I was surprised…</span></span></p><br />- - - - - - - - - - - - - - <b><span style="font-size: medium;">Table of Contents</span></b> - - - - - - - - - - - - - -</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/01/jewish-mission-to-nyc-nathaniel.html" target="_blank">Part 1</a>: this Introduction; "only '<u>some</u>' of them (Rom. 11:17) will be saved".</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/01/frdm2-jewish-prejudices-against.html" target="_blank">Part 2</a>: Jewish “prejudices against Christianity”, “<i>Shemhamforash</i>”</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/01/frdm3-blinded-and-fanatical-jews.html" target="_blank">Part 3</a>: “the blinded and fanatical Jews”; "not <u>our</u> work, but <u>God's</u>"</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://backtoluther.blogspot.com/2024/01/frdm4-rabbi-apostate-jew-christian.html" target="_blank">Part 4</a>: Friedmann: Rabbi, apostate Jew, Christian, <b>Lutheran</b>, missionary</div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58229208136628043.post-37608647577535474812023-12-30T12:18:00.000-05:002023-12-30T12:18:43.256-05:00Chrysostom against unbelief: with words, not violence<div style="text-align: justify;"> In the second year of the <i>Der Lutheraner</i>, before the Missouri Synod was born, there appeared a short blurb that caught my attention by its title. It was a translation from a sermon by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Chrysostom" target="_blank">Chrysostom.</a> a noted early church father. The quote struck me for its Christian character. From <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4qUpAAAAYAAJ&dq=editions%3AG8xd53TmiGcC&pg=RA1-PA68#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank"><i>DL </i>vol. 2, April 18, 1846, p. 68</a> [<a href="https://archive.org/details/dl-02-1845-1846-deep-l-en/page/68/mode/1up?q=%22We+are+led+into+the+battlefield+against+the+unbelievers%22" target="_blank">EN</a>]: </div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">The Fight against Unbelief.</span></b></div><blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK-66o7uI6DmON1a-jyqHWuvRXZBppxUFSlzVNg1Bo4nNFixyv2_JBPDRIRmAxyqpIw4lWZMsRiyxetBxgEUiogCLvE-liexTuc_vXb-2bo2NsxHBXKeXevRjoCEjXMCVQLbVOHAiCyn0wL_qxMN5oCtIMxaONutrE9pn41HdLTufokXlt2edFMAtziw/s199/Chrysostom%20(Wikipedia).jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="John Chrysostom (Wikipedia)" border="0" data-original-height="199" data-original-width="149" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK-66o7uI6DmON1a-jyqHWuvRXZBppxUFSlzVNg1Bo4nNFixyv2_JBPDRIRmAxyqpIw4lWZMsRiyxetBxgEUiogCLvE-liexTuc_vXb-2bo2NsxHBXKeXevRjoCEjXMCVQLbVOHAiCyn0wL_qxMN5oCtIMxaONutrE9pn41HdLTufokXlt2edFMAtziw/w120-h160/Chrysostom%20(Wikipedia).jpg" title="John Chrysostom (Wikipedia)" width="120" /></a></div><span style="font-family: times; font-size: medium;">“We are led into the battlefield against the unbelievers, not to strike down those who are standing there, <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">but to raise up those who are lying down</span>. For this is the nature of the war we wage. He does not kill the living, <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">but raises the dead and makes them alive</span>, because He is full of gentleness and goodness. <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">I do not persecute with violence but with words, not the heretic but the heresy.</span> I do not abhor man, <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">but I hate error</span>; <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">I seek to destroy it</span>. I do not wage war with the creature, for the creature is a work of God, <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">but I seek to amend the soul that the devil has corrupted</span>. Thus a physician who heals a sick person does not attack the body, but the infirmity of the same, with the intention of healing it. So when I make war with the unbelievers, I do not make war with the persons, <span style="background-color: #fff2cc;">but I only want to expel the error and save them from the corruption</span>. It is customary for me to suffer persecution, but not to persecute, to be oppressed, but not to oppress. Thus Christ overcame.” — Chrysostom in his Homily against the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anomoeanism" target="_blank">Anomœans</a> of the year 404 A.D. — G. [<a href="http://cyclopedia.lcms.org/display.asp?t1=G&word=GONNER.JOHANNJAKOB" target="_blank">J. J. Gönner</a>?]</span></div></blockquote> <div style="text-align: justify;">May this blog serve the aims as set forth by Chrysostom.</div>BackToLutherhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04893978306213733508noreply@blogger.com0